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Fung V, Hu G, Wu Z, Jiang DE. Hydrogen-mediated polarity compensation on the (110) surface terminations of ABO3 perovskites. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:174706. [PMID: 37929866 DOI: 10.1063/5.0161435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Polar surfaces undergo polarity compensation, which can lead to significantly different surface chemistry from their nonpolar counterparts. This process in turn can substantially alter the binding of adsorbates on the surface. Here, we find that hydrogen binds much more strongly to the polar (110) surface than the nonpolar (100) surface for a wide range of ABO3 perovskites, forming a hydroxyl layer on the O24- termination and a hydride layer on the ABO4+ termination of the (110) surface. The stronger adsorption on the polar surfaces can be explained by polarity compensation: hydrogen atoms can act as electron donors or acceptors to compensate for the polarity of perovskite surfaces. The relative stability of the surface terminations is further compared under different gas environments and several perovskites have been found to form stable surface hydride layers under oxygen-poor conditions. These results demonstrate the feasibility of creating stable surface hydrides on perovskites by polarity compensation which might lead to new hydrogenation catalysts based on ABO3 perovskites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Fung
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Guoxiang Hu
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Zili Wu
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - De-En Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
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2
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Yue C, Ying P, Xu B, Tian Y. Evaporation-induced self-assembly of C 60 on SrTiO 3(110) reconstructed surfaces. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 30:415605. [PMID: 31356187 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab30b9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
SrTiO3(110) polar surface was treated with repeated cycles of argon ion sputtering and annealing. Three reconstructions, namely (4 × 1), (2 × 8), and (6 × 8), were identified with subsequent scanning tunneling microscopy measurements. Using the evaporation-induced self-assembly method, C60 molecules deposited onto these reconstruction surfaces demonstrated a quasi-close packing growth mode with substantial differences. Influence factors are revealed from the investigation of these differences, such as the substrate structure and topography as well as the intermolecular and molecular-substrate interactions. Our study emphasizes the feasibility of controllable molecular self-assembly through choosing surface reconstructions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengguang Yue
- Center for High Pressure Science, State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004, People's Republic of China
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3
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Polo-Garzon F, Fung V, Liu X, Hood ZD, Bickel EE, Bai L, Tian H, Foo GS, Chi M, Jiang DE, Wu Z. Understanding the Impact of Surface Reconstruction of Perovskite Catalysts on CH4 Activation and Combustion. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b02307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Victor Fung
- Department of Chemistry, University of California. Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | | | - Zachary D. Hood
- Electrochemical Materials Laboratory, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Elizabeth E. Bickel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tennessee Technological University. Cookeville, Tennessee 38505, United States
| | - Lei Bai
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Hanjing Tian
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | | | | | - De-en Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California. Riverside, California 92521, United States
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4
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Riva M, Kubicek M, Hao X, Franceschi G, Gerhold S, Schmid M, Hutter H, Fleig J, Franchini C, Yildiz B, Diebold U. Influence of surface atomic structure demonstrated on oxygen incorporation mechanism at a model perovskite oxide. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3710. [PMID: 30213926 PMCID: PMC6137039 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05685-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Perovskite oxide surfaces catalyze oxygen exchange reactions that are crucial for fuel cells, electrolyzers, and thermochemical fuel synthesis. Here, by bridging the gap between surface analysis with atomic resolution and oxygen exchange kinetics measurements, we demonstrate how the exact surface atomic structure can determine the reactivity for oxygen exchange reactions on a model perovskite oxide. Two precisely controlled surface reconstructions with (4 × 1) and (2 × 5) symmetry on 0.5 wt.% Nb-doped SrTiO3(110) were subjected to isotopically labeled oxygen exchange at 450 °C. The oxygen incorporation rate is three times higher on the (4 × 1) surface phase compared to the (2 × 5). Common models of surface reactivity based on the availability of oxygen vacancies or on the ease of electron transfer cannot account for this difference. We propose a structure-driven oxygen exchange mechanism, relying on the flexibility of the surface coordination polyhedra that transform upon dissociation of oxygen molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Riva
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraβe 8-10/E134, 1040, Wien, Austria
| | - Markus Kubicek
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/164EC, 1060, Wien, Austria
| | - Xianfeng Hao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, 066004, Qinhuangdao, China
- Faculty of Physics and Center for Computational Materials Science, University of Vienna, Sensengasse 8/8, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Giada Franceschi
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraβe 8-10/E134, 1040, Wien, Austria
| | - Stefan Gerhold
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraβe 8-10/E134, 1040, Wien, Austria
| | - Michael Schmid
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraβe 8-10/E134, 1040, Wien, Austria
| | - Herbert Hutter
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/164EC, 1060, Wien, Austria
| | - Juergen Fleig
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/164EC, 1060, Wien, Austria
| | - Cesare Franchini
- Faculty of Physics and Center for Computational Materials Science, University of Vienna, Sensengasse 8/8, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bilge Yildiz
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraβe 8-10/E134, 1040, Wien, Austria.
- Laboratory for Electrochemical Interfaces, Departments of Nuclear Science and Engineering, and Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
| | - Ulrike Diebold
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraβe 8-10/E134, 1040, Wien, Austria.
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5
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Halwidl D, Mayr-Schmölzer W, Setvin M, Fobes D, Peng J, Mao Z, Schmid M, Mittendorfer F, Redinger J, Diebold U. A full monolayer of superoxide: oxygen activation on the unmodified Ca 3Ru 2O 7(001) surface. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY. A 2018; 6:5703-5713. [PMID: 30009023 PMCID: PMC6003542 DOI: 10.1039/c8ta00265g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Activating the O2 molecule is at the heart of a variety of technological applications, most prominently in energy conversion schemes including solid oxide fuel cells, electrolysis, and catalysis. Perovskite oxides, both traditionally-used and novel formulations, are the prime candidates in established and emerging energy devices. This work shows that the as-cleaved and unmodified CaO-terminated (001) surface of Ca3Ru2O7, a Ruddlesden-Popper perovskite, supports a full monolayer of superoxide ions, O2-, when exposed to molecular O2. The electrons for activating the molecule are transferred from the subsurface RuO2 layer. Theoretical calculations using both, density functional theory (DFT) and more accurate methods (RPA), predict the adsorption of O2- with Eads = 0.72 eV and provide a thorough analysis of the charge transfer. Non-contact atomic force microscopy (nc-AFM) and scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) are used to resolve single molecules and confirm the predicted adsorption structures. Local contact potential difference (LCPD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements on the full monolayer of O2- confirm the negative charge state of the molecules. The present study reports the rare case of an oxide surface without dopants, defects, or low-coordinated sites readily activating molecular O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Halwidl
- Institute of Applied Physics , TU Wien , Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10/134 , 1040 Vienna , Austria .
| | - Wernfried Mayr-Schmölzer
- Institute of Applied Physics , TU Wien , Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10/134 , 1040 Vienna , Austria .
- Center for Computational Materials Science , TU Wien , Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10/134 , 1040 Vienna , Austria
| | - Martin Setvin
- Institute of Applied Physics , TU Wien , Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10/134 , 1040 Vienna , Austria .
| | - David Fobes
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics , Tulane University , 2001 Percival Stern Hall , New Orleans , LA 70118 , USA
| | - Jin Peng
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics , Tulane University , 2001 Percival Stern Hall , New Orleans , LA 70118 , USA
| | - Zhiqiang Mao
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics , Tulane University , 2001 Percival Stern Hall , New Orleans , LA 70118 , USA
| | - Michael Schmid
- Institute of Applied Physics , TU Wien , Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10/134 , 1040 Vienna , Austria .
| | - Florian Mittendorfer
- Institute of Applied Physics , TU Wien , Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10/134 , 1040 Vienna , Austria .
- Center for Computational Materials Science , TU Wien , Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10/134 , 1040 Vienna , Austria
| | - Josef Redinger
- Institute of Applied Physics , TU Wien , Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10/134 , 1040 Vienna , Austria .
- Center for Computational Materials Science , TU Wien , Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10/134 , 1040 Vienna , Austria
| | - Ulrike Diebold
- Institute of Applied Physics , TU Wien , Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10/134 , 1040 Vienna , Austria .
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6
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Foo GS, Hood ZD, Wu Z. Shape Effect Undermined by Surface Reconstruction: Ethanol Dehydrogenation over Shape-Controlled SrTiO3 Nanocrystals. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b03341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guo Shiou Foo
- Chemical
Sciences Division and Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Zachary D. Hood
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Zili Wu
- Chemical
Sciences Division and Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
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7
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Polo-Garzon F, Yang SZ, Fung V, Foo GS, Bickel EE, Chisholm MF, Jiang DE, Wu Z. Controlling Reaction Selectivity through the Surface Termination of Perovskite Catalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [PMID: 28636790 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201704656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Although perovskites have been widely used in catalysis, tuning of their surface termination to control reaction selectivity has not been well established. In this study, we employed multiple surface-sensitive techniques to characterize the surface termination (one aspect of surface reconstruction) of SrTiO3 (STO) after thermal pretreatment (Sr enrichment) and chemical etching (Ti enrichment). We show, by using the conversion of 2-propanol as a probe reaction, that the surface termination of STO can be controlled to greatly tune catalytic acid/base properties and consequently the reaction selectivity over a wide range, which is not possible with single-metal oxides, either SrO or TiO2 . Density functional theory (DFT) calculations explain well the selectivity tuning and reaction mechanism on STO with different surface termination. Similar catalytic tunability was also observed on BaZrO3 , thus highlighting the generality of the findings of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Polo-Garzon
- Chemical Sciences Division and Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Shi-Ze Yang
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Victor Fung
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Guo Shiou Foo
- Chemical Sciences Division and Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Elizabeth E Bickel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tennessee Technological University, Cookeville, TN, 38505, USA
| | - Matthew F Chisholm
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - De-En Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Zili Wu
- Chemical Sciences Division and Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
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8
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Polo‐Garzon F, Yang S, Fung V, Foo GS, Bickel EE, Chisholm MF, Jiang D, Wu Z. Controlling Reaction Selectivity through the Surface Termination of Perovskite Catalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201704656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Polo‐Garzon
- Chemical Sciences Division and Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN 37831 USA
| | - Shi‐Ze Yang
- Materials Science and Technology Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN 37831 USA
| | - Victor Fung
- Department of Chemistry University of California Riverside CA 92521 USA
| | - Guo Shiou Foo
- Chemical Sciences Division and Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN 37831 USA
| | - Elizabeth E. Bickel
- Department of Chemical Engineering Tennessee Technological University Cookeville TN 38505 USA
| | - Matthew F. Chisholm
- Materials Science and Technology Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN 37831 USA
| | - De‐en Jiang
- Department of Chemistry University of California Riverside CA 92521 USA
| | - Zili Wu
- Chemical Sciences Division and Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN 37831 USA
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