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Zhang W, Lucier BEG, Terskikh VV, Chen S, Huang Y. Understanding Cu(i) local environments in MOFs via63/65Cu NMR spectroscopy. Chem Sci 2024; 15:6690-6706. [PMID: 38725502 PMCID: PMC11077522 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc00782d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The field of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) includes a vast number of hybrid organic and inorganic porous materials with wide-ranging applications. In particular, the Cu(i) ion exhibits rich coordination chemistry in MOFs and can exist in two-, three-, and four-coordinate environments, which gives rise to many structural motifs and potential applications. Direct characterization of the structurally and chemically important Cu(i) local environments is essential for understanding the sources of specific MOF properties. For the first time, 63/65Cu solid-state NMR has been used to investigate a variety of Cu(i) sites and local coordination geometries in Cu MOFs. This approach is a sensitive probe of the local Cu environment, particularly when combined with density functional theory calculations. A wide range of structurally-dependent 63/65Cu NMR parameters have been observed, including 65Cu quadrupolar coupling constants ranging from 18.8 to 74.8 MHz. Using the data from this and prior studies, a correlation between Cu quadrupolar coupling constants, Cu coordination number, and local Cu coordination geometry has been established. Links between DFT-calculated and experimental Cu NMR parameters are also presented. Several case studies illustrate the feasibility of 63/65Cu NMR for investigating and resolving inequivalent Cu sites, monitoring MOF phase changes, interrogating the Cu oxidation number, and characterizing the product of a MOF chemical reaction involving Cu(ii) reduction to Cu(i). A convenient avenue to acquire accurate 65Cu NMR spectra and NMR parameters from Cu(i) MOFs at a widely accessible magnetic field of 9.4 T is described, with a demonstrated practical application for tracking Cu(i) coordination evolution during MOF anion exchange. This work showcases the power of 63/65Cu solid-state NMR spectroscopy and DFT calculations for molecular-level characterization of Cu(i) centers in MOFs, along with the potential of this protocol for investigating a wide variety of MOF structural changes and processes important for practical applications. This approach has broad applications for examining Cu(i) centers in other weight-dilute systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanli Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario 1151 Richmond Street London Ontario N6A 5B7 Canada
| | - Bryan E G Lucier
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario 1151 Richmond Street London Ontario N6A 5B7 Canada
| | - Victor V Terskikh
- Metrology, National Research Council Canada Ottawa Ontario K1A 0R6 Canada
| | - Shoushun Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Yining Huang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario 1151 Richmond Street London Ontario N6A 5B7 Canada
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2
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Wu ZY, Yu MX, Zhang ZQ, Jiang JX, Liu T, Jiang FL, Chen L, Hong MC. 1D Cu(I)-based chiral organic-inorganic hybrid material with second harmonic generation and circular polarized luminescence. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:7315-7320. [PMID: 38590209 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00735b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, organic-inorganic hybrid materials have demonstrated exceptional performance in nonlinear optics, attracting widespread attention. However, there are relatively few examples of coordination compounds synthesized with Cu as the metal center that exhibit excellent nonlinear optical properties. In this study, we successfully synthesized a pair of enantiomers named R/S-Cu2I2 by reacting chiral ligands with CuI. The crystal structure reveals a one-dimensional copper-iodide chain structure built by Cu2I2 clusters, and its ordered arrangement in space provides not only a strong second harmonic generation (SHG) signal (1.24 × KDP) but also a large birefringence (0.15@1064 nm). Under excitation at 395 nm, the crystals exhibit red fluorescence peaked at 675 nm. The CD spectra of R/S-Cu2I2 show a distinct mirror-symmetric Cotton effect, and their CPL signals are corresponding and opposite in the emission range, with a maximum glum of approximately ±2.5 × 10-3. Theoretical calculations using density functional theory were also carried out to enhance our understanding of the correlation between their structures and optical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yuan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
- Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Mu-Xin Yu
- Organic Optoelectronics Engineering Research Center of Fujian's Universities, College of Electronics and Information Science, Fujian Jiangxia University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Zi-Qing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
| | - Jia-Xin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
| | - Ting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
| | - Fei-Long Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
| | - Lian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
| | - Mao-Chun Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
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3
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Li M, Guo J, Zhang C, Che Y, Yi Y, Liu B. Uniform Colloidal Polymer Rods by Stabilizer-Assisted Liquid-Crystallization-Driven Self-Assembly. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202309914. [PMID: 37837298 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202309914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of anisotropic colloidal building blocks is essential for their self-assembly into hierarchical materials. Here, a highly efficient stabilizer-assisted liquid-crystallization-driven self-assembly (SA-LCDSA) strategy was developed to achieve monodisperse colloidal polymer rods. This strategy does not require the use of block copolymers, but only homopolymers or random copolymers. The resulting rods have tunable size and aspect ratios, as well as well-defined columnar liquid crystal structures. The integrated triphenylene units enable the rods to exhibit unusual photo-induced fluorescence enhancement and accompanying irradiation memory effect, which, as demonstrated, are attractive for information encryption/decryption of paper documents. In particular, unwanted document decryption during delivery can be examined by fluorescence kinetics. This SA-LCDSA-based approach can be extended to synthesize other functional particles with desired π-molecular units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minchao Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100149, China
| | - Jin Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Chuang Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yanke Che
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yuanping Yi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100149, China
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4
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Wang FF, Zhang Y, Zhao T, Feng PF, Lu Z, Zang SQ, Mak TCW. Photoluminescence Anisotropy in Eutectic Crystals of Polynuclear Lanthanide Complexes and Silver Clusters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202305693. [PMID: 37392153 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202305693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Anisotropy is an intrinsic property of crystalline materials. However, the photoluminescence anisotropy in eutectic crystals of organometallic complexes has remained unexplored. Herein, the eutectic of polynuclear lanthanide complexes and Ag clusters was prepared, and the crystal shows significant photoluminescence anisotropy. The polarization anisotropy of emission δ and degree of excitation polarization P are 2.62 and 0.53, respectively. The rare excitation polarization properties have been proved to be related to the regular arrangement of electric transition dipole moments of luminescent molecules in the crystal. Our design provides a reference for developing new photoluminescence anisotropy materials and expanding their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Fan Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Crystalline Molecular Functional Materials, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Tumor Theranostical Cluster Materials, Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yuchen Zhang
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials Institution, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Teng Zhao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Crystalline Molecular Functional Materials, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Tumor Theranostical Cluster Materials, Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Peng-Fei Feng
- Henan Key Laboratory of Crystalline Molecular Functional Materials, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Tumor Theranostical Cluster Materials, Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Zhenda Lu
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials Institution, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Shuang-Quan Zang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Crystalline Molecular Functional Materials, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Tumor Theranostical Cluster Materials, Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Thomas C W Mak
- Henan Key Laboratory of Crystalline Molecular Functional Materials, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Tumor Theranostical Cluster Materials, Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Novel Functional Molecules, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
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5
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Li T, Zhu H, Wu Z. Viewing Aggregation-Induced Emission of Metal Nanoclusters from Design Strategies to Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:nano13030470. [PMID: 36770433 PMCID: PMC9921787 DOI: 10.3390/nano13030470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Aggregation-induced emission (AIE)-type metal nanoclusters (NCs) represent an innovative type of luminescent metal NCs whose aggregates exhibit superior performance over that of individuals, attracting wide attention over the past decade. Here, we give a concise overview of the progress made in this area, from design strategies to applications. The representative design strategies, including solvent-induction, cation-induction, crystallization-induction, pH-induction, ligand inheritance, surface constraint, and minerals- and MOF-confinement, are first discussed. We then present the typical practical applications of AIE-type metal NCs in the various sectors of bioimaging, biological diagnosis and therapy (e.g., antibacterial agents, cancer radiotherapy), light-emitting diodes (LEDs), detection assays, and circularly polarized luminescence (CPL). To this end, we present our viewpoints on the promises and challenges of AIE-type metal NCs, which may shed light on the design of highly luminescent metal NCs, stimulating new vitality and serving as a continuous boom for the metal NC community in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin Jianzhu University, Changchun 130018, China
| | - Haifeng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Zhennan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
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Li Z, Ma D, Xu F, Dan T, Gong Z, Shao J, Zhao YS, Yao J, Zhong Y. Selective, Anisotropic, or Consistent Polarized‐Photon Out‐Coupling of 2D Organic Microcrystals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202205033. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202205033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhong‐Qiu Li
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Chemical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Dian‐Xue Ma
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Chemical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Fa‐Feng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Ti‐Xiong Dan
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Chemical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Zhong‐Liang Gong
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Jiang‐Yang Shao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Yong Sheng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Chemical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Jiannian Yao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Chemical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Yu‐Wu Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Chemical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
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7
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Li ZQ, Ma DX, Xu FF, Dan TX, Gong ZL, Shao JY, Zhao YS, Yao J, Zhong YW. Selective, Anisotropic, or Consistent Polarized‐Photon Out‐Coupling of 2D Organic Microcrystals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202205033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Qiu Li
- Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Laboratory of Photochemistry CHINA
| | - Dian-Xue Ma
- Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Laboratory of Photochemistry CHINA
| | - Fa-Feng Xu
- Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Laboratory of Photochemistry CHINA
| | - Ti-Xiong Dan
- Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Laboratory of Photochemistry CHINA
| | - Zhong-Liang Gong
- Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Laboratory of Photochemistry CHINA
| | - Jiang-Yang Shao
- Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Laboratory of Photochemistry CHINA
| | - Yong Sheng Zhao
- Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Laboratory of Photochemistry CHINA
| | - Jiannian Yao
- Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Laboratory of Photochemistry CHINA
| | - Yu-Wu Zhong
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Chemistry 2 Bei Yi Jie, Zhong Guan Cun 100190 Beijing CHINA
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8
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Hei X, Fang Y, Teat SJ, Farrington C, Bonite M, Li J. Copper(I) iodide-based organic–inorganic hybrid compounds as phosphor materials. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR NATURFORSCHUNG SECTION B-A JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/znb-2021-0126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Two photoluminescent copper(I) iodide inorganic-organic hybrid materials have been synthesized and structurally characterized as 1D-Cu2I2(bpoe)2 (1) and 1D-Cu2I2(bbtpe-m)2 (2) (bpoe = 1,2-bis(pyridin-3-yloxy)ethane, bbtpe-m = 1,1′-(3-methylpentane-1,5-diyl)bis(1H-benzo[1,2,3]triazole). Both are chain-like structures composed of Cu2I2 rhomboid dimers connected by bidentate ligands. Their emission colors range from cyan to yellow with relatively high internal quantum yields in the solid state. The tunable band gap and emission color is achieved by varying the LUMO energies of the ligands. The structures are robust and remain stable up to T = 260 °C, and coupled with their efficient and adjustable luminescence, facile synthesis, and non-toxic nature, these compounds demonstrate potential as rare earth element (REE)-free phosphors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuze Hei
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , Rutgers University , Piscataway , NJ 08854 , USA
| | - Yang Fang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , Rutgers University , Piscataway , NJ 08854 , USA
| | - Simon J. Teat
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley , CA 94720 , USA
| | - Colin Farrington
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , Rutgers University , Piscataway , NJ 08854 , USA
| | - Megan Bonite
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , Rutgers University , Piscataway , NJ 08854 , USA
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , Rutgers University , Piscataway , NJ 08854 , USA
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9
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Wang JJ, Zhou HT, Yang JN, Feng LZ, Yao JS, Song KH, Zhou MM, Jin S, Zhang G, Yao HB. Chiral Phosphine-Copper Iodide Hybrid Cluster Assemblies for Circularly Polarized Luminescence. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:10860-10864. [PMID: 34279083 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c05476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Chiral chromophores and their ordered assemblies are intriguing for yielding circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) and exploring intrinsic structure-light emission relationships. With the extensively studied chiral organic molecules and inorganic nanoparticle assemblies for the amplified CPL, the assemblies of copper halide hybrid clusters have attracted intensive attention due to their potential efficient CPL. Here, we report robust chiral phosphine-copper iodide hybrid clusters and their layered assemblies in crystalline states for amplified CPL. We reveal that the intermolecular interactions endow the clusters with the capability of assembling into chiral crystalline CPL materials, including hexagonal platelet-shaped microcrystals (glum ≈ 9.5 × 10-3) and highly oriented crystalline films (glum ≈ 5 × 10-3). Owing to the high crystalline feature of the thin film, we demonstrate an electroluminescent device with bright electroluminescence (1200 cd m-2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Wang
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.,Department of Applied Chemistry, Hefei Science Center of Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Hui-Ting Zhou
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.,Department of Chemical Physics, Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jun-Nan Yang
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.,Department of Applied Chemistry, Hefei Science Center of Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Li-Zhe Feng
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.,Department of Applied Chemistry, Hefei Science Center of Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Ji-Song Yao
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.,Department of Applied Chemistry, Hefei Science Center of Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Kuang-Hui Song
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.,Department of Applied Chemistry, Hefei Science Center of Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Man-Man Zhou
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China.,Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials, Anhui University, Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Shan Jin
- Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials, Anhui University, Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China.,Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Guozhen Zhang
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.,Department of Chemical Physics, Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Hong-Bin Yao
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.,Department of Applied Chemistry, Hefei Science Center of Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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