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He B, Wang C, Wang F, Tian L, Wang H, Fu C, Liu J, Xi C, Zhu C, Yang Q. Differentiation therapy for murine myelofibrosis model with MLN8237 loaded low-density lipoproteins. J Control Release 2023; 356:554-566. [PMID: 36924895 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Primary myelofibrosis (PMF) is a severe myeloproliferative neoplasm that is characterized by low-differentiation megakaryoblasts and progressive bone marrow fibrosis. Although an Aurora kinase A (AURKA) targeting small-molecule inhibitor MLN8237 has been approved in clinical trials for differentiation therapy of high-risk PMF patients, its off-target side effects lead to a partial remission and serious complications. Here, we report a dual-targeting therapy agent (rLDL-MLN) with great clinical translation potential for differentiation therapy of PMF disease. In particular, the reconstituted low-density lipoprotein (rLDL) nanocarrier and the loaded MLN8237 can actively target malignant hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) via LDL receptors and intracellular AURKA, respectively. In contrast to free MLN8237, rLDL-MLN effectively prohibits the proliferation of PMF cell lines and abnormal HSPCs and significantly induces their differentiation, as well as prevents the formation of erythrocyte and megakaryocyte colonies from abnormal HSPCs. Surprisingly, even at a 1500-fold lower dosage (0.01 mg/kg) than that of free MLN8237, rLDL-MLN still exhibits a much more effective therapeutic effect, with the PMF mice almost clear of blast cells. More importantly, rLDL-MLN promotes hematological recovery without any toxic side effects at the effective dosage, holding great promise in the targeted differentiation therapy of PMF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binghong He
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University; Beijing 100875, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Fuping Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University; Beijing 100875, China
| | - Liang Tian
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Haitao Wang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Chunling Fu
- Blood Disease Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University; Beijing 100875, China
| | - Chao Xi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University; Beijing 100875, China
| | - Chunlei Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Qiong Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University; Beijing 100875, China.
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Richardson DS, Spehar JM, Han DT, Chakravarthy PA, Sizemore ST. The RAL Enigma: Distinct Roles of RALA and RALB in Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:cells11101645. [PMID: 35626682 PMCID: PMC9139244 DOI: 10.3390/cells11101645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
RALA and RALB are highly homologous small G proteins belonging to the RAS superfamily. Like other small GTPases, the RALs are molecular switches that can be toggled between inactive GDP-bound and active GTP-bound states to regulate diverse and critical cellular functions such as vesicle trafficking, filopodia formation, mitochondrial fission, and cytokinesis. The RAL paralogs are activated and inactivated by a shared set of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) and utilize similar sets of downstream effectors. In addition to their important roles in normal cell biology, the RALs are known to be critical mediators of cancer cell survival, invasion, migration, and metastasis. However, despite their substantial similarities, the RALs often display striking functional disparities in cancer. RALA and RALB can have redundant, unique, or even antagonistic functions depending on cancer type. The molecular basis for these discrepancies remains an important unanswered question in the field of cancer biology. In this review we examine the functions of the RAL paralogs in normal cellular physiology and cancer biology with special consideration provided to situations where the roles of RALA and RALB are non-redundant.
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Virmani M, Deshpande NU, Pathan S, Jayakannan M. Self-Reporting Polysaccharide Polymersome for Doxorubicin and Cisplatin Delivery to Live Cancer Cells. ACS POLYMERS AU 2021; 2:181-193. [PMID: 36855523 PMCID: PMC9954308 DOI: 10.1021/acspolymersau.1c00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report self-reporting fluorescent polysaccharide polymersome nanoassemblies for enzyme-responsive intracellular delivery of two clinical anticancer drugs doxorubicin (DOX) and cisplatin to study the real-time drug-releasing aspects by fluorescent resonance energy transfer (FRET) bioimaging in live cancer cells. Fluorescent polymersomes were tailor-made by tagging an aggregation-induced emission (AIE) optical chromophore, tetraphenylethylene (TPE), and a plant-based vesicular directing hydrophobic unit through enzyme-biodegradable aliphatic ester chemical linkages in the polysaccharide dextran. The blue-luminescent polymersome self-assembled in water and exhibited excellent encapsulation capability for the red-luminescent anticancer drug DOX. FRET between the AIE polymersome host and DOX guest molecules resulted in a completely turn-off probe. At the intracellular level, the lysosomal enzymatic disassembly of the polymersome restored the dual fluorescent signals from DOX and TPE at the nucleus and the lysosomes, respectively. Live-cell confocal microscopy coupled with selective photoexcitation was employed to study the real-time polymersome disassembly by monitoring the turn-on fluorescent signals in human breast cancer cell lines. Alternatively, carboxylic acid-functionalized AIE polymersomes were also tailor-made for cisplatin stitching to directly monitor Pt drug delivery. The polymersome nanoassemblies exhibited excellent structural tolerance for the chemical conjugation of the Pt drugs, and the fluorescence signals were unaltered. An in vitro drug release study confirmed that the cisplatin-stitched fluorescent polymersomes were very stable under physiological conditions and underwent lysosomal enzymatic degradation to inhibit the cancer cell growth. A lysosomal colocalization experiment using confocal microscopy substantiates the enzyme-responsive degradation of these polymersomes to release both the encapsulated and conjugated drugs at the intracellular level. The present design provides a unique opportunity to deliver more than one anticancer drug from a single polymersome platform in cancer research.
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Rio-Vilariño A, del Puerto-Nevado L, García-Foncillas J, Cebrián A. Ras Family of Small GTPases in CRC: New Perspectives for Overcoming Drug Resistance. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3757. [PMID: 34359657 PMCID: PMC8345156 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer remains among the cancers with the highest incidence, prevalence, and mortality worldwide. Although the development of targeted therapies against the EGFR and VEGFR membrane receptors has considerably improved survival in these patients, the appearance of resistance means that their success is still limited. Overactivation of several members of the Ras-GTPase family is one of the main actors in both tumour progression and the lack of response to cytotoxic and targeted therapies. This fact has led many resources to be devoted over the last decades to the development of targeted therapies against these proteins. However, they have not been as successful as expected in their move to the clinic so far. In this review, we will analyse the role of these Ras-GTPases in the emergence and development of colorectal cancer and their relationship with resistance to targeted therapies, as well as the status and new advances in the design of targeted therapies against these proteins and their possible clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jesús García-Foncillas
- Translational Oncology Division, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jimenez Diaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.R.-V.); (L.d.P.-N.)
| | - Arancha Cebrián
- Translational Oncology Division, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jimenez Diaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.R.-V.); (L.d.P.-N.)
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5
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Thies KA, Cole MW, Schafer RE, Spehar JM, Richardson DS, Steck SA, Das M, Lian AW, Ray A, Shakya R, Knoblaugh SE, Timmers CD, Ostrowski MC, Chakravarti A, Sizemore GM, Sizemore ST. The small G-protein RalA promotes progression and metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res 2021; 23:65. [PMID: 34118960 PMCID: PMC8196523 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-021-01438-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer in women and the leading cause of cancer-associated mortality in women. In particular, triple-negative BC (TNBC) has the highest rate of mortality due in large part to the lack of targeted treatment options for this subtype. Thus, there is an urgent need to identify new molecular targets for TNBC treatment. RALA and RALB are small GTPases implicated in growth and metastasis of a variety of cancers, although little is known of their roles in BC. Methods The necessity of RALA and RALB for TNBC tumor growth and metastasis were evaluated in vivo using orthotopic and tail-vein models. In vitro, 2D and 3D cell culture methods were used to evaluate the contributions of RALA and RALB during TNBC cell migration, invasion, and viability. The association between TNBC patient outcome and RALA and RALB expression was examined using publicly available gene expression data and patient tissue microarrays. Finally, small molecule inhibition of RALA and RALB was evaluated as a potential treatment strategy for TNBC in cell line and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. Results Knockout or depletion of RALA inhibited orthotopic primary tumor growth, spontaneous metastasis, and experimental metastasis of TNBC cells in vivo. Conversely, knockout of RALB increased TNBC growth and metastasis. In vitro, RALA and RALB had antagonistic effects on TNBC migration, invasion, and viability with RALA generally supporting and RALB opposing these processes. In BC patient populations, elevated RALA but not RALB expression is significantly associated with poor outcome across all BC subtypes and specifically within TNBC patient cohorts. Immunohistochemical staining for RALA in patient cohorts confirmed the prognostic significance of RALA within the general BC population and the TNBC population specifically. BQU57, a small molecule inhibitor of RALA and RALB, decreased TNBC cell line viability, sensitized cells to paclitaxel in vitro and decreased tumor growth and metastasis in TNBC cell line and PDX models in vivo. Conclusions Together, these data demonstrate important but paradoxical roles for RALA and RALB in the pathogenesis of TNBC and advocate further investigation of RALA as a target for the precise treatment of metastatic TNBC. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13058-021-01438-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie A Thies
- Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University, 646A TMRF, 420 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Matthew W Cole
- Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University, 646A TMRF, 420 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Rachel E Schafer
- Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University, 646A TMRF, 420 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Jonathan M Spehar
- Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University, 646A TMRF, 420 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Dillon S Richardson
- Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University, 646A TMRF, 420 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Sarah A Steck
- Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University, 646A TMRF, 420 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Manjusri Das
- Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University, 646A TMRF, 420 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Arthur W Lian
- Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University, 646A TMRF, 420 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Alo Ray
- Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University, 646A TMRF, 420 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Reena Shakya
- Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.,Target Validation Shared Resource, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Sue E Knoblaugh
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Cynthia D Timmers
- The Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.,Division of Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Michael C Ostrowski
- The Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Arnab Chakravarti
- Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University, 646A TMRF, 420 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Gina M Sizemore
- Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University, 646A TMRF, 420 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Steven T Sizemore
- Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA. .,Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University, 646A TMRF, 420 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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Du R, Huang C, Liu K, Li X, Dong Z. Targeting AURKA in Cancer: molecular mechanisms and opportunities for Cancer therapy. Mol Cancer 2021; 20:15. [PMID: 33451333 PMCID: PMC7809767 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-020-01305-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 78.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aurora kinase A (AURKA) belongs to the family of serine/threonine kinases, whose activation is necessary for cell division processes via regulation of mitosis. AURKA shows significantly higher expression in cancer tissues than in normal control tissues for multiple tumor types according to the TCGA database. Activation of AURKA has been demonstrated to play an important role in a wide range of cancers, and numerous AURKA substrates have been identified. AURKA-mediated phosphorylation can regulate the functions of AURKA substrates, some of which are mitosis regulators, tumor suppressors or oncogenes. In addition, enrichment of AURKA-interacting proteins with KEGG pathway and GO analysis have demonstrated that these proteins are involved in classic oncogenic pathways. All of this evidence favors the idea of AURKA as a target for cancer therapy, and some small molecules targeting AURKA have been discovered. These AURKA inhibitors (AKIs) have been tested in preclinical studies, and some of them have been subjected to clinical trials as monotherapies or in combination with classic chemotherapy or other targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijuan Du
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China. .,China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, No. 127, Dongming Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, 450008, Henan, China.
| | - Chuntian Huang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China.,China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, No. 127, Dongming Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, 450008, Henan, China
| | - Kangdong Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China.,China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, No. 127, Dongming Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, 450008, Henan, China.,The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China. .,China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, No. 127, Dongming Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, 450008, Henan, China. .,The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Zigang Dong
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China. .,China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, No. 127, Dongming Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, 450008, Henan, China. .,The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China. .,College of medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China.
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Deshpande NU, Virmani M, Jayakannan M. An AIE-driven fluorescent polysaccharide polymersome as an enzyme-responsive FRET nanoprobe to study the real-time delivery aspects in live cells. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py01085e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
An enzyme-responsive FRET nanoprobe was designed and developed based on AIE-driven fluorescent polysaccharide polymersomes to study the real-time delivery aspects in the intracellular compartments in live cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilesh Umakant Deshpande
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER Pune)
- Pune 411008
- India
| | - Mishika Virmani
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER Pune)
- Pune 411008
- India
| | - Manickam Jayakannan
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER Pune)
- Pune 411008
- India
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Dai X, Ma B, Jiang P, Xu Z, Kong X, Sun X. Tenacigenin B Has Anti-Tumor Effect in Lymphoma by In Vitro and In Vivo Study. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:6563-6573. [PMID: 31473762 PMCID: PMC6738005 DOI: 10.12659/msm.916461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to examine the effects and mechanisms of tenacigenin B in lymphoma treatment by in vitro and in vivo experiment. Material/Methods Raji cells were treated by difference methods. Measuring the cell proliferation of difference groups was done by MTT assay; cell apoptosis and cell cycle of difference groups were evaluated by flow cytometer; relative mRNA expression was evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and relative protein expressions were measured by western blot assay in an in vitro study. In an in vivo study, we used a nude mice model to explore the anti-tumor effects and mechanism of tenacigenin B. Cell apoptosis was measured by TUNEL assay; relative protein expressions were evaluated by immunohistochemistry assay, and relative mRNA expression was evaluated by RT-PCR. In addition, the blood components of difference groups were measured. Results Compared with the Normal control group, the cell proliferation rate was significantly downregulated, with cell apoptosis significantly increasing with G1 phase in the Drug group and the si-Aurora-A group (P<0.05, respectively). The PTEN, PI3K, AKT, P53, and P21 mRNA and protein expressions of the Drug group, the si-Aurora-A group, and the si-Aurora-A+Drug group were significantly different (P<0.01, respectively), The tumor volume and weight of the Drug group, the si-Aurora-A group, and the si-Aurora-A+Drug group were significantly suppressed compared with the Normal group (P<0.01, respectively). The positive apoptosis cell number in the Drug group, the si-Aurora-A group, and si-Aurora-A+Drug group were increased compared with that of Normal group (P<0.01, respectively). Conclusions Tenacigenin B had anti-tumor effects on lymphoma via regulation of Aurora-A in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingbin Dai
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Bangyun Ma
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Pengjun Jiang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Zuqiong Xu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Xiangtu Kong
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Xuemei Sun
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
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Mu X, Gan S, Wang Y, Li H, Zhou G. Stimulus-responsive vesicular polymer nano-integrators for drug and gene delivery. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:5415-5434. [PMID: 31409996 PMCID: PMC6645615 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s203555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past two decades, nano-sized biosystems have increasingly been utilized to deliver various pharmaceutical agents to a specific region, organ or tissue for controllable precision therapy. Whether solid nanohydrogel, nanosphere, nanoparticle, nanosheet, micelles and lipoproteins, or "hollow" nanobubble, liposome, nanocapsule, and nanovesicle, all of them can exhibit outstanding loading and releasing capability as a drug vehicle - in particular polymeric nanovesicle, a microscopic hollow sphere that encloses a water core with a thin polymer membrane. Besides excellent stability, toughness and liposome-like compatibility, polymeric nanovesicles offer considerable scope for tailoring properties by changing their chemical structure, block lengths, stimulus-responsiveness and even conjugation with biomolecules. In this review, we summarize the latest advances in stimulus-responsive polymeric nanovesicles for biomedical applications. Different functionalized polymers are in development to construct more complex multiple responsive nanovesicles in delivery systems, medical imaging, biosensors and so on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Mu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology & Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou510006, People’s Republic of China
- National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou510006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shenglong Gan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology & Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou510006, People’s Republic of China
- National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou510006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yao Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology & Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou510006, People’s Republic of China
- National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou510006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology & Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou510006, People’s Republic of China
- National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou510006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guofu Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology & Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou510006, People’s Republic of China
- National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou510006, People’s Republic of China
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