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Kang Y, Zhao J, Zeng Y, Du X, Gu Z. 3D Printing Photonic Crystals: A Review. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2403525. [PMID: 39087369 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202403525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Living organisms in nature possess diverse and vibrant structural colors generated from their intrinsic surface micro/nanostructures. These intricate micro/nanostructures can be harnessed to develop a new generation of colorful materials for various fields such as photonics, information storage, display, and sensing. Recent advancements in the fabrication of photonic crystals have enabled the preparation of structurally colored materials with customized geometries using 3D printing technologies. Here, a comprehensive review of the historical development of fabrication methods for photonic crystals is provided. Diverse 3D printing approaches along with the underlying mechanisms, as well as the regulation methods adopted to generate photonic crystals with structural color, are discussed. This review aims to offer the readers an overview of the state-of-the-art 3D printing techniques for photonic crystals, present a guide and considerations to fabricate photonic crystals leveraging different 3D printing methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youlong Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Yi Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Xin Du
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Zhongze Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
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Wang T, Wang Y, Fu Y, Chen Z, Jiang C, Ji Y, Lu Y. Angle-Multiplexed 3D Photonic Superstructures with Multi-Directional Switchable Structural Color for Information Transformation, Storage, and Encryption. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2400442. [PMID: 38757669 PMCID: PMC11267312 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202400442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Creating photonic crystals that can integrate and switch between multiple structural color images will greatly advance their utility in dynamic information transformation, high-capacity storage, and advanced encryption, but has proven to be highly challenging. Here, it is reported that by programmably integrating newly developed 1D quasi-periodic folding structures into a 3D photonic crystal, the generated photonic superstructure exhibits distinctive optical effects that combine independently manipulatable specular and anisotropic diffuse reflections within a versatile protein-based platform, thus creating different optical channels for structural color imaging. The polymorphic transition of the protein format allows for the facile modulation of both folding patterns and photonic lattices and, therefore, the superstructure's spectral response within each channel. The capacity to manipulate the structural assembly of the superstructure enables the programmable encoding of multiple independent patterns into a single system, which can be decoded by the simple adjustment of lighting directions. The multifunctional utility of the photonic platform is demonstrated in information processing, showcasing its ability to achieve multimode transformation of information codes, multi-code high-capacity storage, and high-level numerical information encryption. The present strategy opens new pathways for achieving multichannel transformable imaging, thereby facilitating the development of emerging information conversion, storage, and encryption media using photonic crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State MicrostructuresKey Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and ManipulationCollege of Engineering and Applied Sciencesand Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing UniversityNanjing210023China
| | - Yu Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State MicrostructuresKey Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and ManipulationCollege of Engineering and Applied Sciencesand Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing UniversityNanjing210023China
| | - Yinghao Fu
- National Laboratory of Solid State MicrostructuresKey Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and ManipulationCollege of Engineering and Applied Sciencesand Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing UniversityNanjing210023China
| | - Zhaoxian Chen
- National Laboratory of Solid State MicrostructuresKey Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and ManipulationCollege of Engineering and Applied Sciencesand Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing UniversityNanjing210023China
| | - Chang Jiang
- National Laboratory of Solid State MicrostructuresKey Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and ManipulationCollege of Engineering and Applied Sciencesand Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing UniversityNanjing210023China
| | - Yue‐E Ji
- National Laboratory of Solid State MicrostructuresKey Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and ManipulationCollege of Engineering and Applied Sciencesand Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing UniversityNanjing210023China
| | - Yanqing Lu
- National Laboratory of Solid State MicrostructuresKey Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and ManipulationCollege of Engineering and Applied Sciencesand Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing UniversityNanjing210023China
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Lee M, Kim G, Jung Y, Pyun KR, Lee J, Kim BW, Ko SH. Photonic structures in radiative cooling. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2023; 12:134. [PMID: 37264035 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-023-01119-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Radiative cooling is a passive cooling technology without any energy consumption, compared to conventional cooling technologies that require power sources and dump waste heat into the surroundings. For decades, many radiative cooling studies have been introduced but its applications are mostly restricted to nighttime use only. Recently, the emergence of photonic technologies to achieves daytime radiative cooling overcome the performance limitations. For example, broadband and selective emissions in mid-IR and high reflectance in the solar spectral range have already been demonstrated. This review article discusses the fundamentals of thermodynamic heat transfer that motivates radiative cooling. Several photonic structures such as multilayer, periodical, random; derived from nature, and associated design procedures were thoroughly discussed. Photonic integration with new functionality significantly enhances the efficiency of radiative cooling technologies such as colored, transparent, and switchable radiative cooling applications has been developed. The commercial applications such as reducing cooling loads in vehicles, increasing the power generation of solar cells, generating electricity, saving water, and personal thermal regulation are also summarized. Lastly, perspectives on radiative cooling and emerging issues with potential solution strategies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjae Lee
- Applied Nano and Thermal Science Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
- Electronic Device Research Team, Hyundai Motor Group, 37, Cheoldobangmulgwan-ro, Uiwang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16082, South Korea
| | - Gwansik Kim
- E-drive Materials Research Team, Hyundai Motor Group, 37, Cheoldobangmulgwan-ro, Uiwang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16082, South Korea
| | - Yeongju Jung
- Applied Nano and Thermal Science Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Kyung Rok Pyun
- Applied Nano and Thermal Science Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Jinwoo Lee
- Department of Mechanical Robotics, and Energy Engineering, Dongguk University, 30 pildong-ro 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul, 04620, South Korea
| | - Byung-Wook Kim
- E-drive Materials Research Team, Hyundai Motor Group, 37, Cheoldobangmulgwan-ro, Uiwang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16082, South Korea.
- Department of Civil Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA.
| | - Seung Hwan Ko
- Applied Nano and Thermal Science Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.
- Institute of Advanced Machinery and Design (SNU-IAMD)/Institute of Engineering Research, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.
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Dong B, Liu B, Chen C, Wang D, Zhang L, Xu L, Xiong W, Li J, Hu Y, Chu J, Wu D. Direct laser writing structural color for reversible encryption and decryption in different mediums. OPTICS LETTERS 2023; 48:2508-2511. [PMID: 37186706 DOI: 10.1364/ol.486950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Structural color (SC) has enormous potential for improving the visualization and identification of functional micro/nano structures for information encryption and intelligent sensing. Nevertheless, achieving the direct writing of SCs at the micro/nano scale and the change of color in response to external stimuli simultaneously is rather challenging. To this end, we directly printed woodpile structures (WSs) utilizing femtosecond laser two-photon polymerization (fs-TPP), which demonstrated obvious SCs under an optical microscope. After that, we achieved the change of SCs by transferring WSs between different mediums. Furthermore, the influence of laser power, structural parameters, and mediums on the SCs was systematically investigated, and the mechanism of SCs using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method was further explored. Finally, we realized the reversible encryption and decryption of certain information. This finding holds broad application prospects in smart sensing, anti-counterfeiting tags, and advanced photonic devices.
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Stein A. Achieving Functionality and Multifunctionality through Bulk and Interfacial Structuring of Colloidal-Crystal-Templated Materials. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:2890-2910. [PMID: 36757136 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c03297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Over the past 25 years, the field of colloidal crystal templating of inverse opal or three-dimensionally ordered macroporous (3DOM) structures has made tremendous progress. The degree of structural control over multiple length scales, understanding of mechanical properties, and complexity of systems in which 3DOM materials are a component have increased substantially. In addition, we are now seeing applications of 3DOM materials that make use of multiple features of their architecture at the same time. This Feature Article focuses on the different properties of 3DOM materials that provide functionality, including a relatively large surface area, the interconnectedness of the pores and the resulting good accessibility of the internal surface, the nanostructured features of the walls, the structural hierarchy and periodicity, well-defined surface roughness, and relative mechanical robustness at low density. It provides representative examples that illustrate the properties of interest related to applications including energy storage and conversion systems, sensors, catalysts, sorbents, photonics, actuators, and biomedical materials or devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Stein
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
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Hou X, Vogelbacher F, Lai X, Li K, Song Y, Li M. Bioinspired multichannel colorful encryption through kirigami activating grating. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2023; 68:276-283. [PMID: 36702683 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2023.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Optical encryption, exploiting degrees of freedom of light as parameters to encode and decode information, plays an indispensable role in our daily life. Responsive structural color materials can give real-time visible feedback to external stimuli and provide ideal candidates for optical encryption. However, the development of existing responsive structural color materials is hindered by poor repeatability and long feedback time. Meanwhile, there are only few strategies to exploit structural colors in multichannel information encryption. Herein, bioinspired by the structural color variation due to a change in angle arising from the movement of animal's scales or feathers, we developed a general multichannel information encryption strategy using a two-dimensional deformable kirigami arranging orientations of the grating arrays by design. The kirigami grating sheet shows rapid, repeatable, and programmable color change. This strategy utilizes the topological space deformation to guide the change of optical property, which suggests new possibilities for spatial and spectral encryption as well as mechano-sensing and camouflage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Hou
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Florian Vogelbacher
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xintao Lai
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kaixuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yanlin Song
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mingzhu Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold of the Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
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Hou Y, Yuan S, Zhu G, You B, Xu Y, Jiang W, Shum HC, Pong PWT, Chen CH, Wang L. Photonic Crystal-Integrated Optoelectronic Devices with Naked-Eye Visualization and Digital Readout for High-Resolution Detection of Ultratrace Analytes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2209004. [PMID: 36478473 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202209004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The detection of ultratrace analytes is highly desirable for the non-invasive monitoring of human diseases. However, a major challenge is fast, naked-eye, high-resolution ultratrace detection. Herein, a rectangular 3D composite photonic crystal (PC)-based optoelectronic device is first designed that combines the sensitivity-enhancing effects of PCs and optoelectronic devices with fast and real-time digital monitoring. A crack-free, centimeter-scale, mechanically robust ellipsoidal composite PCs with sufficient hardness and modulus, even exceeding most plastics and aluminum alloys, are developed. The high mechanical strength of ellipsoidal composite PCs allows them to be hand-machined into rectangular geometries that can be conformally covered with the centimeter-scale flat light-detection area without interference from ambient light, easily integrating 3D composite PC-based optoelectronic devices. The PC-based device's signal-to-noise ratio increases dramatically from original 30-40 to ≈60-70 dB. Droplets of ultratrace analytes on the device are identified by fast digital readout within seconds, with detection limits down to 5 µL, enabling rapid identification of ultratrace glucose in artificial sweat and diabetes risk. The developed 3D PC-based sensor offers the advantages of small size, low cost, and high reliability, paving the way for wider implementation in other portable optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Hou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Yuan
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Guangda Zhu
- Center for Advanced Materials (CAM), Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Baihao You
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Ying Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Wenxin Jiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Ho Cheung Shum
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Philip W T Pong
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA
| | - Chia-Hung Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Liqiu Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
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Wang J, Huang D, Yu H, Ren H, Shang L. Biohybrid Response Microparticles Decorated with Trained-MSCs for Acute Liver Failure Recovery. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2201085. [PMID: 36028466 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202201085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Microcarrier-based mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) delivery have attracted increasing attention in acute liver failure (ALF) therapy, while there is still room for improvement in terms of improving cell loading efficiency, enhancing anti-inflammatory features, and controlling cell release. Here, novel lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-composited magnetic-thermal responsive inverse opal particles (MIOPs) are presented for the delivery of MSCs. The MIOPs are composed of a chitosan inverse opal skeleton filled with a hydrogel containing LPS, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), and Fe3 O4 nanoparticles. Benefitting from the biocompatible chitosan component and the huge specific surface area, the resultant MIOPs can capture MSCs in a nondestructive way. Furthermore, LPS can be released from the MIOPs under the stimulation of an alternating magnetic field, by which the MSCs are activated to gain the feature of "trained immunity." Moreover, this process can be monitored in real-time by the structural color change of the MIOPs. With that, the MSCs-laden MIOPs are employed in rats with ALF, and they exhibit obvious anti-inflammatory and therapeutic efficacy superior to untrained MSCs. These performances make the MIOPs a distinctive cell delivery platform for clinical tissue recovery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinglin Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Hepatobiliary Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, P. R. China
| | - Danqing Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Hepatobiliary Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, P. R. China
| | - Hang Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Hepatobiliary Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, P. R. China
| | - Haozhen Ren
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Hepatobiliary Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, P. R. China
| | - Luoran Shang
- Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics the International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
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Liu K, Ding H, Li S, Niu Y, Zeng Y, Zhang J, Du X, Gu Z. 3D printing colloidal crystal microstructures via sacrificial-scaffold-mediated two-photon lithography. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4563. [PMID: 35931721 PMCID: PMC9355982 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32317-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The orderly arrangement of nanomaterials’ tiny units at the nanometer-scale accounts for a substantial part of their remarkable properties. Maintaining this orderness and meanwhile endowing the nanomaterials with highly precise and free-designed 3D micro architectures will open an exciting prospect for various novel applications. In this paper, we developed a sacrificial-scaffold-mediated two-photon lithography (TPL) strategy that enables the fabrication of complex 3D colloidal crystal microstructures with orderly-arranged nanoparticles inside. We show that, with the help of a degradable hydrogel scaffold, the disturbance effect of the femtosecond laser to the nanoparticle self-assembling could be overcome. Therefore, hydrogel-state and solid-state colloidal crystal microstructures with diverse compositions, free-designed geometries and variable structural colors could be easily fabricated. This enables the possibility to create novel colloidal crystal microsensing systems that have not been achieved before. Colloidal crystals are widely applied in the fabrication of optoelectronic devices, but realizing freedom of design, such as in 3D printing, in colloidal crystal fabrication remains challenging. Here, the authors demonstrate a sacrificial-scaffold-mediated two-photon lithography strategy that enables the fabrication of complex 3D colloidal crystal microstructures with orderly arranged nanoparticles in the bulk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keliang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Haibo Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Sen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Yanfang Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Yi Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Junning Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Xin Du
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
| | - Zhongze Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
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Yu S, Zhang Q, Wang Y, Lv Y, Ma R. Photonic-Structure Colored Radiative Coolers for Daytime Subambient Cooling. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:4925-4932. [PMID: 35686917 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c01570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Daytime subambient radiative cooling provides a powerful strategy for realizing sustainable thermal management without any external energy consumption. However, in practical situations a dazzling white or silver appearance is undesirable for aesthetic and functional reasons. Therefore, developing colored radiative cooling materials is greatly significant for more potential applications but remains a big challenge so far. Here, we reported a flexible colored radiative cooler based on interferometric retroreflection-induced structural color, which resolves the conflict between a colorful appearance for aesthetics and high solar reflection for cooling. All colored radiative coolers achieve subambient cooling of 4 K even under sunshine stronger than 1000 W/m2, while the same color commercial paints are 9-27 K higher than the ambient. Such a flexible, scalable, and low cost colored radiative cooler is expected to replace commercial paint in a practical scenario with aesthetic and cooling requirements, enabling substantial reduction in carbon emission and energy consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shixiong Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tongyan Road 38, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Quan Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tongyan Road 38, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yufeng Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tongyan Road 38, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yiwen Lv
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tongyan Road 38, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Rujun Ma
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tongyan Road 38, Tianjin 300350, China
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Wu K, Zhu T, Zhu L, Sun Y, Chen K, Chen J, Yuan H, Wang Y, Zhang J, Liu G, Chen X, Sun J. Reversible Mechanochromisms via Manipulating Surface Wrinkling. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:2261-2269. [PMID: 35234042 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c04494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Mechanochromic structural-colored materials have promising applications in various domains. In this Letter, we report three types of reversible mechanochromisms in simple material systems by harnessing mechano-responsive wrinkling dynamics including (i) brightness mechanochromism (BM), (ii) hue change mechanochromism (HCM), and (iii) viewable angle mechanochromism (VAM). Upon stretching, the BM device exhibits almost a constant hue but reduces light brightness due to the postbuckling mechanics-controlled deformation, while the HCM device can change the hue from blue to red with almost constant intensity because of the linear elastic mechanics-controlled deformation. The VAM device shows a constant hue because of the thin film interference effect. However, the viewable angles decrease with increasing applied strain owing to the light scattering of wrinkles. All of the mechanochromic behaviors exhibit good reversibility and durability. We clearly elucidated the underlying mechanisms for different mechanochromisms and demonstrated their potential applications in smart displays, stretchable strain sensors, and antipeeping/anticounterfeiting devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P.R. China
| | - Ting Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P.R. China
| | - Liangliang Zhu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, P.R. China
| | - Yu Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P.R. China
| | - Kai Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P.R. China
| | - Jiaorui Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P.R. China
| | - Haozhi Yuan
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P.R. China
| | - Yaqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P.R. China
| | - Jinyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P.R. China
| | - Gang Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P.R. China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Jun Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P.R. China
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