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Zhang Q, Li W, Zhao R, Tang P, Zhao J, Wu G, Chen X, Hu M, Yuan K, Li J, Yang X. Real-time observation of two distinctive non-thermalized hot electron dynamics at MXene/molecule interfaces. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4406. [PMID: 38782991 PMCID: PMC11116487 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48842-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The photoinduced non-thermalized hot electrons at an interface play a pivotal role in determining plasmonic driven chemical events. However, understanding non-thermalized electron dynamics, which precedes electron thermalization (~125 fs), remains a grand challenge. Herein, we simultaneously captured the dynamics of both molecules and non-thermalized electrons in the MXene/molecule complexes by femtosecond time-resolved spectroscopy. The real-time observation allows for distinguishing non-thermalized and thermalized electron responses. Differing from the thermalized electron/heat transfer, our results reveal two non-thermalized electron dynamical pathways: (i) the non-thermalized electrons directly transfer to attached molecules at an interface within 50 fs; (ii) the non-thermalized electrons scatter at the interface within 125 fs, inducing adsorbed molecules heating. These two distinctive pathways are dependent on the irradiating wavelength and the energy difference between MXene and adsorbed molecules. This research sheds light on the fundamental mechanism and opens opportunities in photocatalysis and interfacial heat transfer theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Institute of Medical Photonics, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, P.R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Suzhou Laboratory, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
- GuSu Laboratory of Materials, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ruixuan Zhao
- Institute of Medical Photonics, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China
| | - Peizhe Tang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China
| | - Jie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, P.R. China
| | - Guorong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, P.R. China
| | - Xin Chen
- Suzhou Laboratory, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
- GuSu Laboratory of Materials, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingjun Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China
| | - Kaijun Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, P.R. China.
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei, 230088, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Jiebo Li
- Institute of Medical Photonics, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China.
| | - Xueming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, P.R. China
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei, 230088, China
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Advanced Light Source Research, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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Pang X, Lee H, Rong J, Zhu Q, Xu S. Self-Thermal Management in Filtered Selenium-Terminated MXene Films for Flexible Safe Batteries. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2309580. [PMID: 38705865 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202309580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Li-ion batteries with superior interior thermal management are crucial to prevent thermal runaway and ensure safe, long-lasting operation at high temperatures or during rapid discharging and charging. Typically, such thermal management is achieved by focusing on the separator and electrolyte. Here, the study introduces a Se-terminated MXene free-standing electrode with exceptional electrical conductivity and low infrared emissivity, synergistically combining high-rate capacity with reduced heat radiation for safe, large, and fast Li+ storage. This is achieved through a one-step organic Lewis acid-assisted gas-phase reaction and vacuum filtration. The Se-terminated Nb2Se2C outperformed conventional disordered O/OH/F-terminated materials, enhancing Li+-storage capacity by ≈1.5 times in the fifth cycle (221 mAh·g-1 at 1 A·g-1) and improving mid-infrared adsorption with low thermal radiation. These benefits result from its superior electrical conductivity, excellent structural stability, and high permittivity in the infrared region. Calculations further reveal that increased permittivity and conductivity along the z-direction can reduce heat radiation from electrodes. This work highlights the potential of surface groups-terminated layered material-based free-standing flexible electrodes with self-thermal management ability for safe, fast energy storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Pang
- State Key Lab of High-Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Hyunjin Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, 16802, USA
| | - Jingzhi Rong
- State Key Lab of High-Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Qiaoyu Zhu
- State Key Lab of High-Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Shumao Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, 16802, USA
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3
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Kouao DS, Grochowska K, Stranak V, Sezemsky P, Gumieniak J, Kramek A, Karczewski J, Coy E, Hanus J, Kylian O, Sawczak M, Siuzdak K. Laser-Treated MXene as an Electrochemical Agent to Boost Properties of Semitransparent Photoelectrode Based on Titania Nanotubes. ACS NANO 2024; 18:10165-10183. [PMID: 38533789 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c00092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
In this study, Ti3C2Tx underwent laser treatment to reshape it, resulting in the formation of a TiO2/Ti3C2Tx heterojunction. The interaction with laser light induced the formation of spherical TiO2 composed of an anatase-rutile phase on the Ti3C2Tx surface. Such a heterostructure was loaded over a titania nanotube (TNT) layer, and the surface area was enhanced through immersion in a TiCl4 solution followed by thermal treatment. Consequently, the photon-to-electron conversion efficiency exhibits a 10-fold increase as compared to bare TNT. Moreover, for the sample produced with optimized conditions, five times higher photoactivity is observed in comparison to bare TNT. It was shown that under visible light irradiation the most photoactive heterojunction based on the tubular layer reveals a substantial drop in the charge transfer resistance of about 32% with respect to the dark condition. This can be attributed to the narrower band gaps of the modified material and improvement of the separation efficiency of the photogenerated electron-hole pairs. Overall results suggest that this investigation underscores TiO2/Ti3C2Tx as a promising noble-metal-free material that enhances both the electrochemical and photoelectrochemical performances of electrode materials based on TNT that can be further used in light-harvesting applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dujearic-Stephane Kouao
- Centre for Plasma and Laser Engineering, Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery, Polish Academy of Sciences, Fiszera 14 St., 80-231 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Grochowska
- Centre for Plasma and Laser Engineering, Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery, Polish Academy of Sciences, Fiszera 14 St., 80-231 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Vitezslav Stranak
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 37005 České Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Sezemsky
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 37005 České Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Justyna Gumieniak
- The Faculty of Mechanics and Technology, Rzeszów University of Technology, Kwiatkowskiego 4 St., 37-450 Stalowa Wola, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kramek
- The Faculty of Mechanics and Technology, Rzeszów University of Technology, Kwiatkowskiego 4 St., 37-450 Stalowa Wola, Poland
| | - Jakub Karczewski
- Faculty of Applied Physics and Mathematics, Institute of Nanotechnology and Materials Engineering, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12 St., 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Emerson Coy
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3 St., 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Jan Hanus
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, V Holesovickach 2, 180 00 Praha 8, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Kylian
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, V Holesovickach 2, 180 00 Praha 8, Czech Republic
| | - Mirosław Sawczak
- Centre for Plasma and Laser Engineering, Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery, Polish Academy of Sciences, Fiszera 14 St., 80-231 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Siuzdak
- Centre for Plasma and Laser Engineering, Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery, Polish Academy of Sciences, Fiszera 14 St., 80-231 Gdańsk, Poland
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4
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He X, Yang DS. Nanoscale Energy Transport Dynamics across Nonbonded Solid-Molecule Interfaces and in Molecular Thin Films. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:11457-11464. [PMID: 38085824 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Thermal conductance across a solid-solid interface requires an atomic- or molecular-level understanding, especially when a system is in a non-equilibrium state and/or consists of nanosized materials with prominent differences in structures, properties, and vibrational behaviors. Here, we report the lattice dynamics of graphite-supported molecular thin films of ethanol, whose layers exhibit in-plane hydrogen-bonded chains and out-of-plane van der Waals stacking with clear structural anisotropy. The direct structure-probing method of ultrafast electron diffraction reveals a surprising temperature difference of more than 400 K at pico- to sub-nanosecond times across the graphite-ethanol interface, yet the temporal behavior signifies a reasonably large thermal boundary conductance. This apparent conflict in a non-equilibrium condition can be resolved by considering the coupling of out-of-plane motions, instead of the commonly used temperature-based model, at transient times for energy transport across the interface separated by van der Waals interactions with mismatched unit sizes and no strong bonds. The importance of spatiotemporally resolved structural dynamics at the atomic or molecular level is emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing He
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Ding-Shyue Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
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5
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Zhao J, Zhang Q, Sui L, Niu G, Zhang Y, Wu G, Yu S, Yuan K, Yang X. Evidence of Surface-Mediated Carrier-Phonon Scattering in MXene. ACS NANO 2023. [PMID: 38009540 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c07431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
In a two-dimensional (2D) metallic nanostructure, when a sample's thickness is shorter than a carrier mean free path, the ultrathin thickness may influence carrier and energy transport, owing to surface scattering. However, to date, for metallic 2D transition-metal carbides (MXenes), experiments and calculations related to surface scattering have not been performed. The contribution of ultrathin structures to carrier surface scattering in MXene is yet to be explored. Herein, to reveal this effect, we design various models, including metal/MXene, dielectric/MXene, and bulk structure, and analyze their carrier dynamics via ultrafast spectroscopy. The results related to carrier dynamics indicate that the influence of the dielectric/MXene interface and the temperature is negligible. In contrast, the carrier dynamic lifetimes are prolonged owing to weakened surface scattering in metal/MXene, which is supported by ab initio calculations. These results suggest that the carrier-phonon scattering is dominated by surface scattering. These findings can help guide effective energy transport and enhance energy conversion and catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhao
- Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Studies, Zhejiang Normal University, Hangzhou 311231, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Laizhi Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Guangming Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yutong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Guorong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Shengrui Yu
- Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Studies, Zhejiang Normal University, Hangzhou 311231, China
| | - Kaijun Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Xueming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei 230088, China
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Advanced Light Source Research, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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6
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Malekzadeh R, Mortezazadeh T, Abdulsahib WK, Babaye Abdollahi B, Hamblin MR, Mansoori B, Alsaikhan F, Zeng B. Nanoarchitecture-based photothermal ablation of cancer: A systematic review. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 236:116526. [PMID: 37487920 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Photothermal therapy (PTT) is an emerging non-invasive method used in cancer treatment. In PTT, near-infrared laser light is absorbed by a chromophore and converted into heat within the tumor tissue. PTT for cancer usually combines a variety of interactive plasmonic nanomaterials with laser irradiation. PTT enjoys PT agents with high conversion efficiency to convert light into heat to destroy malignant tissue. In this review, published studies concerned with the use of nanoparticles (NPs) in PTT were collected by a systematic and comprehensive search of PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, and Scopus databases. Gold, silver and iron NPs were the most frequent choice in PTT. The use of surface modified NPs allowed selective delivery and led to a precise controlled increase in the local temperature. The presence of NPs during PTT can increase the reactive generation of oxygen species, damage the DNA and mitochondria, leading to cancer cell death mainly via apoptosis. Many studies recently used core-shell metal NPs, and the effects of the polymer coating or ligands targeted to specific cellular receptors in order to increase PTT efficiency were often reported. The effective parameters (NP type, size, concentration, coated polymers or attached ligands, exposure conditions, cell line or type, and cell death mechanisms) were investigated individually. With the advances in chemical synthesis technology, NPs with different shapes, sizes, and coatings can be prepared with desirable properties, to achieve multimodal cancer treatment with precision and specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Malekzadeh
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Medical Radiation Science Research Team, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Tohid Mortezazadeh
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Waleed K Abdulsahib
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Al Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Behnaz Babaye Abdollahi
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa
| | - Behzad Mansoori
- The Wistar Institute, Cellular and Molecular Oncogenesis Program, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Fahad Alsaikhan
- College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bo Zeng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, China.
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7
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Gui H, Zhao X, Zuo S, Liu W, Wang C, Xu P, Ding Y, Yao C. Carbonized Syndiotactic Polystyrene/Carbon Nanotube/MXene Hybrid Aerogels with Egg-Box Structure: A Platform for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding and Solar Thermal Energy Management. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:39740-39751. [PMID: 37556599 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c08176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Functional materials for electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding are a consistently hot topic in the booming communication engineering, proceeding the development that tends to the multifunctional EMI shielding materials. Herein, a series of carbonized syndiotactic polystyrene/carbon nanotube/MXene (CsPS/CNT/MXene) hybrid aerogels were fabricated for EMI shielding and solar thermal energy conversion purposes. To fabricate the hybrid aerogels, a porous CNT/MXene framework was initially prepared using freeze-casting. Subsequently, sPS was infused into the porous structure, followed by hyper-cross-linking and carbonization of sPS under an inert atmosphere. The resulting aerogels exhibited a distinctive egg-box structure, comprising numerous nanofibrous carbon microspheres embedded within the lamellar framework. The mass ratio between CNT and MXene was regulated to identify an optimum aerogel, that is, the CCM-4-6, which exhibited impressive properties including Young's compression modulus of 0.67 MPa, a water contact angle of 137.6 ± 4.1°, a specific surface area of 110 m2 g-1, an electrical conductivity of 43.0 S m-1, and an EMI SE value of 40 dB. Meanwhile, phase-change composites were fabricated through encapsulating paraffin wax within the hybrid aerogels. For the CCM-4-6 aerogel, a noteworthy encapsulation ratio was achieved at about 76.7%, along with remarkable latent heat, good thermal reliability, and commendable solar thermal energy conversion capacity. This study presents a facile route to prepare multifunctional EMI shielding materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoguan Gui
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Xiaonan Zhao
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Shixiang Zuo
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Wenjie Liu
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Chunyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China
| | - Pei Xu
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Yunsheng Ding
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Chao Yao
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
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Abstract
MXenes with their unique electronic, optical, chemical, and mechanical properties have shown great promise in soft robotics. MXene-based soft actuators have been designed to display ultrafast actuations and recovery speeds as well as angle-independent structural colors in response to vapor. Several studies have developed soft actuators by combining MXenes with other materials to mimic the movement of natural organisms. Thus, MXene-based soft actuators have the potential to revolutionize the field of soft robotics and flexible electronics (e.g., wearable devices and artificial muscles). MXene-based artificial muscles have been explored for use in kinetic soft robotics as actuators in microsystems requiring exceptional compliance. MXene-based sensors and actuators have already been developed for human-like sensors and photodetection. However, there are still challenges that need to be addressed in such applications, such as the design of stretchable and compliant robotic skins with a high-level functional integration for soft robotics. The integration of various devices, such as power sources, sensors, and actuators, into soft robotics is another crucial challenge. Despite the excellent stretchability and tensile strength of MXene-based composites, there is a vital need to develop their mechanical and electrochemical features and grant them multi-functionalities. Herein, recent developments pertaining to the applications of MXenes and their composites in soft robotics are discussed with a focus on the important challenges and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siavash Iravani
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, 81746-73461, Iran.
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