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Zhou Q, Yang C, Lin P, Zhang Y, Zhao A, Zhang H, Ren Y, Long Z, Lu YQ, Xu T. Far-Field Phase-Shifting Structured Light Illumination Enabled by Polarization Multiplexing Metasurface for Super-Resolution Imaging. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:11036-11042. [PMID: 39185718 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c03142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
The phase-shifting structured light illumination technique is widely used in imaging but often relies on mechanical translation stages or spatial light modulators, leading to system instability, low displacement accuracy, and limited integration feasibility. In response to these challenges, we propose and demonstrate an approach for generating far-field phase-shifting structured light using a polarization multiplexing metasurface. By controlling the polarization states of incident and transmitted light, the metasurface creates a three-step displacement of structured light, eliminating the need to move samples or illumination sources. As a proof of concept, we experimentally demonstrate microscopic imaging using structured light illumination generated by metasurfaces, extracting high-frequency information from objects, and surpassing the diffraction limit. The proposed metasurface platform offers a promising approach for developing compact and robust phase-shifting imaging systems, with broad prospects in quantitative detection, machine vision, and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianwei Zhou
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Cheng Yang
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Peicheng Lin
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yanzeng Zhang
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Airong Zhao
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yongze Ren
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Zhongwen Long
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yan-Qing Lu
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Ting Xu
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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Zhao J, Zhang H, Chong MZ, Zhang YY, Zhang ZW, Zhang ZK, Du CH, Liu PK. Deep-Learning-Assisted Simultaneous Target Sensing and Super-Resolution Imaging. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:47669-47681. [PMID: 37755336 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c07812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Metasurfaces have recently experienced revolutionary progress in sensing and super-resolution imaging fields, mainly due to their manipulation of electromagnetic waves on subwavelength scales. However, on the one hand, the addition of metasurfaces can multiply the complexity of retrieving target information from detected electromagnetic fields. On the other hand, many existing studies utilize deep learning methods to provide compelling tools for electromagnetic problems but mainly concentrate on resolving one single function, limiting their versatilities. In this work, a multifunctional deep learning network is demonstrated to reconstruct diverse target information in a metasurface-target interactive system. First, a preliminary experiment verifies that the metasurface-involved scenario can tolerate the system noises. Then, the captured electric field distributions are fed into the multifunctional network, which can not only accurately sense the quantity and relative permittivity of targets but also generate super-resolution images precisely. The deep learning network, thus, paves an alternative way to recover the targets' information in metasurface-target interactive systems, accelerating the progression of target sensing and superimaging areas. Besides, another new network that allows forward electromagnetic prediction is also proposed and demonstrated. To sum up, the deep learning methodology may hold promise for inverse reconstructions or forward predictions in many electromagnetic scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Huangzhao Zhang
- School of Computer Science, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ming-Zhe Chong
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yue-Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zi-Wen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zong-Kun Zhang
- Laboratory of Electromagnetic and Microwave Technology, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Chao-Hai Du
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Pu-Kun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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3
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Cao Y, Yang S, Wang D, Wang J, Ye YH. Surface plasmon-enhanced dark-field microsphere-assisted microscopy. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:8641-8649. [PMID: 36859975 DOI: 10.1364/oe.484226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We present for the first time a surface plasmon-enhanced dark-field microsphere-assisted microscopy in imaging both low-contrast dielectric objects and metallic ones. We demonstrate, using an Al patch array as the substrate, the resolution and contrast in imaging low-contrast dielectric objects are improved compared to that of the metal plate substrate and a glass slide in dark-field microscopy (DFM). 365-nm-diameter hexagonally arranged SiO nanodots assembled on the three substrates can be resolved, with the contrast varied from 0.23 to 0.96, and the 300-nm-diameter hexagonally close-packed polystyrene nanoparticles can only be discerned on the Al patch array substrate. The resolution can be further improved by using the dark-field microsphere-assisted microscopy, and an Al nanodot array with a nanodot diameter of ∼65 nm and a center-to-center spacing of 125 nm can be just resolved, which cannot be distinguished in a conventional DFM. The focusing effect of the microsphere, as well as the excitation of the surface plasmons, provides evanescent illumination with enhanced local electric field (E-field) on an object. The enhanced local E-field acts as a near-field excitation source to enhance the scattering of the object, resulting in the improvement of imaging resolution.
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4
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Ke JC, Chen X, Tang W, Chen MZ, Zhang L, Wang L, Dai JY, Yang J, Zhang JW, Wu L, Cheng Q, Jin S, Cui TJ. Space-frequency-polarization-division multiplexed wireless communication system using anisotropic space-time-coding digital metasurface. Natl Sci Rev 2022; 9:nwac225. [PMID: 36452428 PMCID: PMC9701098 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwac225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In the past few years, wireless communications based on digital coding metasurfaces have gained research interest owing to their simplified architectures and low cost. However, in most of the metasurface-based wireless systems, a single-polarization scenario is used, limiting the channel capacities. To solve the problem, multiplexing methods have been adopted, but the system complexity is inevitably increased. Here, a space-frequency-polarization-division multiplexed wireless communication system is proposed using an anisotropic space-time-coding digital metasurface. By separately designing time-varying control voltage sequences for differently oriented varactor diodes integrated on the metasurface, we achieve frequency-polarization-division multiplexed modulations. By further introducing different time-delay gradients to the control voltage sequences in two polarization directions, we successfully obtain space-frequency-polarization-division multiplexed modulations to realize a wireless communication system with a new architecture. The new communication system is designed with compact dual-polarized meta-elements, and can improve channel capacity and space utilization. Experimental results demonstrate the high-performance and real-time transmission capability of the proposed communication system, confirming its potential application in multiple-user collaborative wireless communications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chen Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, Southeast University, Nanjing210096, China
- Institute of Electromagnetic Space, Southeast University, Nanjing210096,China
- Frontiers Science Center for Mobile Information Communication and Security, Southeast University, Nanjing210096, China
| | - Xiangyu Chen
- National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing210096, China
| | - Wankai Tang
- National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing210096, China
| | - Ming Zheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, Southeast University, Nanjing210096, China
- Institute of Electromagnetic Space, Southeast University, Nanjing210096,China
- Frontiers Science Center for Mobile Information Communication and Security, Southeast University, Nanjing210096, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, Southeast University, Nanjing210096, China
- Institute of Electromagnetic Space, Southeast University, Nanjing210096,China
- Frontiers Science Center for Mobile Information Communication and Security, Southeast University, Nanjing210096, China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, Southeast University, Nanjing210096, China
- Institute of Electromagnetic Space, Southeast University, Nanjing210096,China
- Frontiers Science Center for Mobile Information Communication and Security, Southeast University, Nanjing210096, China
| | - Jun Yan Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, Southeast University, Nanjing210096, China
- Institute of Electromagnetic Space, Southeast University, Nanjing210096,China
- Frontiers Science Center for Mobile Information Communication and Security, Southeast University, Nanjing210096, China
| | - Jin Yang
- SoutheastUniversity Wuxi Campus, Wuxi214061, China
| | - Jun Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, Southeast University, Nanjing210096, China
- Institute of Electromagnetic Space, Southeast University, Nanjing210096,China
- Frontiers Science Center for Mobile Information Communication and Security, Southeast University, Nanjing210096, China
| | - Lijie Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, Southeast University, Nanjing210096, China
- Institute of Electromagnetic Space, Southeast University, Nanjing210096,China
- Frontiers Science Center for Mobile Information Communication and Security, Southeast University, Nanjing210096, China
| | - Qiang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, Southeast University, Nanjing210096, China
- Institute of Electromagnetic Space, Southeast University, Nanjing210096,China
- Frontiers Science Center for Mobile Information Communication and Security, Southeast University, Nanjing210096, China
| | - Shi Jin
- National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing210096, China
| | - Tie Jun Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, Southeast University, Nanjing210096, China
- Institute of Electromagnetic Space, Southeast University, Nanjing210096,China
- Frontiers Science Center for Mobile Information Communication and Security, Southeast University, Nanjing210096, China
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Lu L, Wang C, Ngiejungbwen LA, Zhang L, Zhao T, Chen D, Ren X. Dynamically controlled nanofocusing metalens based on graphene-loaded aperiodic silica grating arrays. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:5304-5313. [PMID: 35209497 DOI: 10.1364/oe.451231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A new plasmonic nanofocusing metalens based on aperiodic silica grating arrays was designed and investigated. Assisted by the graphene surface plasmon, the infrared polarized light can be focused in a nanospot with a dynamically controlled focal length by varying the dielectric strip width or the graphene Fermi level Ef. For instance, with λ0 = 8 µm and Ef at 0.3, 0.6 and 0.9 eV, focal lengths of 4.5, 3.8 and 3.5 µm with its corresponding FWHM of 64, 232 and 320 nm, respectively, can be realized. The variation of the focusing efficiency with respect to the incident wavelength and the Fermi level were also investigated. The results of theoretical analysis based on light differential equations agree well with the finite element analysis simulation, which further validate the model.
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6
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Recent Progress in the Correlative Structured Illumination Microscopy. CHEMOSENSORS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors9120364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The super-resolution imaging technique of structured illumination microscopy (SIM) enables the mixing of high-frequency information into the optical transmission domain via light-source modulation, thus breaking the optical diffraction limit. Correlative SIM, which combines other techniques with SIM, offers more versatility or higher imaging resolution than traditional SIM. In this review, we first briefly introduce the imaging mechanism and development trends of conventional SIM. Then, the principles and recent developments of correlative SIM techniques are reviewed. Finally, the future development directions of SIM and its correlative microscopies are presented.
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Ren Y, Zhang J, Gao X, Zheng X, Liu X, Cui TJ. Active spoof plasmonics: from design to applications. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 34:053002. [PMID: 34673556 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac31f7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Spoof plasmonic metamaterials enable the transmission of electromagnetic energies with strong field confinement, opening new pathways to the miniaturization of devices for modern communications. The design of active, reconfigurable, and nonlinear devices for the efficient generation and guidance, dynamic modulation, and accurate detection of spoof surface plasmonic signals has become one of the major research directions in the field of spoof plasmonic metamaterials. In this article, we review recent progress in the studies on spoof surface plasmons with a special focus on the active spoof surface plasmonic devices and systems. Different design schemes are introduced, and the related applications including reconfigurable filters, high-resolution sensors for chemical and biological sensing, graphene-based attenuators, programmable and multi-functional devices, nonlinear devices, splitters, leaky-wave antennas and multi-scheme digital modulators are discussed. The presence of active SSPPs based on different design schemes makes it possible to dynamically control electromagnetic waves in real time. The promising future of active spoof plasmonic metamaterials in the communication systems is also speculated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ren
- Institute of Electromagnetic Space, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Institute of Electromagnetic Space, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinxin Gao
- Institute of Electromagnetic Space, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zheng
- Institute of Electromagnetic Space, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Liu
- Institute of Electromagnetic Space, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, People's Republic of China
| | - Tie Jun Cui
- Institute of Electromagnetic Space, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, People's Republic of China
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8
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Zhao J, Yin LZ, Han FY, Wang YD, Huang TJ, Du CH, Liu PK. Terahertz non-label subwavelength imaging with composite photonics-plasmonics structured illumination. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:36366-36378. [PMID: 34809048 DOI: 10.1364/oe.437544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by the capability of structured illumination microscopy (SIM) in subwavelength imaging, many researchers devoted themselves to investigating this methodology. However, due to the free-propagating feature of the traditional structured illumination fields, the resolution can be only improved up to two-fold of the diffraction-limited microscopy. Besides, most of the previous studies, relying on incoherent illumination sources, are restricted to fluorescent samples. In this work, a subwavelength non-fluorescent imaging method is proposed based on the illumination of terahertz traveling waves and plasmonics. Excited along with a metal grating, the spoof surface plasmons (SSPs) are employed as one of the illuminating sources. When the scattering waves with the SSPs illumination are captured, the sample's high-order spatial frequencies (SF) components are already encoded into the obtainable low-order ones. Then, a modified post-processing algorithm is exploited to shift the modulated SF components to their actual positions in the SF domain. In this manner, the fine information of samples is introduced to reconstruct the desired imaging, leading to an enhancement of the resolution up to 0.12λ0. Encouragingly, the resolution can be further enhanced by attaching extra illumination of SSPs with an elaborately selected frequency. This method holds promise for some important applications in terahertz non-fluorescent microscopy and sample detection with weak scattering.
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Spektor G, Prinz E, Hartelt M, Mahro AK, Aeschlimann M, Orenstein M. Orbital angular momentum multiplication in plasmonic vortex cavities. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/33/eabg5571. [PMID: 34380618 PMCID: PMC8357236 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abg5571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Orbital angular momentum of light is a core feature in photonics. Its confinement to surfaces using plasmonics has unlocked many phenomena and potential applications. Here, we introduce the reflection from structural boundaries as a new degree of freedom to generate and control plasmonic orbital angular momentum. We experimentally demonstrate plasmonic vortex cavities, generating a succession of vortex pulses with increasing topological charge as a function of time. We track the spatiotemporal dynamics of these angularly decelerating plasmon pulse train within the cavities for over 300 femtoseconds using time-resolved photoemission electron microscopy, showing that the angular momentum grows by multiples of the chiral order of the cavity. The introduction of this degree of freedom to tame orbital angular momentum delivered by plasmonic vortices could miniaturize pump probe-like quantum initialization schemes, increase the torque exerted by plasmonic tweezers, and potentially achieve vortex lattice cavities with dynamically evolving topology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grisha Spektor
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, 32000 Haifa, Israel.
- Time and Frequency Division, Associate of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO 80305, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Eva Prinz
- Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin Schroedinger Strasse 46, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Michael Hartelt
- Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin Schroedinger Strasse 46, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Anna-Katharina Mahro
- Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin Schroedinger Strasse 46, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Martin Aeschlimann
- Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin Schroedinger Strasse 46, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Meir Orenstein
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, 32000 Haifa, Israel
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10
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Prinz E, Spektor G, Hartelt M, Mahro AK, Aeschlimann M, Orenstein M. Functional Meta Lenses for Compound Plasmonic Vortex Field Generation and Control. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:3941-3946. [PMID: 33939433 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c00625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Surface plasmon polaritons carrying orbital angular momentum are of great fundamental and applied interest. However, common approaches for their generation are restricted to having a weak dependence on the properties of the plasmon-generating illumination, providing a limited degree of control over the amount of delivered orbital angular momentum. Here we experimentally show that by tailoring local and global geometries of vortex generators, a change in helicity of light imposes arbitrary large switching in the delivered plasmonic angular momentum. Using time-resolved photoemission electron microscopy we demonstrate pristine control over the generation and rotation direction of high-order plasmonic vortices. We generalize our approach to create complex topological fields and exemplify it by studying and controlling a "bright vortex", exhibiting the breakdown of a high-order vortex into a mosaic of unity-order vortices while maintaining the overall angular momentum density. Our results provide tools for plasmonic manipulation and could be utilized in lab-on-a-chip devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Prinz
- Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin Schroedinger Strasse 46, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Grisha Spektor
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, 32000 Haifa, Israel
| | - Michael Hartelt
- Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin Schroedinger Strasse 46, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Anna-Katharina Mahro
- Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin Schroedinger Strasse 46, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Martin Aeschlimann
- Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin Schroedinger Strasse 46, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Meir Orenstein
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, 32000 Haifa, Israel
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Liu H, Fu S, Li X, Zhou J, Wang Y, Zhang X, Liu Y. Plasmon-driven light harvesting in poly(vinyl alcohol) films for precise surface topography modulation. OPTICS LETTERS 2021; 46:1828-1831. [PMID: 33857080 DOI: 10.1364/ol.422176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Efficient light harvesting is essential for advanced photonic devices. Complex micro/nano surface relief structures can be produced via light-triggered mechanical movement, but limited in organic active molecular units. In this Letter, we propose to embed noble-metal particles into light-inactive polyvinyl alcohol matrix to construct a light harvesting system driven by plasmon for inscription of surface relief gratings. Ultra-small-sized silver nuclei are generated in the polymer by pre-thermal treatment, acting as an accelerator for the subsequent photoinduced particle growth, hydrogen group cleavage, and matrix softening. Based on such properties, a complex plasmonic array carrying ultra-high-density information is achieved with peristrophic multiplexing holography. This Letter paves a bright way to realize data storage, information encryption, and optical microcavity.
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12
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Liu Z, Feng W, Huang Z, Jay Guo L. Polarization-controlled efficient and unidirectional surface plasmon polariton excitation enabled by metagratings in a generalized Kretschmann configuration. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:3659-3668. [PMID: 33770961 DOI: 10.1364/oe.416057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we propose a generalized Kretschmann configuration that employs a metagrating to replace the prism, realizing polarization-controlled efficient and unidirectional surface plasmon polariton (SPP) excitation. This dielectric phase gradient metagrating on the top surface of a silica substrate is designed to deflect incident light, which subsequently launches SPP wave by means of momentum matching on the metal film coated on the bottom surface. A series of metagratings is designed to enable the SPP excitation by circularly or linearly polarized incident light. The flexibility and tunability of this design to efficiently control SPPs show potential to find wide applications in diverse integrated optics and SPP devices.
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13
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Qiang B, Yuan G, Zhao M, Liu H, Wang QJ, Wang Q. Far-field controllable excitation of phonon polariton via nanostructure engineering. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:39156-39164. [PMID: 33379471 DOI: 10.1364/oe.410253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) as a natural mid-infrared (mid-IR) hyperbolic material which supports a strong excitation of phonon polariton (PhP) has enabled a new class of photonic devices with unprecedented functionalities. The hyperbolic property of h-BN has not only brought in new physical insights but also spurred potential applications. However, most of the current h-BN devices are designed repying on near-field excitation and manipulation of PhP. For fully realizing the potentials of h-BN, research on far-field controllable excitation and control of PhP is important for future integrated photonic devices. In this work, we exploit the designs of controllable far-field excitation of PhP in nanostructure-patterned h-BN thin film for deep subwavelength focusing (FWHM∼λ0/14.9) and interference patterns of 1D (FWHM∼λ0/52) and 2D standing waves (FWHM∼λ0/36.8) which find great potential for super-resolution imaging beyond diffraction limit. These polaritonic patterns could be easily tuned remotely by manipulating the polarization and phase of incident laser. This approach provides a novel platform for practical IR nanophotonic devices and potential applications in mid-IR bio-imaging and sensing.
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