1
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Sun Q, Bao B, Dong W, Lyu Y, Wang M, Xi Z, Han J, Guo R. Expression of chiral molecular and supramolecular structure on enantioselective catalytic activity. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 669:944-951. [PMID: 38759593 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the structure-function relationships encoded on chiral catalysts is important for investigating the fundamental principles of catalytic enantioselectivity. Herein, the synthesis and self-assembly of naphthalene substituted bis-l/d-histidine amphiphiles (bis-l/d-NapHis) in DMF/water solution mixture is reported. The resulting supramolecular assemblies featuring well-defined P/M nanoribbons (NRs). With combination of the (P/M)-NR and metal ion catalytic centers (Mn+ = Co2+, Cu2+, Fe3+), the (P)-NR-Mn+ as chiral supramolecular catalysts show catalytic preference to 3,4-dihydroxy-S-phenylalanine (S-DOPA) oxidation while the (M)-NR-Mn+ show enantioselective bias to R-DOPA oxidation. In contrast, their monomeric counterparts bis-l/d-NapHis-Mn+ display an inverse and dramatically lower catalytic selectivity in the R/S-DOPA oxidation. Among them, the Co2+-coordinated supramolecular nanostructures show the highest catalytic efficiency and enantioselectivity (select factor up to 2.70), while the Fe3+-coordinated monomeric ones show nearly racemic products. Analysis of the kinetic results suggests that the synergistic effect between metal ions and the chiral supramolecular NRs can significantly regulate the enantioselective catalytic activity, while the metal ion-mediated monomeric bis-l/d-NapHis were less active. The studies on association constants and activation energies reveal the difference in catalytic efficiency and enantioselectivity resulting from the different energy barriers and binding affinities existed between the chiral molecular/supramolecular structures and R/S-DOPA enantiomers. This work clarifies the correlation between chiral molecular/supramolecular structures and enantioselective catalytic activity, shedding new light on the rational design of chiral catalysts with outstanding enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Sun
- Yangzhou University, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou, 225002 Jiangsu, China.
| | - Baocheng Bao
- Yangzhou University, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou, 225002 Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenqian Dong
- Yangzhou University, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou, 225002 Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanchao Lyu
- Yangzhou University, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou, 225002 Jiangsu, China.
| | - Mengyuan Wang
- Yangzhou University, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou, 225002 Jiangsu, China
| | - Zheng Xi
- Yangzhou University, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou, 225002 Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Han
- Yangzhou University, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou, 225002 Jiangsu, China.
| | - Rong Guo
- Yangzhou University, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou, 225002 Jiangsu, China
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2
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Qin JX, Shen CL, Li L, Liu H, Zhang WY, Yang XG, Shan CX. Broadband Negative Photoconductive Response in Carbon Nanodots. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2404694. [PMID: 38857532 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202404694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Due to the broadband response and low selectivity of external light, negative photoconductivity (NPC) effect holds great potential applications in photoelectric devices. Herein, different photoresponsive carbon nanodots (CDs) are prepared from diverse precursors and the broadband response from the NPC CDs are utilized to achieve the optoelectronic logic gates and optical imaging for the first time. In detail, the mcu-CDs which are prepared by the microwave-assisted polymerization of citric acid and urea possess the large specific surface area and abundant hydrophilic groups as sites for the adsorption of H2O molecules and thereby present a high conductivity in dark. Meanwhile, the low affinity of mcu-CDs to H2O molecules permits the light-induced desorption of H2O molecules by heat effect and thus endow the mcu-CDs with a low conductivity under illumination. The easy absorption and desorption of H2O molecules contribute to the extraordinary NPC of mcu-CDs. With the broadband NPC response in CDs, the optoelectronic logic gates and flexible optical imaging system are established, achieving the applications of "NOR" or "NAND" logic operations and high-quality optical images. These findings unveil the unique optoelectronic properties of CDs, and have the potential to advance the applications of CDs in optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Xu Qin
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Material and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Laboratory of Zhongyuan Light, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Cheng-Long Shen
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Material and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Laboratory of Zhongyuan Light, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Lei Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Material and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Laboratory of Zhongyuan Light, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Hang Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Material and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Laboratory of Zhongyuan Light, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Wu-You Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Material and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Laboratory of Zhongyuan Light, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Xi-Gui Yang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Material and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Laboratory of Zhongyuan Light, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
- Institute of Quantum Materials and Physics, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Chong-Xin Shan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Material and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Laboratory of Zhongyuan Light, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
- Institute of Quantum Materials and Physics, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
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3
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Cao H, Yang E, Kim Y, Zhao Y, Ma W. Biomimetic Chiral Nanomaterials with Selective Catalysis Activity. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2306979. [PMID: 38561968 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202306979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Chiral nanomaterials with unique chiral configurations and biocompatible ligands have been booming over the past decade for their interesting chiroptical effect, unique catalytical activity, and related bioapplications. The catalytic activity and selectivity of chiral nanomaterials have emerged as important topics, that can be potentially controlled and optimized by the rational biochemical design of nanomaterials. In this review, chiral nanomaterials synthesis, composition, and catalytic performances of different biohybrid chiral nanomaterials are discussed. The construction of chiral nanomaterials with multiscale chiral geometries along with the underlying principles for enhancing chiroptical responses are highlighted. Various biochemical approaches to regulate the selectivity and catalytic activity of chiral nanomaterials for biocatalysis are also summarized. Furthermore, attention is paid to specific chiral ligands, materials compositions, structure characteristics, and so on for introducing selective catalytic activities of representative chiral nanomaterials, with emphasis on substrates including small molecules, biological macromolecule, and in-site catalysis in living systems. Promising progress has also been emphasized in chiral nanomaterials featuring structural versatility and improved chiral responses that gave rise to unprecedented chances to utilize light for biocatalytic applications. In summary, the challenges, future trends, and prospects associated with chiral nanomaterials for catalysis are comprehensively proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghui Cao
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, No. 100 Haiquan Road, Shanghai, 201418, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - En Yang
- School of Food Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Yoonseob Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Yuan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Wei Ma
- School of Food Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
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Wei X, Wang X, Fu Y, Zhang X, Yan F. Emerging trends in CDs@hydrogels composites: from materials to applications. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:355. [PMID: 38809308 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06411-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) are nanoscale carbon materials with unique optical properties and biocompatibility. Their applications are limited by their tendency to aggregate or oxidize in aqueous environments. Turning weakness to strengths, CDs can be incorporated with hydrogels, which are three-dimensional networks of crosslinked polymers that can retain large amounts of water. Hydrogels can provide a stable and tunable matrix for CDs, enhancing their fluorescence, stability, and functionality. CDs@hydrogels, known for their ease of synthesis, strong binding capabilities, and rich surface functional groups, have emerged as promising composite materials. In this review, recent advances in the synthesis and characterization of CDs@hydrogels, composite materials composed of CDs and various types of natural or synthetic hydrogels, are summarized. The potential applications of CDs@hydrogels in fluorescence sensing, adsorption, drug delivery, antibacterial activity, flexible electronics, and energy storage are also highlighted. The current challenges and future prospects of CDs@hydrogels systems for the novel functional materials are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, People's Republic of China
- School of Textiles Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China
- Hebei Industrial Technology Research Institute of Membranes, Cangzhou Institute of Tiangong University, Cangzhou, 061000, China
| | - Xueyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, People's Republic of China
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Yang Fu
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Xiangyu Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin, University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300381, China
| | - Fanyong Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, People's Republic of China.
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China.
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5
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Wei S, Wang C, Wang Y, Yin X, Hu K, Liu M, Sun G, Lu L. Chiral carbon dots derived from tryptophan and threonine for enantioselective sensing of L/D-Lysine. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 662:48-57. [PMID: 38335739 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.02.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Presently, most fluorescent probes for amino acid enantiomers detection require metal ions participation, which greatly increases the detection steps and costs, and affects the accuracy of detection results. To solve this problem, a dual pattern recognition sensor of chiral carbon dots (L-Try-Thr-CDs) with a quantum yield of 36.23 % was prepared by a one-step solvothermal method for the highly selective detection of lysine (Lys) enantiomers. Under optimal experimental conditions, the fluorescence and circular dichroism (CD) signals of the obtained L-Try-Thr-CDs could rapidly and effectively responded to L-Lys with limits of detection (LOD) of 16.51 nM and 24.38 nM, respectively, much lower than previously reported sensors. Importantly, the L-Try-Thr-CDs as a dual-mode sensor could not only detect amino acid enantiomers and simplify the steps, but also avoid inaccurate detection results due to unstable metal ions. Furthermore, the L-Try-Thr-CDs could detect L-Lys in living cells via a fluorescence microscope because of their excellent fluorescence characteristics and low toxicity. These results indicated that the dual-mode sensor not only provided a practical strategy for the design of new fluorescent probes, but also possessed outstanding application prospects in the accurate detection of lysine enantiomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Wei
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, PR China; Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Chenzhao Wang
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Yuchen Wang
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Xiangyu Yin
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, PR China; Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Kaixin Hu
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, PR China; Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Min Liu
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, PR China; Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Guoying Sun
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, PR China; Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, PR China.
| | - Lehui Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, PR China.
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Zhang M, Zhang Y, Du X, Ma Y, Huang H, Liao F, Fan X, Wang J, Lin H, Shao M, Liu Y, Li Y, Kang Z. Enantioselective and Band-Gap Modulation in Photocatalysis of Metal-Free Chiral Carbon Dots. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:19379-19390. [PMID: 38568698 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c02003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Photodriven chiral catalysis is the combination of photocatalysis and chiral catalysis and is considered one of the cleanest and most efficient methods for the synthesis of chiral compounds or drugs. Furthermore, due to the potential metal contamination associated with most metal-based catalysts, metal-free chiral photocatalysts are ideal candidates. In this work, we demonstrate that metal-free chiral carbon dots (CDs) exhibit size-dependent enantioselective photocatalytic activity. Using serine as the raw material, chiral CDs with well-defined structures and average sizes of 2.22, 3.01, 3.70, 4.77, and 7.21 nm were synthesized using the electrochemical method. These chiral CDs possess size-dependent band gaps and exhibit photoresponsive enantioselective catalytic activity toward the oxidation of dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA). Under light-assisted conditions, chiral CDs (L72, 500 μg/mL) exhibit high selectivity (selectivity factor: 2.07) and maintain a certain level of catalytic activity (1.34 μM/min) even at a low temperature of 5 °C. The high catalytic activity of the chiral CDs arises from their photoelectrons reducing O2 to generate O2-, as the active oxygen species for DOPA oxidation. The high enantioselectivity of the chiral CDs is attributed to their differential adsorption capabilities toward DOPA enantiomers. This study provides a new approach for designing metal-free chiral photocatalysts with high enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengling Zhang
- Macao Institute of Materials Science and Engineering (MIMSE), MUST-SUDA Joint Research Center for Advanced Functional Materials, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao 999078, China
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xin Du
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yurong Ma
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Fan Liao
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xing Fan
- Research Center for Carbon-based Electronics and Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Haiping Lin
- School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Mingwang Shao
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Youyong Li
- Macao Institute of Materials Science and Engineering (MIMSE), MUST-SUDA Joint Research Center for Advanced Functional Materials, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao 999078, China
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zhenhui Kang
- Macao Institute of Materials Science and Engineering (MIMSE), MUST-SUDA Joint Research Center for Advanced Functional Materials, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao 999078, China
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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Lamba R, Yukta Y, Mondal J, Kumar R, Pani B, Singh B. Carbon Dots: Synthesis, Characterizations, and Recent Advancements in Biomedical, Optoelectronics, Sensing, and Catalysis Applications. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:2086-2127. [PMID: 38512809 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Carbon nanodots (CNDs), a fascinating carbon-based nanomaterial (typical size 2-10 nm) owing to their superior optical properties, high biocompatibility, and cell penetrability, have tremendous applications in different interdisciplinary fields. Here, in this Review, we first explore the superiority of CNDs over other nanomaterials in the biomedical, optoelectronics, analytical sensing, and photocatalysis domains. Beginning with synthesis, characterization, and purification techniques, we even address fundamental questions surrounding CNDs such as emission origin and excitation-dependent behavior. Then we explore recent advancements in their applications, focusing on biological/biomedical uses like specific organelle bioimaging, drug/gene delivery, biosensing, and photothermal therapy. In optoelectronics, we cover CND-based solar cells, perovskite solar cells, and their role in LEDs and WLEDs. Analytical sensing applications include the detection of metals, hazardous chemicals, and proteins. In catalysis, we examine roles in photocatalysis, CO2 reduction, water splitting, stereospecific synthesis, and pollutant degradation. With this Review, we intend to further spark interest in CNDs and CND-based composites by highlighting their many benefits across a wide range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohan Lamba
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh 175075, India
| | - Yukta Yukta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Jiban Mondal
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh 175075, India
| | - Ram Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
- Department of Chemistry, Bhaskaracharya College of Applied Sciences, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110075, India
| | - Balaram Pani
- Department of Chemistry, Bhaskaracharya College of Applied Sciences, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110075, India
| | - Bholey Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Swami Shraddhanand College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110036, India
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8
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Zhang Y, Zhang M, Ma Y, Du X, Li W, Hu T, Liu Y, Huang H, Kang Z. Enhanced the intrinsic oxidase-like activity of chiral carbon dots via manganese doping for selective catalytic oxidation. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 659:687-696. [PMID: 38211486 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
It is highly desirable to design and construct chemical catalysts with high activity and specificity as the alternatives of natural enzymes for industrial application. Chiral carbon dots (CDs), possessing both the intrinsic enzyme-like activity and specific recognition ability, are one of good candidates for enzyme-like catalysts. However, their catalytic activity is far from that of natural enzymes and needs to be enhanced. In this work, the modulation of the chiral structure and catalytic activity of chiral CDs with intrinsic oxidase-like activity was implemented by manganese (Mn) doping. Under the light condition, chiral CDs (l-Ser-CDs and d-Ser-CDs) derived from chiral serine (Ser) show weak catalytic activity and low selectivity toward the oxidation of L type of dopamine (l-DOPA), whereas the Mn functionalized chiral CDs (l-Mn-CDs or d-Mn-CDs) exhibit 6.9 times higher in catalytic activity and 2.9 times in selectivity ratio (SR) than Ser-CDs. Mn-CDs involve two-path catalytic process, in which the photogenerated electrons could reduce O2 to O2- as the active species and the holes would oxidize DOPA directly. Moreover, doping of Mn enables the CDs to generate more O2-. Besides, l-Mn-CDs have higher catalytic activity than that of d-Mn-CDs (+54.2 %), and the chiral Mn-CDs have stronger selective adsorption capacity towards chiral DOPA than Ser-CDs. Our work provides a new method for designing and preparing novel chiral artificial enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials Laboratory (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengling Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials Laboratory (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China; Macao Institute of Materials Science and Engineering (MIMSE), MUST-SUDA Joint Research Center for Advanced Functional Materials, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa 999078, Macao.
| | - Yurong Ma
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials Laboratory (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Du
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials Laboratory (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenwen Li
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials Laboratory (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tao Hu
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials Laboratory (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials Laboratory (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Hui Huang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials Laboratory (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Zhenhui Kang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials Laboratory (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China; Macao Institute of Materials Science and Engineering (MIMSE), MUST-SUDA Joint Research Center for Advanced Functional Materials, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa 999078, Macao
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9
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Zhao Y, Xie J, Tian Y, Mourdikoudis S, Fiuza‐Maneiro N, Du Y, Polavarapu L, Zheng G. Colloidal Chiral Carbon Dots: An Emerging System for Chiroptical Applications. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2305797. [PMID: 38268241 PMCID: PMC10987166 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Chiral CDots (c-CDots) not only inherit those merits from CDots but also exhibit chiral effects in optical, electric, and bio-properties. Therefore, c-CDots have received significant interest from a wide range of research communities including chemistry, physics, biology, and device engineers. They have already made decent progress in terms of synthesis, together with the exploration of their optical properties and applications. In this review, the chiroptical properties and chirality origin in extinction circular dichroism (ECD) and circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) of c-CDots is briefly discussed. Then, the synthetic strategies of c-CDots is summarized, including one-pot synthesis, post-functionalization of CDots with chiral ligands, and assembly of CDots into chiral architectures with soft chiral templates. Afterward, the chiral effects on the applications of c-CDots are elaborated. Research domains such as drug delivery, bio- or chemical sensing, regulation of enzyme-like catalysis, and others are covered. Finally, the perspective on the challenges associated with the synthetic strategies, understanding the origin of chirality, and potential applications is provided. This review not only discusses the latest developments of c-CDots but also helps toward a better understanding of the structure-property relationship along with their respective applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwan Zhao
- School of Physics and MicroelectronicsZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001P. R. China
| | - Juan Xie
- School of Physics and MicroelectronicsZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001P. R. China
| | - Yongzhi Tian
- School of Physics and MicroelectronicsZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001P. R. China
| | - Stefanos Mourdikoudis
- Separation and Conversion TechnologyFlemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO)Boeretang 200Mol2400Belgium
| | - Nadesh Fiuza‐Maneiro
- CINBIOMaterials Chemistry and Physics GroupUniversity of VigoCampus Universitario MarcosendeVigo36310Spain
| | - Yanli Du
- School of Physics and MicroelectronicsZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001P. R. China
| | - Lakshminarayana Polavarapu
- CINBIOMaterials Chemistry and Physics GroupUniversity of VigoCampus Universitario MarcosendeVigo36310Spain
| | - Guangchao Zheng
- School of Physics and MicroelectronicsZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001P. R. China
- Institute of Quantum Materials and PhysicsHenan Academy of SciencesZhengzhou450046P. R. China
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10
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Wang B, Wang H, Hu Y, Waterhouse GIN, Lu S. Matrix-Free Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescent Carbon Dots-Based Electroluminescent Light-Emitting Diodes Exceeding 5.6% External Quantum Efficiency. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:2904-2911. [PMID: 38385631 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c00090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) are promising luminescent emission layer materials for next generation electroluminescent light emitting diodes (EL-LEDs) due to their many advantages, such as environmental friendliness, low cost, and high stability. However, limited by the spin-forbidden properties of the triplet transition, it is difficult to improve the external quantum efficiency (EQE) of fluorescent CDs-based EL-LEDs. Meanwhile, traditional thermally activated delayed fluorescent (TADF) CDs prepared using coating strategies are difficult to utilize in EL-LEDs due to the nonconductivity of the coating agent. Herein, we successfully developed matrix-free TADF CDs with yellow emission and achieved a device EQE of 5.68%, which is the highest value reported in CDs-based EL-LEDs. In addition, we also developed white EL-LEDs with an EQE of 1.70%. This study highlights the importance of interactions between precursors in modulating the electroluminescence properties of TADF emitters and provides an effective design principle for matrix-free TADF CDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyang Wang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Yongsheng Hu
- School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | | | - Siyu Lu
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
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11
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Sun X, Ye Q, Liang Y, Yuan Y, Zhu L, Zhang Q, Han J, Guo R. Chiral cysteine-copper ion-based assemblies for improved phototherapy. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 657:993-1002. [PMID: 38104364 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.11.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Phototherapy, encompassing photothermal therapy and photodynamic therapy, is gaining attention as an appealing cancer treatment modality. To enhance its clinical implementation, a comprehensive exploration of the pivotal factors influencing phototherapy is warranted. In this study, the L/d-cysteine (Cys)-copper ion (Cu2+) chiral nanoparticles, through the assembly of L/d-Cys-Cu2+ coordination complexes, were constructed. We found that these nanoparticles interacted with chiral liposomes in a chirality-dependent manner, with d-Cys-Cu2+ nanoparticles exhibiting more than three times stronger binding affinity than l-Cys-Cu2+ nanoparticles. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the d-Cys-Cu2+ nanoparticles were more efficiently internalized by Hela cells in contrast with l-Cys-Cu2+. On this basis, indocyanine green (ICG), acting as both photothermal and photodynamic agent, was encapsulated into L/d-Cys-Cu2+ nanoparticles. Experimental results showed that the l-Cys-Cu2+-ICG and d-Cys-Cu2+-ICG nanoparticles displayed almost identical photothermal performance and singlet oxygen (1O2) generation capability in aqueous solution. However, upon laser irradiation, the d-Cys-Cu2+-ICG nanoparticles achieved enhanced anti-tumor effects compared to l-Cys-Cu2+-ICG due to their chirality-promoted higher cellular uptake efficiency. These findings highlight the crucial role of chirality in phototherapy and provide new perspectives for engineering cancer therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohuan Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China.
| | - Qianyun Ye
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Yuhe Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Liqi Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China.
| | - Quan Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Jie Han
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China.
| | - Rong Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
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12
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Zhang L, Wang H, Qu X. Biosystem-Inspired Engineering of Nanozymes for Biomedical Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2211147. [PMID: 36622946 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202211147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Nanozymes with intrinsic enzyme-mimicking activities have shown great potential to become surrogates of natural enzymes in many fields by virtue of their advantages of high catalytic stability, ease of functionalization, and low cost. However, due to the lack of predictable descriptors, most of the nanozymes reported in the past have been obtained mainly through trial-and-error strategies, and the catalytic efficacy, substrate specificity, as well as practical application effect under physiological conditions, are far inferior to that of natural enzymes. To optimize the catalytic efficacies and functions of nanozymes in biomedical settings, recent studies have introduced biosystem-inspired strategies into nanozyme design. In this review, recent advances in the engineering of biosystem-inspired nanozymes by leveraging the refined catalytic structure of natural enzymes, simulating the behavior changes of natural enzymes in the catalytic process, and mimicking the specific biological processes or living organisms, are introduced. Furthermore, the currently involved biomedical applications of biosystem-inspired nanozymes are summarized. More importantly, the current opportunities and challenges of the design and application of biosystem-inspired nanozymes are discussed. It is hoped that the studies of nanozymes based on bioinspired strategies will be beneficial for constructing the new generation of nanozymes and broadening their biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization and Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Huan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization and Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xiaogang Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization and Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
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13
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Li S, Pei H, He S, Liang H, Guo R, Liu N, Mo Z. Chiral Carbon Dots and Chiral Carbon Dots with Circularly Polarized Luminescence: Synthesis, Mechanistic Investigation and Applications. Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202300770. [PMID: 37819766 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202300770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Chiral carbon dots (CCDs) can be widely used in various fields such as chiral recognition, chiral catalysis and biomedicine because of their unique optical properties, low toxicity and good biocompatibility. In addition, CCDs with circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) can be synthesized, thus broadening the prospects of CCDs applications. Since the research on CCDs is still in its infancy, this paper reviews the chiral origin, formation mechanism, chiral evolution, synthesis and emerging applications of CCDs, with a special focus on CCDs with CPL activity. It is hoped that it will provide some reference to solve the current problems faced by CCDs. Finally, the opportunities and challenges of the current research on CCDs are described, and their future development trends have also been prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijing Li
- Research Center of Gansu Military and Civilian Integration Advanced Structural Materials, Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Hebing Pei
- Research Center of Gansu Military and Civilian Integration Advanced Structural Materials, Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Simin He
- Research Center of Gansu Military and Civilian Integration Advanced Structural Materials, Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Hao Liang
- Research Center of Gansu Military and Civilian Integration Advanced Structural Materials, Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Ruibin Guo
- Research Center of Gansu Military and Civilian Integration Advanced Structural Materials, Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Nijuan Liu
- Research Center of Gansu Military and Civilian Integration Advanced Structural Materials, Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Zunli Mo
- Research Center of Gansu Military and Civilian Integration Advanced Structural Materials, Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
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Shi Y, Su W, Yuan F, Yuan T, Song X, Han Y, Wei S, Zhang Y, Li Y, Li X, Fan L. Carbon Dots for Electroluminescent Light-Emitting Diodes: Recent Progress and Future Prospects. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2210699. [PMID: 36959751 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202210699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs), as emerging carbon nanomaterials, have been regarded as promising alternatives for electroluminescent light-emitting diodes (LEDs) owing to their distinct characteristics, such as low toxicity, tuneable photoluminescence, and good photostability. In the last few years, despite remarkable progress achieved in CD-based LEDs, their device performance is still inferior to that of well-developed organic, heavy-metal-based QDs, and perovskite LEDs. To better exploit LED applications and boost device performance, in this review, a comprehensive overview of currently explored CDs is presented, focusing on their key optical characteristics, which are closely related to the structural design of CDs from their carbon core to surface modifications, and to macroscopic structural engineering, including the embedding of CDs in the matrix or spatial arrangement of CDs. The design of CD-based LEDs for display and lighting applications based on the fluorescence, phosphorescence, and delayed fluorescence emission of CDs is also highlighted. Finally, it is concluded with a discussion regarding the key challenges and plausible prospects in this field. It is hoped that this review inspires more extensive research on CDs from a new perspective and promotes practical applications of CD-based LEDs in multiple directions of current and future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Shi
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Wen Su
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Fanglong Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Ting Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Xianzhi Song
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yuyi Han
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Shuyan Wei
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yunchao Li
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Louzhen Fan
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
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15
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Xiao YH, Ma ZZ, Yang XX, Li DS, Gu ZG, Zhang J. Inducing Circularly Polarized Luminescence by Confined Synthesis of Ultrasmall Chiral Carbon Nanodot Arrays in Pyrene-Based MOF Thin Film. ACS NANO 2023; 17:19136-19143. [PMID: 37740252 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c05265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Combining the features of the host-guest system and chirality is an efficient strategy to achieve circularly polarized luminescence (CPL). Herein, well-defined chiral carbon nanodot (chirCND) arrays were confined-synthesized by low-temperature calcination of a chiral amino acid loaded metal-organic framework (MOF) to induce high CPL. An achiral porous pyrene-based MOF NU-1000 thin film as the host template was prepared by a liquid-phase epitaxial layer-by-layer fashion, and chiral amino acids as the carbon sources could be confined in the porous MOF and carbonized to homogeneous and ultrasmall chirCND arrays, resulting in a chirCNDs@NU-1000 thin film (l-CNDsx@NU-1000; x = l-cysteine (cys), l-serine, l-histidine, l-glutamic acid, and l-pyroglutamic acid). The results show the pristine chirCNDs by directly carbonizing chiral amino acids hardly endow them with a CPL property. By contrast, benefiting from the arrayed confinement and coordination interaction between chirCNDs and NU-1000, the chirality transfer on the excited state of chirCNDs@NU-1000 is enabled, leading to strong CPL performance (a high luminescence dissymmetry factor glum of l-CNDscys@NU-1000 thin film reached 1.74 × 10-2). This study of chirCNDs encapsulated in fluorescent MOF thin films provides a strategy for developing uniform chiral carbon nanoarrays and offers chiral host-guest thin-film materials for optical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hong Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 350002 Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
- College of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecology-Toxicological Effects & Control for Emerging Contaminants, Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment and Information Atlas (Putian University) Fujian Provincial University, Putian University, Putian 351100, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Zhou Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 350002 Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Xian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 350002 Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Sheng Li
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Gang Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 350002 Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 350002 Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
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16
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Chen X, Yu M, Li P, Xu C, Zhang S, Wang Y, Xing X. Recent Progress on Chiral Carbon Dots: Synthetic Strategies and Biomedical Applications. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:5548-5566. [PMID: 37735749 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of chiral carbon dots (Ch-CDs) has opened up an exciting new research direction in the field of carbon dots. It not only retains the chirality of the precursor and exhibits highly symmetric chiral optical properties but also has properties such as chemical stability, antibacterial and antitumor properties, and good biocompatibility of carbon dots. Based on these advantages, the application of Ch-CDs in the biomedical field has attracted significant interest among researchers. However, a comprehensive review of the selection of precursors for Ch-CDs, preparation methods, and applications in biomedical fields is still lacking. Here, we summarize their precursor selection and preparation methods based on recent reports on Ch-CDs and provide the first comprehensive review for specific applications in biomedical engineering, such as biosensing, bioimaging, drug carriers, antibacterial and antibiofilm, and enzyme activity modulation. Finally, we discuss application prospects and challenges that need to be overcome. We hope this review will provide valuable guidance for researchers to prepare novel Ch-CDs and facilitate their application in biomedical engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueli Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Meizhe Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Peili Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Anhui Science and Technology University, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - Chunning Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Shiyin Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Yanglei Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Xiaodong Xing
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
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17
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Arcudi F, Đorđević L. Supramolecular Chemistry of Carbon-Based Dots Offers Widespread Opportunities. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2300906. [PMID: 37078923 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202300906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots are an emerging class of nanomaterials that has recently attracted considerable attention for applications that span from biomedicine to energy. These photoluminescent carbon nanoparticles are defined by characteristic sizes of <10 nm, a carbon-based core and various functional groups at their surface. Although the surface groups are widely used to establish non-covalent bonds (through electrostatic interactions, coordinative bonds, and hydrogen bonds) with various other (bio)molecules and polymers, the carbonaceous core could also establish non-covalent bonds (ππ stacking or hydrophobic interactions) with π-extended or apolar compounds. The surface functional groups, in addition, can be modified by various post-synthetic chemical procedures to fine-tune the supramolecular interactions. Our contribution categorizes and analyzes the interactions that are commonly used to engineer carbon dots-based materials and discusses how they have allowed preparation of functional assemblies and architectures used for sensing, (bio)imaging, therapeutic applications, catalysis, and devices. Using non-covalent interactions as a bottom-up approach to prepare carbon dots-based assemblies and composites can exploit the unique features of supramolecular chemistry, which include adaptability, tunability, and stimuli-responsiveness due to the dynamic nature of the non-covalent interactions. It is expected that focusing on the various supramolecular possibilities will influence the future development of this class of nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Arcudi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 1, Padova, 35131, Italy
| | - Luka Đorđević
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 1, Padova, 35131, Italy
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18
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Zhang Y, Xia H, Yang M, Li H, Shan F, Chen Y, Yue X, Wang Z, Yu X. Carbon dots with two-photon fluorescence imaging for efficient synergistic trimodal therapy. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.108197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Bao K, Shi J, Liao F, Huang H, Liu Y, Kang Z. The Advance and Critical Functions of Energetic Carbon Dots in Carbon Dioxide Photo/Electroreduction Reactions. SMALL METHODS 2022; 6:e2200914. [PMID: 36287097 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202200914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
As a unique carbon-based nano material, carbon dots (CDs) have attracted great attention because of their special structures and properties, and have been widely used in various fields, such as bio-imaging technology, catalyst design, pollutant degradation, chemical analysis, clean energy development and so on. CDs are used as catalysts or cocatalysts for multiple energy conversion reactions due to their advantages of valid visible light utilization, fast transmission of charge carriers, excellent catalytic activity, and good electrical conductivity. This review first summarizes the basic structure and properties of CDs. The advance and critical functions of energetic CDs in carbon dioxide photo/electroreduction reactions are discussed in detail. Due to the excellent optical absorption, electron transfer properties and good conductivity of CDs, they can enhance catalytic activity and stability effectively. In the end, the existing problems and future development opportunities of CDs-based catalysts in CO2 reduction reaction are proposed and outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaili Bao
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Jie Shi
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Fan Liao
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Zhenhui Kang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
- Macao Institute of Materials Science and Engineering (MIMSE), MUST-SUDA Joint Research Center for Advanced Functional Materials, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, 999078, China
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20
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Chen Z, Liu Y, Kang Z. Diversity and Tailorability of Photoelectrochemical Properties of Carbon Dots. Acc Chem Res 2022; 55:3110-3124. [PMID: 36240013 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.2c00570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
As a new kind of carbon based functional material, carbon dots (CDs) have sparked much interest in recent years. The tunable structure, composition, and morphology of CDs unlocks opportunities to enable diversity in their photoelectrochemical properties, and thus they show great potential in various applications such as biology, catalysis, sensors, and energy storage. Nevertheless, the related understanding of CDs is insufficient at present due to their inherent complexity of microstructure, which involves the intersection of high polymer, bulk carbon, and quantum dot (QD). A good understanding of the underlying mechanism behind the properties of CDs is still a formidable challenge, requiring the integration of robust knowledge from organic chemistry, materials science, and solid state physics. Within this context, discovering more appealing properties, elucidating fundamental factors that affect the properties and proposing effective engineering strategies that can realize specific functions for CDs are now highly pursued by researchers.At the beginning of this Account, the main features of CDs are introduced, where not only the basic structural, compositional and morphological characteristics but also the rich photoelectrochemical properties are elucidated, among which the band gap, chirality, photoinduced potential, and electron sink effect are particularly emphasized. Furthermore, new analysis techniques including transient photoinduced current (TPC), transient photoinduced voltage (TPV), and machine learning (ML) to reveal the unique properties of CDs are described. Then, several appealing strategies that aim to rationally tailor CDs for oriented applications are highlighted. These regulation strategies are morphology modulation (e.g., developing CDs with new geometrical configuration, controlling the particle size), phase engineering (e.g., altering the phase crystallinity, introducing the foreign atoms), surface functionalization (e.g., grafting various types of functional groups), and interfacial tuning (e.g., building CD-based nanohybrids with well-defined interfaces). Although the fundamental investigation of CDs is relatively undeveloped because of their complexity, this does not hinder their wide application. At the same time, exploring the extensive applications of CDs will promote their in-depth understanding. Finally, the chances for building a CD-centered blueprint for sustainable society are explored and challenges for future research in the field of CDs are proposed as follows: (i) the controllable synthesis of CDs with uniform size; (ii) search for novel CDs with unique structure, morphology, or composition; (iii) quantitative understanding of the property of CDs; (iv) performance enhancement by external forces such as magnetism or heat injection; (v) construction of the dual carbon concept; (vi) further research on different photocatalytic applications. On the whole, this Account may provide meaningful references for the understanding of the microstructure-property correlation as well as the regulation of CDs, thereby promoting their transition from fundamental research to practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziliang Chen
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zhenhui Kang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China.,Zhenhui Kang-Macao Institute of Materials Science and Engineering (MIMSE), MUST-SUDA Joint Research Center for Advanced Functional Materials, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, 999078 Macao, China
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21
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Wang B, Waterhouse GI, Lu S. Carbon dots: mysterious past, vibrant present, and expansive future. TRENDS IN CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trechm.2022.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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