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Zhang Y, Du J, Liu X, Shang F, Deng Y, Ye J, Wang Y, Yan J, Chen H, Yu M, Le S. Multi-domain interaction mediated strength-building in human α-actinin dimers unveiled by direct single-molecule quantification. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6151. [PMID: 39034324 PMCID: PMC11271494 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50430-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
α-Actinins play crucial roles in cytoskeletal mechanobiology by acting as force-bearing structural modules that orchestrate and sustain the cytoskeletal framework, serving as pivotal hubs for diverse mechanosensing proteins. The mechanical stability of α-actinin dimer, a determinant of its functional state, remains largely unexplored. Here, we directly quantify the force-dependent lifetimes of homo- and hetero-dimers of human α-actinins, revealing an ultra-high mechanical stability of the dimers associated with > 100 seconds lifetime within 40 pN forces under shear-stretching geometry. Intriguingly, we uncover that the strong dimer stability is arisen from much weaker sub-domain pair interactions, suggesting the existence of distinct dimerized functional states of the dimer, spanning a spectrum of mechanical stability, with the spectrin repeats (SRs) in folded or unfolded conformation. In essence, our study supports a potent mechanism for building strength in biomolecular dimers through weak, multiple sub-domain interactions, and illuminates multifaceted roles of α-actinin dimers in cytoskeletal mechanics and mechanotransduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhang Zhang
- Department of Physics, Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Fujian Provincial Key Lab for Soft Functional Materials Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361000, China
| | - Jingyi Du
- Department of Biochemistry and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xian Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Fei Shang
- Department of Physics, Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Fujian Provincial Key Lab for Soft Functional Materials Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361000, China
| | - Yunxin Deng
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117411, Singapore
| | - Jiaqing Ye
- Department of Physics, Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Fujian Provincial Key Lab for Soft Functional Materials Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361000, China
| | - Yukai Wang
- Department of Physics, Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Fujian Provincial Key Lab for Soft Functional Materials Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361000, China
| | - Jie Yan
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117411, Singapore
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117542, Singapore
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Fuzhou, 350207, China
| | - Hu Chen
- Department of Physics, Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Fujian Provincial Key Lab for Soft Functional Materials Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361000, China.
| | - Miao Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Shimin Le
- Department of Physics, Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Fujian Provincial Key Lab for Soft Functional Materials Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361000, China.
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Latypova AA, Yaremenko AV, Pechnikova NA, Minin AS, Zubarev IV. Magnetogenetics as a promising tool for controlling cellular signaling pathways. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:327. [PMID: 38858689 PMCID: PMC11163773 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02616-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Magnetogenetics emerges as a transformative approach for modulating cellular signaling pathways through the strategic application of magnetic fields and nanoparticles. This technique leverages the unique properties of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) to induce mechanical or thermal stimuli within cells, facilitating the activation of mechano- and thermosensitive proteins without the need for traditional ligand-receptor interactions. Unlike traditional modalities that often require invasive interventions and lack precision in targeting specific cellular functions, magnetogenetics offers a non-invasive alternative with the capacity for deep tissue penetration and the potential for targeting a broad spectrum of cellular processes. This review underscores magnetogenetics' broad applicability, from steering stem cell differentiation to manipulating neuronal activity and immune responses, highlighting its potential in regenerative medicine, neuroscience, and cancer therapy. Furthermore, the review explores the challenges and future directions of magnetogenetics, including the development of genetically programmed magnetic nanoparticles and the integration of magnetic field-sensitive cells for in vivo applications. Magnetogenetics stands at the forefront of cellular manipulation technologies, offering novel insights into cellular signaling and opening new avenues for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiia A Latypova
- Institute of Future Biophysics, Dolgoprudny, 141701, Russia
- Moscow Center for Advanced Studies, Moscow, 123592, Russia
| | - Alexey V Yaremenko
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece.
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia.
| | - Nadezhda A Pechnikova
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece
- Saint Petersburg Pasteur Institute, Saint Petersburg, 197101, Russia
| | - Artem S Minin
- M.N. Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, 620108, Russia
| | - Ilya V Zubarev
- Institute of Future Biophysics, Dolgoprudny, 141701, Russia.
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Liu J, Yan J. Unraveling the Dual-Stretch-Mode Impact on Tension Gauge Tethers' Mechanical Stability. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:7266-7273. [PMID: 38451494 PMCID: PMC10959107 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c10923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Tension gauge tethers (TGTs), short DNA segments serving as extracellular tension sensors, are instrumental in assessing the tension dynamics in mechanotransduction. These TGTs feature an initial shear-stretch region and an unzip-stretch region. Despite their utility, no theoretical model has been available to estimate their tension-dependent lifetimes [τ(f)], restricting insights from cellular mechanotransduction experiments. We have now formulated a concise expression for τ(f) of TGTs, accommodating contributions from both stretch regions. Our model uncovers a tension-dependent energy barrier shift occurring when tension surpasses a switching force of approximately 13 pN for the recently developed TGTs, greatly influencing τ(f) profiles. Experimental data from several TGTs validated our model. The calibrated expression can predict τ(f) of TGTs at 37 °C based on their sequences with minor fold changes, supporting future applications of TGTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingzhun Liu
- Department
of Physics, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117542, Singapore
| | - Jie Yan
- Mechanobiology
Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore
- Department
of Physics, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117542, Singapore
- Joint
School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University,
International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207, China
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Kordon SP, Cechova K, Bandekar SJ, Leon K, Dutka P, Siffer G, Kossiakoff AA, Vafabakhsh R, Araç D. Structural analysis and conformational dynamics of a holo-adhesion GPCR reveal interplay between extracellular and transmembrane domains. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.25.581807. [PMID: 38464178 PMCID: PMC10925191 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.25.581807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Adhesion G Protein-Coupled Receptors (aGPCRs) are key cell-adhesion molecules involved in numerous physiological functions. aGPCRs have large multi-domain extracellular regions (ECR) containing a conserved GAIN domain that precedes their seven-pass transmembrane domain (7TM). Ligand binding and mechanical force applied on the ECR regulate receptor function. However, how the ECR communicates with the 7TM remains elusive, because the relative orientation and dynamics of the ECR and 7TM within a holoreceptor is unclear. Here, we describe the cryo-EM reconstruction of an aGPCR, Latrophilin3/ADGRL3, and reveal that the GAIN domain adopts a parallel orientation to the membrane and has constrained movement. Single-molecule FRET experiments unveil three slow-exchanging FRET states of the ECR relative to the 7TM within the holoreceptor. GAIN-targeted antibodies, and cancer-associated mutations at the GAIN-7TM interface, alter FRET states, cryo-EM conformations, and receptor signaling. Altogether, this data demonstrates conformational and functional coupling between the ECR and 7TM, suggesting an ECR-mediated mechanism of aGPCR activation.
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Bandekar SJ, Garbett K, Kordon SP, Dintzner E, Shearer T, Sando RC, Araç D. Structure of the extracellular region of the adhesion GPCR CELSR1 reveals a compact module which regulates G protein-coupling. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.26.577439. [PMID: 38328199 PMCID: PMC10849658 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.26.577439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Cadherin EGF Laminin G seven-pass G-type receptors (CELSRs or ADGRCs) are conserved adhesion G protein-coupled receptors which are essential for animal development. CELSRs have extracellular regions (ECRs) containing 23 adhesion domains which couple adhesion to intracellular signaling. However, molecular-level insight into CELSR function is sparsely available. We report the 4.3 Å cryo-EM reconstruction of the mCELSR1 ECR with 13 domains resolved in the structure. These domains form a compact module mediated by interdomain interactions with contact between the N- and C-terminal domains. We show the mCELSR1 ECR forms an extended species in the presence of Ca 2+ , which we propose represents the antiparallel cadherin repeat dimer. Using assays for adhesion and G protein-coupling, we assign the N-terminal CADH1-8 module as necessary for cell adhesion and we show the C-terminal CAHD9-GAIN module regulates signaling. Our work provides important molecular context to the literature on CELSR function and opens the door towards further mechanistic studies.
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Fu C, Huang W, Tang Q, Niu M, Guo S, Langenhan T, Song G, Yan J. Unveiling Mechanical Activation: GAIN Domain Unfolding and Dissociation in Adhesion GPCRs. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:9179-9186. [PMID: 37831892 PMCID: PMC10607210 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c01163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Adhesion G protein-coupled receptors (aGPCRs) have extracellular regions (ECRs) containing GPCR autoproteolysis-inducing (GAIN) domains. The GAIN domain enables the ECR to self-cleave into N- and C-terminal fragments. However, the impact of force on the GAIN domain's conformation, critical for mechanosensitive aGPCR activation, remains unclear. Our study investigated the mechanical stability of GAIN domains in three aGPCRs (B, G, and L subfamilies) at a loading rate of 1 pN/s. We discovered that forces of a few piconewtons can destabilize the GAIN domains. In autocleaved aGPCRs ADGRG1/GPR56 and ADGRL1/LPHN1, these forces cause the GAIN domain detachment from the membrane-proximal Stachel sequence, preceded by partial unfolding. In noncleavable aGPCR ADGRB3/BAI3 and cleavage-deficient mutant ADGRG1/GPR56-T383G, complex mechanical unfolding of the GAIN domain occurs. Additionally, GAIN domain detachment happens during cell migration. Our findings support the mechanical activation hypothesis of aGPCRs, emphasizing the sensitivity of the GAIN domain structure and detachment to physiological force ranges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyu Fu
- Department
of Physics, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117551, Singapore
- Mechanobiology
Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore
| | - Wenmao Huang
- Department
of Physics, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117551, Singapore
- Mechanobiology
Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore
| | - Qingnan Tang
- Department
of Physics, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117551, Singapore
| | - Minghui Niu
- School
of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Shiwen Guo
- Mechanobiology
Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore
| | - Tobias Langenhan
- Rudolf
Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Division of General
Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Gaojie Song
- School
of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jie Yan
- Department
of Physics, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117551, Singapore
- Mechanobiology
Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore
- Centre
for Bioimaging Sciences, National University
of Singapore, Singapore 117557, Singapore
- Joint
School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University,
International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207, China
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