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Tang X, Shen H, Huang H, Li L, Luo F, Tian G, Deng H, Teo BK, Zheng N. A Versatile Strategy for the Controlled Synthesis of Atomically Precise Palladium Nanoclusters. SMALL METHODS 2024:e2400040. [PMID: 38682590 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202400040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
The study of the structures, applications, and structure-property relationships of atomically precise metal nanoclusters relies heavily on their controlled synthesis. Although great progress has been made in the controlled synthesis of Group 11 (Cu, Ag, Au) metal nanoclusters, the preparation of Pd nanoclusters remains a grand challenge. Herein, a new, simple, and versatile synthetic strategy for the controlled synthesis of Pd nanoclusters is reported with tailorable structures and functions. The synthesis strategy involves the controllable transformations of Pd4(CO)4(CH3COO)4 in air, allowing the discovery of a family of Pd nanoclusters with well-defined structure and high yield. For example, by treating the Pd4(CO)4(CH3COO)4 with 2,2-dipyridine ligands, two clusters of Pd4 and Pd10 whose metal framework describes the growth of vertex-sharing tetrahedra have been selectively isolated. Interestingly, chiral Pd4 nanoclusters can be gained by virtue of customized chiral pyridine-imine ligands, thus representing a pioneering example to shed light on the hierarchical chiral nanostructures of Pd. This synthetic methodology also tolerates a wide variety of ligands and affords phosphine-ligated Pd nanoclusters in a simple way. It is believed that the successful exploration of the synthetic strategy would simulate the research enthusiasm on both the synthesis and application of atomically precise Pd nanoclusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiongkai Tang
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, and National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Hui Shen
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, and National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Huayu Huang
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, and National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Lei Li
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, and National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Fan Luo
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, and National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Guolong Tian
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, and National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Hongwen Deng
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, and National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Boon K Teo
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, and National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Nanfeng Zheng
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, and National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
- Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen, 361102, China
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Xiang H, Cheng R, Ruan C, Meng C, Gan Y, Cheng W, Zhao Y, Xu CQ, Li J, Yao C. A homologous series of macrocyclic Ni clusters: synthesis, structures, and catalytic properties. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:4563-4570. [PMID: 38305474 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr06015b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Due to their intriguing ring structures and promising applications, nickel-thiolate clusters, such as [Nin(SR)2n] (n = 4-6), have attracted tremendous interest. However, investigation of the synthesis, structures, and properties of macrocyclic Nin clusters (n > 8) has been seriously impeded. In this work, a homologous series of macrocyclic nickel clusters, Nin(4MPT)2n (n = 9-12), was fabricated by using 4-methylphenthiophenol (4MPT) as the ligand. The structures and compositions of the clusters were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SXRD) in combination with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). Experimental results and theoretical calculations show that the electronic structures of the clusters do not change significantly with the increase of Ni atoms. The coordination interactions between Ni and S atoms in [NiS4] subunits are proved to play a crucial rule in the remarkable stability of Ni clusters. Finally, these clusters display excellent catalytic activity towards the reduction of p-nitrophenol, and a linear correlation between catalytic activity and ring size was revealed. The study provides a facile approach to macrocyclic homoleptic nickel clusters, and contributes to an in-depth understanding of the structure-property correlations of nickel clusters at the atomic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixin Xiang
- Strait Institute of Flexible Electronics, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China.
- Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Ranran Cheng
- Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Chenhao Ruan
- Strait Institute of Flexible Electronics, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China.
- Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Changqing Meng
- Strait Institute of Flexible Electronics, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China.
- Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Yuzheng Gan
- Strait Institute of Flexible Electronics, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China.
- Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Wanyu Cheng
- Strait Institute of Flexible Electronics, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China.
| | - Yue Zhao
- Coordination Chemistry Institute, State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Cong-Qiao Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
- Department of Chemistry and Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare-Earth Materials of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, China
| | - Chuanhao Yao
- Strait Institute of Flexible Electronics, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China.
- Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
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Wijesinghe KH, Hood C, Mattern D, Angel LA, Dass A. Ion mobility-tandem mass spectrometry of bulky tert-butyl thiol ligated gold nanoparticles. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2024; 59:e4998. [PMID: 38263883 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) synthesized in the 1-3 nm range have a specific number of gold core atoms and outer protecting ligands. They have become one of the "hot topics" in recent decades because of their interesting physical and chemical properties. The characterization of their structures is usually achieved by crystal X-ray diffraction although the structures of some AuNPs remain unknown because they have not been successfully crystallized. An alternative method for studying the structure of AuNPs is electrospray ionization-ion mobility-tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-IM-MSMS). This research evaluated how effectively ESI-IM-MSMS using the commercially available Waters Synapt XS instrument yielded useful structural information from two AuNPs; Au23 (S-tBu)16 and Au30 (S-tBu)18 . The study used the maximum range of available collision energies along with ion mobility separation to measure the energy-dependence of the product ions and their drift times which is a measure of their spatial size. For Au23 (S-tBu)16 , the dissociation gave the masses of the outer protecting monomeric [RS-Au-SR] and trimeric [SR-Au-SR-Au-SR-Au-SR] staples where R = tBu, and complete dissociation of the outer layer Au and tBu groups to reveal the Au15 S8 core. For Au30 (S-tBu)18 , the dissociation products was primarily through the loss of the partial ligands S-tBu and tBu from the outer protecting layer and the loss of single Au4 (S-tBu)4 unit. These results showed the that ESI-IM-MSMS analysis of the smaller Au23 (S-tBu)16 gave information on all it major structural components whereas for Au30 (S-tBu)18 , the overall structural information was limited to the ligands of the outer layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalpani H Wijesinghe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, USA
| | - Christopher Hood
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, USA
| | - Daniell Mattern
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, USA
| | - Laurence A Angel
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University-Commerce, Commerce, Texas, USA
| | - Amala Dass
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, USA
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Liu C, Li Y, He Z, Yang Y, Wu C, Fan W, Xu WW, Li MB. Reduction-Oxidation Cascade Strategy for Reforming a Au 13-Kerneled Gold Thiolate Nanocluster. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:11558-11564. [PMID: 38096134 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c03021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanoclusters protected by thiolate ligands are ideal models for investigating the structure-property correlation of nanomaterals. Introducing relatively weak coordinating ligands into gold thiolate nanoclusters and thus reforming their structures is beneficial for further releasing their activities. However, controlling the selectivity of the process is a challenging task. In this work, we report a cascade strategy for deeply and purposefully reforming the structures of gold thiolate nanoclusters, exemplified by a Au13-kerneled Au23 nanocluster. Specifically, weakly coordinated triphenylphosphine was utilized to reduce (activate) the surface of Au23, enabling its further structural reformation by the following oxidation step. A structurally distinctive Au20 nanocluster was obtained based on this reduction-oxidation cascade strategy. Mechanism studies reveal that both the reduction and oxidation steps and their working sequence are critical for the transformation. Theoretical and experimental results all indicate that the deep structural reformation results in the evolution of the electronic and photoluminescent properties of the gold thiolate nanocluster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, P.R. China
| | - Yanshuang Li
- Department of Physics, School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P.R. China
| | - Zongbing He
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, P.R. China
| | - Ying Yang
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu'an, Anhui 237015, P.R. China
| | - Chao Wu
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, P.R. China
| | - Weigang Fan
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, P.R. China
| | - Wen Wu Xu
- Department of Physics, School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P.R. China
| | - Man-Bo Li
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, P.R. China
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Fan JQ, Cen K, Xu HJ, Wang HY, Yang Y, Zhu ZM, Liu H, Chen D, Fan W, Li MB. Photochemical synthesis of group 10 metal nanoclusters for electrocatalysis. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:19079-19084. [PMID: 38009073 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr05328h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Four group 10 metal nanoclusters, Ni10(4-MePhS)20, Ni11(PhS)22, Pd9(PhS)18 and Pd10(PhS)20 were synthesized from disulfides based on a photochemical reduction-oxidation cascade process, which proceeds via a different mechanism to that of the conventional two-step reduction process. The as-obtained nanoclusters possess oxidative resistance and structural robustness under different conditions. Their atomically precise structures are determined to be nickel or palladium rings in which the metal atoms are bridged by Ar-S groups. Their catalytic performance in oxygen reduction reaction was compared, and the ring size-dependent catalytic activity of the group 10 metal nanoclusters was revealed. This work provides an efficient route to atomically precise and structurally stable group 10 metal nanoclusters, and sheds light on their further applications in electrocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Qiang Fan
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, P. R. China.
| | - Kehui Cen
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, P. R. China
| | - Hua-Jun Xu
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Anhui Industrial Co., Ltd, 9 Tianda Road, Hefei 230088, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Yang Wang
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Anhui Industrial Co., Ltd, 9 Tianda Road, Hefei 230088, P. R. China
| | - Ying Yang
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu'an, Anhui 237015, P. R. China
| | - Ze-Min Zhu
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, P. R. China.
| | - Hao Liu
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, P. R. China.
| | - Dengyu Chen
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, P. R. China
| | - Weigang Fan
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, P. R. China.
| | - Man-Bo Li
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, P. R. China.
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