1
|
Kohila Rani K, Xiao YH, Devasenathipathy R, Gao K, Wang J, Kang X, Zhu C, Chen H, Jiang L, Liu Q, Qiao F, Li Z, Wu DY, Lu G. Raman Monitoring of the Electro-Optical Synergy-Induced Enhancements in Carbon-Bromine Bond Cleavage, Reaction Rate, and Product Selectivity of p-Bromothiophenol. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:27831-27840. [PMID: 38757708 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c01259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Electro-optical synergy has recently been targeted to improve the separation of hot carriers and thereby further improve the efficiency of plasmon-mediated chemical reactions (PMCRs). However, the electro-optical synergy in PMCRs needs to be more deeply understood, and its contribution to bond dissociation and product selectivity needs to be clarified. Herein, the electro-optical synergy in plasmon-mediated reduction of p-bromothiophenol (PBTP) was studied on a plasmonic nanostructured silver electrode using in situ Raman spectroscopy and theoretical calculations. It was found that the electro-optical synergy-induced enhancements in the cleavage of carbon-bromine bonds, reaction rate, and product selectivity (4,4'-biphenyl dithiol vs thiophenol) were largely affected by the applied bias, laser wavelength, and laser power. The theoretical simulation further clarified that the strong electro-optical synergy is attributed to the matching of energy band diagrams of the plasmonic silver with those of the adsorbed PBTP molecules. A deep understanding of the electro-optical synergy in PBTP reduction and the clarification of the mechanism will be highly beneficial for the development of other highly efficient PMCRs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karuppasamy Kohila Rani
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics, School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), and Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Yuan-Hui Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Rajkumar Devasenathipathy
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics, School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), and Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Kun Gao
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics, School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), and Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Jiazheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Xing Kang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics, School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), and Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Chengcheng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics, School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), and Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Haonan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics, School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), and Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Lu Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics, School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), and Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Qinghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics, School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), and Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Furong Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics, School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), and Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Zhuoyao Li
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics, School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), and Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - De-Yin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Gang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics, School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), and Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Roh Y, Jin Y, Jeon B, Park Y, Yu K, Park JY. Revealing the Loss Mechanism of Chemically-Induced Hot Electron Transport. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:3490-3497. [PMID: 38466136 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c00330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Hot electrons are crucial for unraveling the intrinsic relationship between chemical reactions and charge transfer in heterogeneous catalysis. Significant research focused on real-time detection of reaction-driven hot electron flow (chemicurrent) to elucidate the energy conversion mechanisms, but it remains elusive because carrier generation contributes to only part of the entire process. Here, a theoretical model for quantifying the chemicurrent yield is presented by clarifying the contributions of hot carrier losses from the internal emission and multiple reflections. The experimental chemicurrent yield verifies our model with a reliable mean free path of hot electrons, emphasizing the importance of comprehensive consideration of the transport process besides hot electron generation. Moreover, Pt nanoparticles (NPs)-decorated Au/TiO2 is examined, showing the role of NPs-induced carrier losses in the performance of catalytic nanodiodes. These findings are expected to contribute to understanding the hot electron detection efficiency and designing nanodiodes with enhanced hot carrier flow and catalytic activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yujin Roh
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonghoon Jin
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Beomjoon Jeon
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujin Park
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoungsik Yu
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Young Park
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ashrafi-Peyman Z, Jafargholi A, Moshfegh AZ. An elliptical nanoantenna array plasmonic metasurface for efficient solar energy harvesting. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:3591-3605. [PMID: 38270171 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr05657k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Plasmonic metasurfaces with subwavelength nanoantenna arrays have attracted much attention for their ability to control and manage optical properties. Solar absorbers are potential candidates for effectively converting photons into heat and electricity. This study introduces a novel ultrathin metasurface solar absorber employing elliptical-shaped nanoantenna arrays. We theoretically and numerically demonstrate a near-perfect broadband absorber with over 90% absorption efficiency in a wide range of wavelengths of 300-2500 nm, using finite element (FEM) and finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) methods. The proposed nanostructure configuration enhances light absorption by exciting localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs) between elliptical-shaped nanoantenna gaps at many wavelengths, maintaining stability at wide incident angles and insensitivity to light polarization. Compared to other state-of-the-art absorbers with a thickness of less than 300 nm, the designed nanostructure with 260 nm thickness achieves over 90% optical absorption across a broad range of wavelengths of 300-1116 nm in air (or vacuum) environments and performs effectively under water conditions for solar energy harvesting in a range of wavelengths of 300-1436 nm, and therefore can serve as a solar evaporator. Combining refractory plasmonic titanium nitride (TiN) and semiconductor gallium nitride (GaN) nanostructures holds great potential for efficient optoelectronic and photocatalytic applications, especially in harsh and high-temperature environments like thermophotovoltaic systems. The TiN-based metasurface absorber, with its ultrathin nanostructure and suitable spectral absorption in ultraviolet-visible-infrared spectra, offers scalability and cost-effectiveness. The findings in this work will deepen our understanding of LSPRs and pave a novel path for efficient solar energy conversion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Ashrafi-Peyman
- Department of Physics, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 11555-9161, Iran.
| | - Amir Jafargholi
- Laboratory of Wave Engineering, School of Electrical Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Energy Engineering and Physics, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran 15875-4413, Iran
| | - Alireza Z Moshfegh
- Department of Physics, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 11555-9161, Iran.
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Institute for Convergence Science & Technology (ICST), Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 11365-8639, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Dall’Osto G, Marsili M, Vanzan M, Toffoli D, Stener M, Corni S, Coccia E. Peeking into the Femtosecond Hot-Carrier Dynamics Reveals Unexpected Mechanisms in Plasmonic Photocatalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:2208-2218. [PMID: 38199967 PMCID: PMC10811681 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c12470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Plasmonic-driven photocatalysis may lead to reaction selectivity that cannot be otherwise achieved. A fundamental role is played by hot carriers, i.e., electrons and holes generated upon plasmonic decay within the metal nanostructure interacting with molecular species. Understanding the elusive microscopic mechanism behind such selectivity is a key step in the rational design of hot-carrier reactions. To accomplish that, we present state-of-the-art multiscale simulations, going beyond density functional theory, of hot-carrier injections for the rate-determining step of a photocatalytic reaction. We focus on carbon dioxide reduction, for which it was experimentally shown that the presence of a rhodium nanocube under illumination leads to the selective production of methane against carbon monoxide. We show that selectivity is due to a (predominantly) direct hole injection from rhodium to the reaction intermediate CHO. Unexpectedly, such an injection does not promote the selective reaction path by favoring proper bond breaking but rather by promoting bonding of the proper molecular fragment to the surface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Dall’Osto
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, Università di
Padova, via F. Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Margherita Marsili
- Dipartimento
di Fisica e Astronomia “Augusto Righi”, University of Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 6/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Mirko Vanzan
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, Università di
Padova, via F. Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento
di Fisica, University of Milan, Via Giovanni Celoria 16, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Daniele Toffoli
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, University
of Trieste, via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Mauro Stener
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, University
of Trieste, via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Stefano Corni
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, Università di
Padova, via F. Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Istituto
Nanoscienze-CNR, via
Campi 213/A, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Emanuele Coccia
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, University
of Trieste, via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ku YC, Kuo MK, Liaw JW. Streamlines of the Poynting Vector and Chirality Flux around a Plasmonic Bowtie Nanoantenna. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 14:61. [PMID: 38202516 PMCID: PMC10781037 DOI: 10.3390/nano14010061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The streamlines of the energy flux (Poynting vectors) and chirality flux as well as the intensity of the electric field around various plasmonic nanostructures (nanocube, nanocuboid, nanotriangle, hexagonal nanoplate and bowtie nanoantenna) induced by a circularly polarized (CP) or linearly polarized (LP) light were studied theoretically. The boundary element method combined with the method of moment was used to solve a set of surface integral equations, based on the Stratton-Chu formulation, for analyzing the highly distorted electromagnetic (EM) field in the proximity of these nanostructures. We discovered that the winding behavior of these streamlines exhibits versatility for various modes of the surface plasmon resonance of different nanostructures. Recently, using plasmonic nanostructures to facilitate a photochemical reaction has gained significant attention, where the hot carriers (electrons) play important roles. Our findings reveal a connection between the flow pattern of energy flux and the morphology of the photochemical deposition around various plasmonic nanostructures irradiated by a CP light. For example, numerical results exhibit vertically helical streamlines of the Poynting vector around an Au nanocube and transversely twisted-roll streamlines around a nanocuboid. Additionally, the behaviors of the winding energy and chirality fluxes at the gap and corners of a plasmonic bowtie nanoantenna, implying a highly twisted EM field, depend on the polarization of the incident LP light. Our analysis of the streamlines of the Poynting vector and chirality flux offers an insight into the formation of plasmon-enhanced photocatalysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Cheng Ku
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Rd., Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Mao-Kuen Kuo
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Jiunn-Woei Liaw
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Rd., Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City 24301, Taiwan
- Proton and Radiation Therapy Center, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333423, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kiani F, Bowman AR, Sabzehparvar M, Karaman CO, Sundararaman R, Tagliabue G. Transport and Interfacial Injection of d-Band Hot Holes Control Plasmonic Chemistry. ACS ENERGY LETTERS 2023; 8:4242-4250. [PMID: 37854045 PMCID: PMC10580318 DOI: 10.1021/acsenergylett.3c01505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Harnessing nonequilibrium hot carriers from plasmonic metal nanostructures constitutes a vibrant research field with the potential to control photochemical reactions, particularly for solar fuel generation. However, a comprehensive understanding of the interplay of plasmonic hot-carrier-driven processes in metal/semiconducting heterostructures has remained elusive. In this work, we reveal the complex interdependence among plasmon excitation, hot-carrier generation, transport, and interfacial collection in plasmonic photocatalytic devices, uniquely determining the charge injection efficiency at the solid/liquid interface. Measuring the internal quantum efficiency of ultrathin (14-33 nm) single-crystalline plasmonic gold (Au) nanoantenna arrays on titanium dioxide substrates, we find that the performance of the device is limited by hot hole collection at the metal/electrolyte interface. Our solid- and liquid-state experimental approach, combined with ab initio simulations, demonstrates more efficient collection of high-energy d-band holes traveling in the [111] orientation, enhancing oxidation reactions on {111} surfaces. These findings establish new guidelines for optimizing plasmonic photocatalytic systems and optoelectronic devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Kiani
- Laboratory
of Nanoscience for Energy Technologies (LNET), STI, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alan R. Bowman
- Laboratory
of Nanoscience for Energy Technologies (LNET), STI, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Milad Sabzehparvar
- Laboratory
of Nanoscience for Energy Technologies (LNET), STI, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Can O. Karaman
- Laboratory
of Nanoscience for Energy Technologies (LNET), STI, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ravishankar Sundararaman
- Department
of Materials Science & Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 Eighth Street, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Giulia Tagliabue
- Laboratory
of Nanoscience for Energy Technologies (LNET), STI, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|