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Pramanik A, Kundu S, Kolawole OP, Gates K, Ray PC. Aspect Ratio and Quantum Confinement Tunable Giant Two-Photon Absorption from 1D CsPbI 3 Perovskite Nanorods. Chem Phys Lett 2024; 835:140952. [PMID: 38047212 PMCID: PMC10691783 DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2023.140952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we investigate the influence of aspect ratio and quantum confinement on the single-photon (σ1) and two-photon absorption cross-section (σ2) for perovskite CsPbI3 nanorod (NR). Notably, experimentally measured data show extremely high σ2 for CsPbI3 NR (10.8 × 107 GM) which is five orders of magnitude higher than organic chromophores, and two order of magnitude higher than CsPbBr3 nanocrystals. Moreover, σ2 for NRs can be enhanced by two-orders of magnitude by varying the aspect ratio and σ1 enhances linearly with aspect ratios. Furthermore, experimental data show moderate quantum confinement effect on the volume-normalized σ1 and σ2 for nanorods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avijit Pramanik
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Sanchita Kundu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, USA
| | | | - Kaelin Gates
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Paresh Chandra Ray
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, USA
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2
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Rodríguez Ortiz F, Zhao B, Wen JR, Yim JE, Bauer G, Champ A, Sheldon MT. The Anisotropic Complex Dielectric Function of CsPbBr 3 Perovskite Nanorods Obtained via an Iterative Matrix Inversion Method. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2023; 127:14812-14821. [PMID: 38356733 PMCID: PMC10863055 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.3c03423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Colloidal lead halide perovskite nanorods have recently emerged as promising optoelectronic materials. However, more information about how shape anisotropy impacts their complex dielectric function is required to aid the development of applications that take advantage of the strongly polarized absorption and emission. Here, we have determined the anisotropy of the complex dielectric function of CsPbBr3 nanorods by analyzing the ensemble absorption spectra in conjunction with the ensemble spectral fluorescence anisotropy. This strategy allows us to distinguish the absorption of light parallel and perpendicular to the main axis so that the real and imaginary components of the dielectric function along each direction can be determined by the use of an iterative matrix inversion (IMI) methodology. We find that quantum confinement gives rise to unique axis-dependent electronic features in the dielectric function that increase the overall fluorescence anisotropy in addition to the optical anisotropy that results from particle shape, even in the absence of quantum confinement. Further, the procedure outlined here provides a strategy for obtaining anisotropic complex dielectric functions of colloidal materials of varying composition and aspect ratios using ensemble solution-phase spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Boqin Zhao
- Department
of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Je-Ruei Wen
- Department
of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Ju Eun Yim
- Department
of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Giselle Bauer
- Department
of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Anna Champ
- Department
of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Matthew T. Sheldon
- Department
of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas
A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
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Garai A, Vishnu EK, Banerjee S, Nair AAK, Bera S, Thomas KG, Pradhan N. Vertex-Oriented Cube-Connected Pattern in CsPbBr 3 Perovskite Nanorods and Their Optical Properties: An Ensemble to Single-Particle Study. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37317943 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c03759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The design of cube-connected nanorods is accomplished by connecting seed nanocrystals of a defined shape in a particular orientation or by etching selective facets of preformed nanorods. In lead halide perovskite nanostructures, which retain mostly a hexahedron cube shape, such patterned nanorods can be designed with the anisotropic direction along the edge, vertex, or facet of seed cubes. Combining the Cs-sublattice platform for transforming metal halides to halide perovskites with facet-specific ligand binding chemistry, herein, vertex-oriented patterning of nanocubes in one-dimensional (1D) rod structures is reported. By tuning the length of host metal halides, their lengths could also be tuned from 100 nm to nearly 1000 nm. The symmetry of the hexagonal phase of host halide CsCdBr3 and product orthorhombic CsPbBr3 helped in maintaining the vertex [201] as the anisotropic direction. Neutral exciton recombination rates, extracted from photoluminescence blinking traces, showed a systematic increase from isolated cubes to cube-connected nanorods of various lengths. Efficient coupling of wave functions in vertex-oriented cube assemblies permits exciton delocalization. Our findings on carrier delocalization in cube-connected nanorods along their vertex direction having minimum interfacial contacts provide valuable insights into the fundamental chemistry of assembling anisotropic halide perovskite nanostructures as conducting wires.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arghyadeep Garai
- School of Materials Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - E Krishnan Vishnu
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER TVM), Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram 695551, India
| | - Souvik Banerjee
- School of Materials Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Anoop Ajaya Kumar Nair
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER TVM), Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram 695551, India
| | - Suman Bera
- School of Materials Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - K George Thomas
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER TVM), Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram 695551, India
| | - Narayan Pradhan
- School of Materials Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
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Wani T, Shamsi J, Bai X, Arora N, Dar MI. Advances in All-Inorganic Perovskite Nanocrystal-Based White Light Emitting Devices. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:17337-17349. [PMID: 37251151 PMCID: PMC10210016 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Metal halide perovskites (MHPs) are exceptional semiconductors best known for their intriguing properties, such as high absorption coefficients, tunable bandgaps, excellent charge transport, and high luminescence yields. Among various MHPs, all-inorganic perovskites exhibit benefits over hybrid compositions. Notably, critical properties, including chemical and structural stability, could be improved by employing organic-cation-free MHPs in optoelectronic devices such as solar cells and light-emitting devices (LEDs). Due to their enticing features, including spectral tunability over the entire visible spectrum with high color purity, all-inorganic perovskites have become a focus of intense research for LEDs. This Review explores and discusses the application of all-inorganic CsPbX3 nanocrystals (NCs) in developing blue and white LEDs. We discuss the challenges perovskite-based LEDs (PLEDs) face and the potential strategies adopted to establish state-of-the-art synthetic routes to obtain rational control over dimensions and shape symmetry without compromising the optoelectronic properties. Finally, we emphasize the significance of matching the driving currents of different LED chips and balancing the aging and temperature of individual chips to realize efficient, uniform, and stable white electroluminescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tajamul
A. Wani
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Javad Shamsi
- Cavendish
Laboratory, Department of Physics, University
of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United
Kingdom
| | - Xinyu Bai
- Cavendish
Laboratory, Department of Physics, University
of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United
Kingdom
| | - Neha Arora
- Cavendish
Laboratory, Department of Physics, University
of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United
Kingdom
- Department
of Chemistry, University College London, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - M. Ibrahim Dar
- Cavendish
Laboratory, Department of Physics, University
of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United
Kingdom
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Behera RK, Bera S, Pradhan N. Hexahedron Symmetry and Multidirectional Facet Coupling of Orthorhombic CsPbBr 3 Nanocrystals. ACS NANO 2023; 17:7007-7016. [PMID: 36996308 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c01617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The cube shape of orthorhombic phase CsPbBr3 nanocrystals possesses the ability of selective facet packing that leads to 1D, 2D, and 3D nanostructures. In solution, their transformation with linear one-dimensional packing to nanorods/nanowires is extensively studied. Here, multifacet coupling in two directions of the truncated cube nanocrystals to rod couples and then to single-crystalline rectangular rods is reported. With extensive high-resolution transmission electron microscopy image analysis, length and width directions of these nanorods are derived. For the seed cube structures, finding {110} and {002} facets has remained difficult as these possess the hexahedron symmetry and their size remains smaller; however, for nanorods, these planes and the ⟨110⟩ and ⟨001⟩ directions are clearly identified. From nanocrystal to nanorod formation, the alignment directions are observed as random (as shown in the abstract graphic), and this could vary from one to the other rods obtained in the same batch of samples. Moreover, seed nanocrystal connections are derived here as not random and are rather induced by addition of the calculated amount of additional Pb(II). The same has also been extended to nanocubes obtained from different literature methods. It is predicted that a Pb-bromide buffer octahedra layer was created to connect two cubes, and this can connect along one, two, or even more facets of cubes simultaneously to connect other cubes and form different nanostructures. Hence, these results here provide some basic fundamentals of seed cube connections, the driving force to connect those, trapping the intermediate to visualize their alignments for attachments, and identifying and establishing the orthorhombic ⟨110⟩ and ⟨001⟩ directions of the length and width of CsPbBr3 nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Kumar Behera
- School of Materials Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Suman Bera
- School of Materials Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Narayan Pradhan
- School of Materials Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
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