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Zheng H, Zheng J, Shen Y. Targeting SEZ6L2 in Colon Cancer: Efficacy of Bexarotene and Implications for Survival. J Gastrointest Cancer 2024:10.1007/s12029-024-01085-9. [PMID: 38954188 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-024-01085-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bexarotene, also recognized as Targretin, is categorized as a retinoid, a type of cancer drug. Nevertheless, the precise mechanisms of bexarotene in relation to colon cancer remain unclear. In colon cancer, SEZ6L2 was suggested as one of the biomarkers and targets. This study presents a comprehensive exploration of the role of SEZ6L2 in colon cancer. METHODS We utilized both TCGA data and a cohort of Chinese patients. In a meticulous analysis of 478 colon cancer cases, SEZ6L2 expression levels were examined in relation to clinical characteristics, staging parameters, and treatment outcomes. Additionally, we investigated the pharmacological impact of bexarotene on SEZ6L2, demonstrating a significant downregulation of SEZ6L2 at both mRNA and protein levels in colon cancer patients following bexarotene treatment. RESULTS SEZ6L2 consistently overexpresses in colon cancer, serving as a potential universal biomarker with prognostic significance, validated in a diverse Chinese cohort. In vitro, SEZ6L2 promotes cell viability without affecting migration. Bexarotene treatment inhibits SEZ6L2 expression, correlating with reduced viability both in vitro and in vivo. SEZ6L2 overexpression accelerates declining survival rates in an in vivo context. Bexarotene's efficacy is context-dependent, effective in parental cells but not with SEZ6L2 overexpression. Computational predictions suggest a direct SEZ6L2-bexarotene interaction, warranting further experimental exploration. CONCLUSION The study provides valuable insights into SEZ6L2 as a prognostic biomarker in colon cancer, revealing its intricate relationship with clinical parameters, treatment outcomes, and bexarotene effects. Context-dependent therapeutic responses emphasize the nuanced understanding required for SEZ6L2's role in colon cancer, paving the way for targeted therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huajun Zheng
- Digestive System Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 318 Chaowang Road, Gongshu District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Jianying Zheng
- Operation Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yan Shen
- Digestive System Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 318 Chaowang Road, Gongshu District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
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2
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Zhang Q, Chen X, Palen K, Johnson B, Bui D, Xiong D, Pan J, Hu M, Wang Y, You M. Cancer chemoprevention with PV-1, a novel Prunella vulgaris-containing herbal mixture that remodels the tumor immune microenvironment in mice. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1196434. [PMID: 38077406 PMCID: PMC10704350 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1196434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The herb Prunella vulgaris has shown significant immune-stimulatory and anti-inflammatory effects in mouse models. Here, the effects of a novel Prunella vulgaris-containing herbal mixture, PV-1, were examined in several mouse models for cancer, including chemically induced models of lung and oral cancers as well as syngraft models for lung cancer and melanoma. PV-1, consisting of extracts from Prunella vulgaris, Polygonum bistorta, Sonchus brachyotus and Dictamnus dasycarpus, exhibited no toxicity in a dose escalation study in A/J mice. PV-1 significantly inhibited mouse lung tumor development induced by the lung carcinogens vinyl carbamate and benzo[a]pyrene. PV-1 also hindered the induction of oral squamous cell carcinomas in C57BL/6 mice caused by 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide. Flow cytometry analysis showed that PV-1 increased the numbers of CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and increased the production of granzyme B, TNF-α, and IFN-γ by CD8+ TILs. PV-1 also suppressed granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cell numbers (g-MDSCs) and improved the anti-cancer activity of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy. These results indicate that PV-1 remodels the tumor immune microenvironment by selectively inhibiting g-MDSCs and increasing CD8+ TILs within tumors, resulting in decreased immune suppression and enhanced cancer chemopreventive efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Center for Cancer Prevention, Dr. Mary and Ron Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Katie Palen
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Bryon Johnson
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Dinh Bui
- College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Donghai Xiong
- Center for Cancer Prevention, Dr. Mary and Ron Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jing Pan
- Center for Cancer Prevention, Dr. Mary and Ron Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Ming Hu
- College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Yian Wang
- Center for Cancer Prevention, Dr. Mary and Ron Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Ming You
- Center for Cancer Prevention, Dr. Mary and Ron Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
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3
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Dragnev KH, Lubet RA, Miller MS, Sei S, Fox JT, You M. Primary Prevention and Interception Studies in RAS-Mutated Tumor Models Employing Small Molecules or Vaccines. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2023; 16:549-560. [PMID: 37468135 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-23-0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic targeting of RAS-mutated cancers is difficult, whereas prevention or interception (treatment before or in the presence of preinvasive lesions) preclinically has proven easier. In the A/J mouse lung model, where different carcinogens induce tumors with different KRAS mutations, glucocorticoids and retinoid X receptor (RXR) agonists are effective agents in prevention and interception studies, irrespective of specific KRAS mutations. In rat azoxymethane-induced colon tumors (45% KRAS mutations), cyclooxygenase 1/2 inhibitors and difluoromethylornithine are effective in preventing or intercepting KRAS-mutated or wild-type tumors. In two KRAS-mutant pancreatic models multiple COX 1/2 inhibitors are effective. Furthermore, combining a COX and an EGFR inhibitor prevented the development of virtually all pancreatic tumors in transgenic mice. In the N-nitroso-N-methylurea-induced estrogen receptor-positive rat breast model (50% HRAS mutations) various selective estrogen receptor modulators, aromatase inhibitors, EGFR inhibitors, and RXR agonists are profoundly effective in prevention and interception of tumors with wild-type or mutant HRAS, while the farnesyltransferase inhibitor tipifarnib preferentially inhibits HRAS-mutant breast tumors. Thus, many agents not known to specifically inhibit the RAS pathway, are effective in an organ specific manner in preventing or intercepting RAS-mutated tumors. Finally, we discuss an alternative prevention and interception approach, employing vaccines to target KRAS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ronald A Lubet
- Chemopreventive Agent Development Research Group, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Mark Steven Miller
- Chemopreventive Agent Development Research Group, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Shizuko Sei
- Chemopreventive Agent Development Research Group, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Jennifer T Fox
- Chemopreventive Agent Development Research Group, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Ming You
- Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas
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4
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Zhang Q, Pan J, Xiong D, Zheng J, McPherson KN, Lee S, Huang M, Xu Y, Chen SH, Wang Y, Hildebrandt Ruiz L, You M. Aerosolized miR-138-5p and miR-200c targets PD-L1 for lung cancer prevention. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1166951. [PMID: 37520581 PMCID: PMC10372486 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1166951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of chemopreventive strategies with the ability to prevent the progression of lung lesions to malignant cancers would reduce the mortality and morbidity resulting from this deadly disease. Delivery of microRNA (miRNA) by inhalation is a novel method for lung cancer prevention. In this study, we investigated the combined efficacy of aerosolized miR-138-5p and miR-200c miRNA mimics in lung cancer prevention. Combination of the two miRNAs inhibited Benzo(a)pyrene (B((a))P)-induced lung adenomas and N-nitroso-tris-chloroethylurea (NTCU)-induced lung squamous cell carcinomas with no detectable side effects. Using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and imaging mass cytometry (IMC), we found that both miRNAs inhibited programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression. Our flow cytometry results showed that aerosolized delivery of combined miRNAs increased CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and reduced the expression of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and T-regulatory cells. Our results demonstrated that the delivery of aerosolized microRNAs targeting PD-L1 can be highly effective in preventing lung cancer development and progression in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Center for Cancer Prevention, Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jing Pan
- Center for Cancer Prevention, Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Donghai Xiong
- Center for Cancer Prevention, Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Junjun Zheng
- Center for Immunotherapy Research, Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Kristi N. McPherson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Sangbeom Lee
- Center for Cancer Prevention, Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Mofei Huang
- Center for Cancer Prevention, Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Yitian Xu
- Center for Immunotherapy Research, Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Shu-hsia Chen
- Center for Immunotherapy Research, Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Yian Wang
- Center for Cancer Prevention, Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Lea Hildebrandt Ruiz
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Ming You
- Center for Cancer Prevention, Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
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5
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Man F, Tang J, Swedrowska M, Forbes B, T M de Rosales R. Imaging drug delivery to the lungs: Methods and applications in oncology. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 192:114641. [PMID: 36509173 PMCID: PMC10227194 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Direct delivery to the lung via inhalation is arguably one of the most logical approaches to treat lung cancer using drugs. However, despite significant efforts and investment in this area, this strategy has not progressed in clinical trials. Imaging drug delivery is a powerful tool to understand and develop novel drug delivery strategies. In this review we focus on imaging studies of drug delivery by the inhalation route, to provide a broad overview of the field to date and attempt to better understand the complexities of this route of administration and the significant barriers that it faces, as well as its advantages. We start with a discussion of the specific challenges for drug delivery to the lung via inhalation. We focus on the barriers that have prevented progress of this approach in oncology, as well as the most recent developments in this area. This is followed by a comprehensive overview of the different imaging modalities that are relevant to lung drug delivery, including nuclear imaging, X-ray imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, optical imaging and mass spectrometry imaging. For each of these modalities, examples from the literature where these techniques have been explored are provided. Finally the different applications of these technologies in oncology are discussed, focusing separately on small molecules and nanomedicines. We hope that this comprehensive review will be informative to the field and will guide the future preclinical and clinical development of this promising drug delivery strategy to maximise its therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis Man
- School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - Jie Tang
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Magda Swedrowska
- School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - Ben Forbes
- School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - Rafael T M de Rosales
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom.
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6
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Reich LA, Moerland JA, Leal AS, Zhang D, Carapellucci S, Lockwood B, Jurutka PW, Marshall PA, Wagner CE, Liby KT. The rexinoid V-125 reduces tumor growth in preclinical models of breast and lung cancer. Sci Rep 2022; 12:293. [PMID: 34997154 PMCID: PMC8742020 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04415-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Rexinoids are ligands which activate retinoid X receptors (RXRs), regulating transcription of genes involved in cancer-relevant processes. Rexinoids have anti-neoplastic activity in multiple preclinical studies. Bexarotene, used to treat cutaneous T cell lymphoma, is the only FDA-approved rexinoid. Bexarotene has also been evaluated in clinical trials for lung and metastatic breast cancer, wherein subsets of patients responded despite advanced disease. By modifying structures of known rexinoids, we can improve potency and toxicity. We previously screened a series of novel rexinoids and selected V-125 as the lead based on performance in optimized in vitro assays. To validate our screening paradigm, we tested V-125 in clinically relevant mouse models of breast and lung cancer. V-125 significantly (p < 0.001) increased time to tumor development in the MMTV-Neu breast cancer model. Treatment of established mammary tumors with V-125 significantly (p < 0.05) increased overall survival. In the A/J lung cancer model, V-125 significantly (p < 0.01) decreased number, size, and burden of lung tumors. Although bexarotene elevated triglycerides and cholesterol in these models, V-125 demonstrated an improved safety profile. These studies provide evidence that our screening paradigm predicts novel rexinoid efficacy and suggest that V-125 could be developed into a new cancer therapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyndsey A Reich
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University College of Osteopathic Medicine, B430 Life Science Building, 1355 Bogue Street, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Jessica A Moerland
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University College of Osteopathic Medicine, B430 Life Science Building, 1355 Bogue Street, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Ana S Leal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University College of Osteopathic Medicine, B430 Life Science Building, 1355 Bogue Street, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Di Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University College of Osteopathic Medicine, B430 Life Science Building, 1355 Bogue Street, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Sarah Carapellucci
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University College of Osteopathic Medicine, B430 Life Science Building, 1355 Bogue Street, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Beth Lockwood
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University College of Osteopathic Medicine, B430 Life Science Building, 1355 Bogue Street, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Peter W Jurutka
- School of Mathematical and Natural Sciences, New College of Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences, Arizona State University, Glendale, AZ, USA
| | - Pamela A Marshall
- School of Mathematical and Natural Sciences, New College of Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences, Arizona State University, Glendale, AZ, USA
| | - Carl E Wagner
- School of Mathematical and Natural Sciences, New College of Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences, Arizona State University, Glendale, AZ, USA
| | - Karen T Liby
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University College of Osteopathic Medicine, B430 Life Science Building, 1355 Bogue Street, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
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7
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Zhang Q, Pan J, Xiong D, Wang Y, Miller MS, Sei S, Shoemaker RH, Izzotti A, You M. Pulmonary Aerosol Delivery of Let-7b microRNA Confers a Striking Inhibitory Effect on Lung Carcinogenesis through Targeting the Tumor Immune Microenvironment. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2100629. [PMID: 34236760 PMCID: PMC8425922 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202100629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs are potential candidates for lung cancer prevention and therapy. A major limitation is the lack of an efficient delivery system to directly deliver miRNA to cancer cells while limiting systemic exposure. The delivery of miRNA via inhalation is a potential strategy for lung cancer prevention in high-risk individuals. In this study, the authors investigate the efficacy of aerosolized let-7b miRNA treatment in lung cancer prevention. Let-7b shows significant inhibition of B[a]P-induced lung adenoma with no detectable side effects. Single-cell RNA sequencing of tumor-infiltrating T cells from primary tumors reveals that Let-7b post-transcriptionally suppresses PD-L1 and PD-1 expression in the tumor microenvironment, suggesting that let-7b miRNAs may promote antitumor immunity in vivo. Let-7b treatment decreases the expression of PD-1 in CD8+ T cells and reduces PD-L1 expression in lung tumor cells. The results suggest that this aerosolized let-7b mimic is a promising approach for lung cancer prevention, and that the in vivo tumor inhibitory effects of let-7b are mediated, at least in part, by immune-promoting effects via downregulating PD-L1 in tumors and/or PD-1 on CD8+ T cells. These changes potentiate antitumor CD8+ T cell immune responses, and ultimately lead to tumor inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Center for Disease Prevention ResearchMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI53226USA
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI53226USA
- Present address:
Center for Cancer Prevention, Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTX 77030USA
| | - Jing Pan
- Center for Disease Prevention ResearchMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI53226USA
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI53226USA
- Present address:
Center for Cancer Prevention, Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTX 77030USA
| | - Donghai Xiong
- Center for Disease Prevention ResearchMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI53226USA
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI53226USA
- Present address:
Center for Cancer Prevention, Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTX 77030USA
| | - Yian Wang
- Center for Disease Prevention ResearchMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI53226USA
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI53226USA
- Present address:
Center for Cancer Prevention, Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTX 77030USA
| | - Mark Steven Miller
- Chemopreventive Agent Development Research GroupDivision of Cancer PreventionNational Cancer InstituteBethesdaMD20892USA
| | - Shizuko Sei
- Chemopreventive Agent Development Research GroupDivision of Cancer PreventionNational Cancer InstituteBethesdaMD20892USA
| | - Robert H. Shoemaker
- Chemopreventive Agent Development Research GroupDivision of Cancer PreventionNational Cancer InstituteBethesdaMD20892USA
| | - Alberto Izzotti
- Department of Experimental MedicineUniversity of GenoaGenoa16132Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San MartinoGenoa16132Italy
| | - Ming You
- Center for Disease Prevention ResearchMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI53226USA
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI53226USA
- Present address:
Center for Cancer Prevention, Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTX 77030USA
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8
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Li S, Xu S, Liang X, Xue Y, Mei J, Ma Y, Liu Y, Liu Y. Nanotechnology: Breaking the Current Treatment Limits of Lung Cancer. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2100078. [PMID: 34019739 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202100078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most rapidly growing malignancies in terms of morbidity and mortality. Although traditional treatments have been used for more than 50 years, it is still far from solving the problems of postoperative risks and systemic toxicity. Emerging targeting and immunotherapy are developing continuously and are gaining recognition; eventually, they face the inevitable challenge of drug resistance. Nanotechnology has several important effects on lung cancer treatment, owing to its unique properties. Several nanoparticle-based treatments have successfully become cancer treatments. Good biocompatibility with higher specific surface area can carry substantial amounts of lung cancer treatment medications while avoiding medication toxicity; editable and modified characteristics give rise to multifunctional nanomedicines; excellent photoelectric effects make lung cancer a multimodal treatment. This article summarizes the breakthroughs achieved by nanotechnology, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy, reflecting the importance and necessity of nanotechnology in the treatment of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilin Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Shanshan Xu
- Institute for Advanced Study Shenzhen University Shenzhen Guangdong 518060 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou Henan 450001 P. R. China
| | - Yueguang Xue
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Jie Mei
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Yongfu Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery Chinese PLA General Hospital Beijing 100853 P. R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery Chinese PLA General Hospital Beijing 100853 P. R. China
| | - Ying Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- The GBA National Institute for Nanotechnology Innovation Guangzhou Guangdong 510700 P. R. China
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9
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Tang B, Zhu J, Cong Y, Yang W, Kong C, Chen W, Wang Y, Zeng Y, Ji J. The Landscape of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Integrated Analysis SARS-CoV-2 Receptors and Potential Inhibitors in Lung Adenocarcinoma Patients. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:577032. [PMID: 33195212 PMCID: PMC7644800 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.577032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The outbreak of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become the largest health threat worldwide, with more than 34.40 million positive cases and over 1.02 million deaths confirmed. In this study, we confirmed that significantly differentially expressed genes in COVID-19 patients were mainly involved in the regulation of immune and inflammation-related signaling pathways. It is worth noting that many infected COVID-19 patients have malignant tumors, and their prognosis is poor. To explore the susceptibility factors of cancer patients, we assessed the expression of ACE2, TMPRSS2, and the endocytic regulator AAK1 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients and explored their effects on immune infiltration. We found that the expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in LUAD patients was significantly increased, which may explain why LUAD patients are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2, and the patients with high-expression genes presented increased infiltration of immune cells such as B cells and CD4 T cells. In addition, we also identified miR-432-5p as a potential targeted molecule and bexarotene as a potential targeted drug of the three genes through bioinformatic analysis and further verified the anti-inflammatory effect of bexarotene, providing new ideas for the treatment of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bufu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Lishui, China
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinyu Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Lishui, China
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Cong
- Department of Microbiology, Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lishui, China
| | - Weibin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Lishui, China
- Department of Radiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, China
| | - Chunli Kong
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Lishui, China
- Department of Radiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, China
| | - Weiyue Chen
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Lishui, China
- Department of Radiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, China
| | - Yajie Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, China
| | - Yong Zeng
- Qingtian County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lishui, China
| | - Jiansong Ji
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Lishui, China
- Department of Radiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, China
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10
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Mohammed A, Fox JT, Miller MS. Cancer Chemoprevention: Preclinical In Vivo Alternate Dosing Strategies to Reduce Drug Toxicities. Toxicol Sci 2019; 170:251-259. [PMID: 31020311 PMCID: PMC6657562 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfz104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer chemopreventive agents inhibit the formation of precursor lesions and/or the progression of these lesions to late stage disease. This approach to disease control has the potential to reduce the physical and financial costs of cancer in society. Several drugs that have been approved by the FDA for other diseases and have been extensively evaluated for their safety and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic characteristics have the potential to be repurposed for use as cancer chemopreventive agents. These agents often mechanistically inhibit signaling molecules that play key roles in the carcinogenic process. The safety profile of agents is a primary concern when considering the administration of drugs for chemoprevention, as the drugs will be given chronically to high-risk, asymptomatic individuals. To decrease drug toxicity while retaining efficacy, several approaches are currently being explored. In this short review, we describe studies that use preclinical in vivo models to assess efficacy of alternative drug dosing strategies and routes of drug administration on chemopreventive drug efficacy. In vivo drug dosing strategies that reduce toxicity while retaining efficacy will pave the way for future cancer prevention clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Altaf Mohammed
- Chemopreventive Agent Development Research Group, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Jennifer T Fox
- Chemopreventive Agent Development Research Group, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Mark Steven Miller
- Chemopreventive Agent Development Research Group, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
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