1
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Tong J, Fu Y, Domaretskiy D, Della Pia F, Dagar P, Powell L, Bahamon D, Huang S, Xin B, Costa Filho RN, Vega LF, Grigorieva IV, Peeters FM, Michaelides A, Lozada-Hidalgo M. Control of proton transport and hydrogenation in double-gated graphene. Nature 2024; 630:619-624. [PMID: 38898294 PMCID: PMC11186788 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07435-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
The basal plane of graphene can function as a selective barrier that is permeable to protons1,2 but impermeable to all ions3,4 and gases5,6, stimulating its use in applications such as membranes1,2,7,8, catalysis9,10 and isotope separation11,12. Protons can chemically adsorb on graphene and hydrogenate it13,14, inducing a conductor-insulator transition that has been explored intensively in graphene electronic devices13-17. However, both processes face energy barriers1,12,18 and various strategies have been proposed to accelerate proton transport, for example by introducing vacancies4,7,8, incorporating catalytic metals1,19 or chemically functionalizing the lattice18,20. But these techniques can compromise other properties, such as ion selectivity21,22 or mechanical stability23. Here we show that independent control of the electric field, E, at around 1 V nm-1, and charge-carrier density, n, at around 1 × 1014 cm-2, in double-gated graphene allows the decoupling of proton transport from lattice hydrogenation and can thereby accelerate proton transport such that it approaches the limiting electrolyte current for our devices. Proton transport and hydrogenation can be driven selectively with precision and robustness, enabling proton-based logic and memory graphene devices that have on-off ratios spanning orders of magnitude. Our results show that field effects can accelerate and decouple electrochemical processes in double-gated 2D crystals and demonstrate the possibility of mapping such processes as a function of E and n, which is a new technique for the study of 2D electrode-electrolyte interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Tong
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - Y Fu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - D Domaretskiy
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - F Della Pia
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - P Dagar
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - L Powell
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - D Bahamon
- Research and Innovation Center on CO2 and Hydrogen (RICH Center) and Chemical Engineering Department, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Research and Innovation Center for Graphene and 2D materials (RIC2D), Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - S Huang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - B Xin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - R N Costa Filho
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - L F Vega
- Research and Innovation Center on CO2 and Hydrogen (RICH Center) and Chemical Engineering Department, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Research and Innovation Center for Graphene and 2D materials (RIC2D), Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - I V Grigorieva
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - F M Peeters
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Departement Fysica, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - A Michaelides
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - M Lozada-Hidalgo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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2
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Zhang S, Wang J, Yaroshchuk A, Du Q, Xin P, Bruening ML, Xia F. Addressing Challenges in Ion-Selectivity Characterization in Nanopores. J Am Chem Soc 2024. [PMID: 38606686 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c00603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Ion selectivity is the basis for designing smart nanopore/channel-based devices, e.g., ion separators and biosensors. Quantitative characterization of ion selectivities in nanopores often employs the Nernst or Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz (GHK) equation to interpret transmembrane potentials. However, the direction of the measured transmembrane potential drop is not specified in these equations, and selectivity values calculated using absolute values of transmembrane potentials do not directly reveal the ion for which the membrane is selective. Moreover, researchers arbitrarily choose whether to use the Nernst or GHK equation and overlook the significant differences between them, leading to ineffective quantitative comparisons between studies. This work addresses these challenges through (a) specifying the transmembrane potential (sign) and salt concentrations in terms of working and reference electrodes and the solutions in which they reside when using the Nernst and GHK equations, (b) reporting of both Nernst-selectivity and GHK-selectivity along with solution compositions and transmembrane potentials when comparing different nanopores/channels, and (c) performing simulations to define an ideal selectivity for nanochannels. Experimental and modeling studies provide significant insight into these fundamental equations and guidelines for the development of nanopore/channel-based devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouwei Zhang
- National Local Joint Laboratory for Advanced Textile Processing and Clean Production, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Jinfeng Wang
- National Local Joint Laboratory for Advanced Textile Processing and Clean Production, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Andriy Yaroshchuk
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnic University of Catalonia-Barcelona Tech, Avenida Diagonal 647, Barcelona 08028, Spain
- ICREA, pg.L.Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Qiujiao Du
- School of Mathematics and Physics, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Pengyang Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Pingyuan Laboratory, NMPA (National Medical Products Administration) Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Merlin L Bruening
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Fan Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
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3
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Liu Y, Zhang S, Song R, Zeng H, Wang L. Preanchoring Enabled Directional Modification of Atomically Thin Membrane for High-Performance Osmotic Energy Generation. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:26-34. [PMID: 38117701 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Salinity gradient energy is an environmentally friendly energy source that possesses potential to meet the growing global energy demand. Although covalently modified nanoporous graphene membranes are prospective candidates to break the trade-off between ion selectivity and permeability, the random reaction sites and inevitable defects during modification reduce the reaction efficiency and energy conversion performance. Here, we developed a preanchoring method to achieve directional modification near the graphene nanopores periphery. Numerical simulation revealed that the improved surface charge density around nanopores results in exceptional K+/Cl- selectivity and osmotic energy conversion performance, which agreed well with experimental results. Ionic transport measurements showed that the directionally modified graphene membranes achieved an outstanding power density of 81.6 W m-2 with an energy conversion efficiency of 35.4% under a 100-fold salinity gradient, outperforming state-of-the-art graphene-based nanoporous membranes. This work provided a facile approach for precise modification of nanoporous graphene membranes and opened up new ways for osmotic power harvesting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuancheng Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, School of Integrated Circuits, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Shengping Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, School of Integrated Circuits, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute, Beijing, China 100095, China
| | - Ruiyang Song
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, School of Integrated Circuits, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Haiou Zeng
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, School of Integrated Circuits, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Luda Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, School of Integrated Circuits, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute, Beijing, China 100095, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Integrated Circuits, Beijing, China 100871, China
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4
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Rethinasabapathy M, Ghoreishian SM, Hwang SK, Han YK, Roh C, Huh YS. Recent Progress in Functional Nanomaterials towards the Storage, Separation, and Removal of Tritium. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2301589. [PMID: 37435972 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202301589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Tritium is a sustainable next-generation prime fuel for generating nuclear energy through fusion reactions to fulfill the increasing global energy demand. Owing to the scarcity-high demand tradeoff, tritium must be bred inside a fusion reactor to ensure sustainability and must therefore be separated from its isotopes (protium and deuterium) in pure form, stored safely, and supplied on demand. Existing multistage isotope separation technologies exhibit low separation efficiency and require intensive energy inputs and large capital investments. Furthermore, tritium-contaminated heavy water constitutes a major fraction of nuclear waste, and accidents like the one at Fukushima Daiichi leave behind thousands of tons of diluted tritiated water, whose removal is beneficial from an environmental point of view. In this review, the recent progress and main research trends in hydrogen isotope storage and separation by focusing on the use of metal hydride (e.g., intermetallic, and high-entropy alloys), porous (e.g., zeolites and metal organic frameworks (MOFs)), and 2-D layered (e.g., graphene, hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), and MXenes) materials to separate and store tritium based on their diverse functionalities are discussed. Finally, the challenges and future directions for implementing tritium storage and separation are summarized in the reviewed materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muruganantham Rethinasabapathy
- NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Department of Biological Science and Bioengineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Seung-Kyu Hwang
- NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Department of Biological Science and Bioengineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Kyu Han
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul, 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Changhyun Roh
- Decommissioning Technology Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Daejeon, 34057, Republic of Korea
- Nuclear Science and Technology, Quantum Energy Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Suk Huh
- NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Department of Biological Science and Bioengineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
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Guo Y, Wei J, Ying Y, Liu Y, Zhou W, Yu Q. Recent Progress of Crystalline Porous Frameworks for Intermediate-Temperature Proton Conduction. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:11166-11187. [PMID: 37533296 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Proton exchange membranes (PEMs), especially for work under intermediate temperatures (100-200 °C), have attracted great interest because of the high CO toleration and facial water management of the corresponding proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). Traditional polymer PEMs faced challenges of low stability and proton carrier leaking. Crystalline porous materials, such as metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs), are promising to overcome these issues contributed by nanometer-sized channels. Herein we summarized the recent development of MOF/COF-based intermediate-temperature proton conductors. The strategies of framework engineering and pore impregnation were introduced in detail for raising proton conductivity. The proton-conducting mechanism was described as well. This spotlight will provide new insight into the fabrication of MOF/COF proton conductors under intermediate-temperature and anhydrous conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Guo
- Institute for Energy Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China
| | - Junsheng Wei
- Institute for Energy Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China
| | - Yulong Ying
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Yu Liu
- Institute for Energy Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China
| | - Weiqiang Zhou
- Institute for Energy Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China
| | - Qing Yu
- Institute for Energy Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China
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6
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Zhang X, Wang H, Xiao T, Chen X, Li W, Xu Y, Lin J, Wang Z, Peng H, Zhang S. Hydrogen Isotope Separation Using Graphene-Based Membranes in Liquid Water. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:4975-4983. [PMID: 36995779 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c03453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen isotope separation has been effectively achieved electrochemically by passage of gaseous H2/D2 through graphene/Nafion composite membranes. Nevertheless, deuteron nearly does not exist in the form of gaseous D2 in nature but as liquid water. Thus, it is a more feasible way to separate and enrich deuterium from water. Herein, we have successfully transferred monolayer graphene to a rigid and porous polymer substrate, PITEM (polyimide track-etched membrane), which could avoid the swelling problem of the Nafion substrate as well as keep the integrity of graphene. Meanwhile, defects in the large area of CVD graphene could be successfully repaired by interfacial polymerization resulting in a high separation factor. Moreover, a new model was proposed for the proton transport mechanism through monolayer graphene based on the kinetic isotope effect (KIE). In this model, graphene plays a significant role in the H/D separation process by completely breaking the O-H/O-D bond, which can maximize the KIE, leading to increased H/D separation performance. This work suggests a promising application for using monolayer graphene in the industry and proposes a pronounced understanding of proton transport in graphene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangrui Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Hequn Wang
- Beijing Graphene Institute, Beijing 100095, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering & Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Tiantian Xiao
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xiaoyi Chen
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Wen Li
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
- Beijing Graphene Institute, Beijing 100095, P. R. China
| | - Yihan Xu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jianlong Lin
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering & Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Hailin Peng
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
- Beijing Graphene Institute, Beijing 100095, P. R. China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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7
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Qian Y, Wu Y, Qiu S, He X, Liu Y, Kong X, Tian W, Jiang L, Wen L. A Bioinspired Free‐Standing 2D Crown‐Ether‐Based Polyimine Membrane for Selective Proton Transport. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202300167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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8
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Huang Z, Ying Z, Li R, Sun W, Zhang H, Wang Z, Shi L, Chen X. Sub-two-micron ultrathin proton exchange membrane with reinforced mechanical strength. POLYMER 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2023.125829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
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9
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Kim S, Lee YM. Two-dimensional nanosheets and membranes for their emerging technologies. Curr Opin Chem Eng 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coche.2022.100893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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10
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Leong IW, Tsutsui M, Yokota K, Murayama S, Taniguchi M. Regulating Nonlinear Ion Transport through a Solid-State Pore by Partial Surface Coatings. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:6123-6132. [PMID: 36661232 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c19485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Using functional nanofluidic devices to manipulate ion transport allows us to explore the nanoscale development of blue energy harvesters and iontronic building blocks. Herein, we report on a method to alter the nonlinear ionic current through a pore by partial dielectric coatings. A variety of dielectric materials are examined on both the inner and outer surfaces of the channel with four different patterns of coated or uncoated surfaces. Through controlling the specific part of the surface charge, the pore can behave like a resistor, diode, and bipolar junction transistor. We use numerical simulations to find out the reason for the asymmetric ion transport in the pore and illustrate the relationship between specifically charged surfaces and electroosmotic flow. These findings help understand the role of the corresponding surface composition in ion transport, which provides a direct approach to modify the electroosmotic-flow-driven ionic current rectification in the channel-based device via dielectric coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iat Wai Leong
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Makusu Tsutsui
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Kazumichi Yokota
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0395, Japan
| | - Sanae Murayama
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Masateru Taniguchi
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
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11
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Moehring NK, Chaturvedi P, Cheng P, Ko W, Li AP, Boutilier MSH, Kidambi PR. Kinetic Control of Angstrom-Scale Porosity in 2D Lattices for Direct Scalable Synthesis of Atomically Thin Proton Exchange Membranes. ACS NANO 2022; 16:16003-16018. [PMID: 36201748 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c03730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Angstrom-scale pores introduced into atomically thin 2D materials offer transformative advances for proton exchange membranes in several energy applications. Here, we show that facile kinetic control of scalable chemical vapor deposition (CVD) can allow for direct formation of angstrom-scale proton-selective pores in monolayer graphene with significant hindrance to even small, hydrated ions (K+ diameter ∼6.6 Å) and gas molecules (H2 kinetic diameter ∼2.9 Å). We demonstrate centimeter-scale Nafion|Graphene|Nafion membranes with proton conductance ∼3.3-3.8 S cm-2 (graphene ∼12.7-24.6 S cm-2) and H+/K+ selectivity ∼6.2-44.2 with liquid electrolytes. The same membranes show proton conductance ∼4.6-4.8 S cm-2 (graphene ∼39.9-57.5 S cm-2) and extremely low H2 crossover ∼1.7 × 10-1 - 2.2 × 10-1 mA cm-2 (∼0.4 V, ∼25 °C) with H2 gas feed. We rationalize our findings via a resistance-based transport model and introduce a stacking approach that leverages combinatorial effects of interdefect distance and interlayer transport to allow for Nafion|Graphene|Graphene|Nafion membranes with H+/K+ selectivity ∼86.1 (at 1 M) and record low H2 crossover current density ∼2.5 × 10-2 mA cm-2, up to ∼90% lower than state-of-the-art ionomer Nafion membranes ∼2.7 × 10-1 mA cm-2 under identical conditions, while still maintaining proton conductance ∼4.2 S cm-2 (graphene stack ∼20.8 S cm-2) comparable to that for Nafion of ∼5.2 S cm-2. Our experimental insights enable functional atomically thin high flux proton exchange membranes with minimal crossover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole K Moehring
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Materials Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee37235, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee37212, United States
- Vanderbilt Institute of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Nashville, Tennessee37212, United States
| | - Pavan Chaturvedi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee37212, United States
- Vanderbilt Institute of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Nashville, Tennessee37212, United States
| | - Peifu Cheng
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee37212, United States
- Vanderbilt Institute of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Nashville, Tennessee37212, United States
| | - Wonhee Ko
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee37831, United States
| | - An-Ping Li
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee37831, United States
| | - Michael S H Boutilier
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Western University, London, OntarioN6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Piran R Kidambi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee37212, United States
- Vanderbilt Institute of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Nashville, Tennessee37212, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee37212, United States
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12
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Wang C, Li Y, Wang H, Wang Y, Chen X, Li C, Sun M, Chen J. High performance polyamide crosslinked graphene oxide/MPNs nanofiltration membrane for wastewater purification. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.120798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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13
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Liu Y, Ma S, Rosebrock M, Rusch P, Barnscheidt Y, Wu C, Nan P, Bettels F, Lin Z, Li T, Ge B, Bigall NC, Pfnür H, Ding F, Zhang C, Zhang L. Tungsten Nanoparticles Accelerate Polysulfides Conversion: A Viable Route toward Stable Room-Temperature Sodium-Sulfur Batteries. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2105544. [PMID: 35132807 PMCID: PMC9008787 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202105544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Room-temperature sodium-sulfur (RT Na-S) batteries are arousing great interest in recent years. Their practical applications, however, are hindered by several intrinsic problems, such as the sluggish kinetic, shuttle effect, and the incomplete conversion of sodium polysulfides (NaPSs). Here a sulfur host material that is based on tungsten nanoparticles embedded in nitrogen-doped graphene is reported. The incorporation of tungsten nanoparticles significantly accelerates the polysulfides conversion (especially the reduction of Na2 S4 to Na2 S, which contributes to 75% of the full capacity) and completely suppresses the shuttle effect, en route to a fully reversible reaction of NaPSs. With a host weight ratio of only 9.1% (about 3-6 times lower than that in recent reports), the cathode shows unprecedented electrochemical performances even at high sulfur mass loadings. The experimental findings, which are corroborated by the first-principles calculations, highlight the so far unexplored role of tungsten nanoparticles in sulfur hosts, thus pointing to a viable route toward stable Na-S batteries at room temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Liu
- Institute of Solid State PhysicsLeibniz University HannoverHannover30167Germany
- Laboratory of Nano and Quantum Engineering (LNQE)Leibniz University HannoverHannover30167Germany
| | - Shuangying Ma
- Institute for Advanced StudyChengdu UniversityChengdu610100P. R. China
- SPECCEACNRSUniversité Paris‐SaclayCEA SaclayCedex Gif‐sur‐Yvette91191France
| | - Marina Rosebrock
- Laboratory of Nano and Quantum Engineering (LNQE)Leibniz University HannoverHannover30167Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and ElectrochemistryLeibniz University HannoverHannover30167Germany
| | - Pascal Rusch
- Laboratory of Nano and Quantum Engineering (LNQE)Leibniz University HannoverHannover30167Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and ElectrochemistryLeibniz University HannoverHannover30167Germany
| | - Yvo Barnscheidt
- Institute of Electronic Materials and DevicesLeibniz University HannoverHannover30167Germany
| | - Chuanqiang Wu
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui ProvinceKey Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of EducationInstitutes of Physical Science and Information TechnologyAnhui UniversityHefei230601China
| | - Pengfei Nan
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui ProvinceKey Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of EducationInstitutes of Physical Science and Information TechnologyAnhui UniversityHefei230601China
| | - Frederik Bettels
- Institute of Solid State PhysicsLeibniz University HannoverHannover30167Germany
- Laboratory of Nano and Quantum Engineering (LNQE)Leibniz University HannoverHannover30167Germany
| | - Zhihua Lin
- Institute of Solid State PhysicsLeibniz University HannoverHannover30167Germany
- Laboratory of Nano and Quantum Engineering (LNQE)Leibniz University HannoverHannover30167Germany
| | - Taoran Li
- Institute of Solid State PhysicsLeibniz University HannoverHannover30167Germany
- Laboratory of Nano and Quantum Engineering (LNQE)Leibniz University HannoverHannover30167Germany
| | - Binghui Ge
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui ProvinceKey Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of EducationInstitutes of Physical Science and Information TechnologyAnhui UniversityHefei230601China
| | - Nadja C. Bigall
- Laboratory of Nano and Quantum Engineering (LNQE)Leibniz University HannoverHannover30167Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and ElectrochemistryLeibniz University HannoverHannover30167Germany
- Cluster of Excellence PhoenixDLeibniz University HannoverHannover30167Germany
| | - Herbert Pfnür
- Institute of Solid State PhysicsLeibniz University HannoverHannover30167Germany
- Laboratory of Nano and Quantum Engineering (LNQE)Leibniz University HannoverHannover30167Germany
| | - Fei Ding
- Institute of Solid State PhysicsLeibniz University HannoverHannover30167Germany
- Laboratory of Nano and Quantum Engineering (LNQE)Leibniz University HannoverHannover30167Germany
| | - Chaofeng Zhang
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui ProvinceKey Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of EducationInstitutes of Physical Science and Information TechnologyAnhui UniversityHefei230601China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Institute of Solid State PhysicsLeibniz University HannoverHannover30167Germany
- Laboratory of Nano and Quantum Engineering (LNQE)Leibniz University HannoverHannover30167Germany
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14
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Jiang Y, Ma J, Yang C, Hu S. One-Atom-Thick Crystals as Emerging Proton Sieves. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:12376-12383. [PMID: 34939819 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c03793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) crystals, despite their atomic thickness, have long been considered as impermeable membranes to all molecules and atoms under ambient conditions: even the smallest of atoms, hydrogen, is expected to take billions of years to penetrate the 2D lattice covered with dense electron clouds. Recently it has been found that monolayer graphene, hexagonal boron nitride, and some other one-atom-thick crystals are highly permeable to protons, raising fundamental questions about the details of the transport process. In this Perspective, we review the mechanism of proton transport through 2D crystals and the related room-temperature quantum effects; the potential applications of 2D membranes in proton-related separation and sieving techniques, including proton exchange membranes and hydrogen isotope separation; and factors that enhance proton permeation and in turn influence 2D membrane design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P.R. China
| | - Jiaojiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P.R. China
| | - Chongyang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P.R. China
| | - Sheng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P.R. China
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15
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Kidambi PR, Chaturvedi P, Moehring NK. Subatomic species transport through atomically thin membranes: Present and future applications. Science 2021; 374:eabd7687. [PMID: 34735245 DOI: 10.1126/science.abd7687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Piran R Kidambi
- Department of Chemical and Bimolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.,Vanderbilt Institute of Nanoscale Sciences and Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.,Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Material Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Pavan Chaturvedi
- Department of Chemical and Bimolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Nicole K Moehring
- Vanderbilt Institute of Nanoscale Sciences and Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.,Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Material Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
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