1
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Ralbovsky NM, Smith JP. Process analytical technology and its recent applications for asymmetric synthesis. Talanta 2022; 252:123787. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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2
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3
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Lithium aluminum hydride in flow: overcoming exotherms, solids, and gas evolution en route to chemoselective reductions. J Flow Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s41981-021-00201-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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4
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Hu C. Reactor design and selection for effective continuous manufacturing of pharmaceuticals. J Flow Chem 2021; 11:243-263. [PMID: 34026279 PMCID: PMC8130218 DOI: 10.1007/s41981-021-00164-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical production remains one of the last industries that predominantly uses batch processes, which are inefficient and can cause drug shortages due to the long lead times or quality defects. Consequently, pharmaceutical companies are transitioning away from outdated batch lines, in large part motivated by the many advantages of continuous manufacturing (e.g., low cost, quality assurance, shortened lead time). As chemical reactions are fundamental to any drug production process, the selection of reactor and its design are critical to enhanced performance such as improved selectivity and yield. In this article, relevant theories, and models, as well as their required input data are summarized to assist the reader in these tasks, focusing on continuous reactions. Selected examples that describe the application of plug flow reactors (PFRs) and continuous-stirred tank reactors (CSTRs)-in-series within the pharmaceutical industry are provided. Process analytical technologies (PATs), which are important tools that provide real-time in-line continuous monitoring of reactions, are recommended to be considered during the reactor design process (e.g., port design for the PAT probe). Finally, other important points, such as density change caused by thermal expansion or solid precipitation, clogging/fouling, and scaling-up, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuntian Hu
- CONTINUUS Pharmaceuticals, Woburn, MA 01801 USA
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5
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Yamada M, Azuma K, Yamano M. Highly Enantioselective Direct Asymmetric Reductive Amination of 2-Acetyl-6-Substituted Pyridines. Org Lett 2021; 23:3364-3367. [PMID: 33891422 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A highly direct asymmetric reductive amination of a variety of ketone substrates, including 2-acetyl-6-substituted pyridines, β-keto esters, β-keto amides, and 1-(6-methylpyridin-2-yl)propan-2-one, has been disclosed for the first time (94.6% to >99.9% ee). With ammonium trifluoroacetate as the nitrogen source, various chiral corresponding primary amines were prepared in excellent enantioselectivity and conversion in the presence of a commercially available and inexpensive chiral catalyst, Ru(OAc)2{(S)-binap}, under 0.8 MPa of hydrogen gas pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masatoshi Yamada
- Process Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 17-85, Jusohonmachi 2-chome, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 532-0024, Japan
| | - Kazuki Azuma
- Process Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 17-85, Jusohonmachi 2-chome, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 532-0024, Japan
| | - Mitsuhisa Yamano
- Process Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 17-85, Jusohonmachi 2-chome, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 532-0024, Japan
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6
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Scale-up of micro- and milli-reactors: An overview of strategies, design principles and applications. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE: X 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cesx.2021.100097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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7
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High-pressure asymmetric hydrogenation in a customized flow reactor and its application in multi-step flow synthesis of chiral drugs. J Flow Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s41981-021-00143-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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8
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Liao J, Zhang S, Wang Z, Song X, Zhang D, Kumar R, Jin J, Ren P, You H, Chen FE. Transition-metal catalyzed asymmetric reactions under continuous flow from 2015 to early 2020. GREEN SYNTHESIS AND CATALYSIS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gresc.2020.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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9
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Hart T, Schultz VL, Thomas D, Kulesza T, Jensen KF. Development of a Versatile Modular Flow Chemistry Benchtop System. Org Process Res Dev 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.0c00160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Travis Hart
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Victor L. Schultz
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Dale Thomas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Tim Kulesza
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Klavs F. Jensen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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10
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Scaling continuous API synthesis from milligram to kilogram: extending the enabling benefits of micro to the plant. J Flow Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s41981-019-00060-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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11
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Guan F, Kapur N, Sim L, Taylor CJ, Wen J, Zhang X, Blacker AJ. A universal reactor platform for batch and flow: application to homogeneous and heterogeneous hydrogenation. REACT CHEM ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0re00061b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Micro-CSTRs have been developed and used to determine optimal pressure hydrogenation conditions in batch, before being reconfigured for continuous flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanfu Guan
- Institute of Process Research and Development
- School of Chemistry
- University of Leeds
- Leeds
- UK
| | - Nikil Kapur
- School of Mechanical Engineering
- University of Leeds
- Leeds
- UK
| | - Louise Sim
- School of Food Science and Nutrition
- University of Leeds
- Leeds
- UK
| | - Connor J. Taylor
- School of Chemical and Process Engineering
- University of Leeds
- Leeds
- UK
| | - Jialin Wen
- Department of Chemistry
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen
- China
| | - Xumu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen
- China
| | - A. John Blacker
- Institute of Process Research and Development
- School of Chemistry
- University of Leeds
- Leeds
- UK
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12
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Künnemann KU, Bianga J, Scheel R, Seidensticker T, Dreimann JM, Vogt D. Process Development for the Rhodium-Catalyzed Reductive Amination in a Thermomorphic Multiphase System. Org Process Res Dev 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.9b00409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai U. Künnemann
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry, Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, TU Dortmund University, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Jonas Bianga
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry, Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, TU Dortmund University, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Ricarda Scheel
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry, Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, TU Dortmund University, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Thomas Seidensticker
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry, Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, TU Dortmund University, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Jens M. Dreimann
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry, Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, TU Dortmund University, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Dieter Vogt
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry, Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, TU Dortmund University, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
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13
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Campbell Brewer A, Hoffman PC, Martinelli JR, Kobierski ME, Mullane N, Robbins D. Development and Scale-Up of a Continuous Aerobic Oxidative Chan–Lam Coupling. Org Process Res Dev 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.9b00125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alison Campbell Brewer
- Small Molecule Design and Development, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Philip C. Hoffman
- Small Molecule Design and Development, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Joseph R. Martinelli
- Small Molecule Design and Development, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Michael E. Kobierski
- Small Molecule Design and Development, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Nessa Mullane
- Eli Lilly Kinsale Limited, Dunderrow, Kinsale, P17 NY71 Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - David Robbins
- Small Molecule Design and Development, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
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14
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Cole KP, Reizman BJ, Hess M, Groh JM, Laurila ME, Cope RF, Campbell BM, Forst MB, Burt JL, Maloney TD, Johnson MD, Mitchell D, Polster CS, Mitra AW, Boukerche M, Conder EW, Braden TM, Miller RD, Heller MR, Phillips JL, Howell JR. Small-Volume Continuous Manufacturing of Merestinib. Part 1. Process Development and Demonstration. Org Process Res Dev 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.8b00441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin P. Cole
- Small Molecule Design and Development, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Brandon J. Reizman
- Small Molecule Design and Development, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Molly Hess
- Small Molecule Design and Development, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Jennifer M. Groh
- Small Molecule Design and Development, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Michael E. Laurila
- Small Molecule Design and Development, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Richard F. Cope
- Small Molecule Design and Development, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Bradley M. Campbell
- Small Molecule Design and Development, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Mindy B. Forst
- Small Molecule Design and Development, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Justin L. Burt
- Small Molecule Design and Development, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Todd D. Maloney
- Small Molecule Design and Development, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Martin D. Johnson
- Small Molecule Design and Development, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - David Mitchell
- Small Molecule Design and Development, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Christopher S. Polster
- Small Molecule Design and Development, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Aurpon W. Mitra
- Small Molecule Design and Development, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Moussa Boukerche
- Small Molecule Design and Development, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Edward W. Conder
- Small Molecule Design and Development, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Timothy M. Braden
- Small Molecule Design and Development, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Richard D. Miller
- Small Molecule Design and Development, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Michael R. Heller
- Small Molecule Design and Development, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Joseph L. Phillips
- Small Molecule Design and Development, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - John R. Howell
- Small Molecule Design and Development, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
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15
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Bana P, Szigetvári Á, Kóti J, Éles J, Greiner I. Flow-oriented synthetic design in the continuous preparation of the aryl piperazine drug flibanserin. REACT CHEM ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8re00266e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The first integrated continuous-flow synthesis of the drug substance flibanserin was developed, using an uninterrupted four-step sequence, via an unprecedented route.
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16
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Lambertus GR, Webster LP, Braden TM, Campbell BM, McClary Groh J, Maloney TD, Milenbaugh P, Spencer RD, Sun WM, Johnson MD. Development of Universal, Automated Sample Acquisition, Preparation, and Delivery Devices and Methods for Pharmaceutical Applications. Org Process Res Dev 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.8b00280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gordon R. Lambertus
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Luke P. Webster
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Timothy M. Braden
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Bradley M. Campbell
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Jennifer McClary Groh
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Todd D. Maloney
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Paul Milenbaugh
- D&M Continuous Solutions, LLC, Greenwood, Indiana 46113, United States
| | | | - Wei-ming Sun
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Martin D. Johnson
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
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17
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Touge T, Kuwana M, Komatsuki Y, Tanaka S, Nara H, Matsumura K, Sayo N, Kashibuchi Y, Saito T. Development of Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation with a Bifunctional Oxo-Tethered Ruthenium Catalyst in Flow for the Synthesis of a Ceramide (d-erythro-CER[NDS]). Org Process Res Dev 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.8b00338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Taichiro Touge
- Corporate Research & Development Division, Takasago International Corporation, 1-4-11 Nishi-yawata, Hiratsuka City, Kanagawa 254-0073, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kuwana
- Corporate Research & Development Division, Takasago International Corporation, 1-4-11 Nishi-yawata, Hiratsuka City, Kanagawa 254-0073, Japan
- Process Development Division, Takasago Chemical Corporation, Kakegawa Factory, 2746 Kuniyasu, Kakegawa City, Shizuoka 437-1413, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Komatsuki
- Corporate Research & Development Division, Takasago International Corporation, 1-4-11 Nishi-yawata, Hiratsuka City, Kanagawa 254-0073, Japan
| | - Shigeru Tanaka
- Corporate Research & Development Division, Takasago International Corporation, 1-4-11 Nishi-yawata, Hiratsuka City, Kanagawa 254-0073, Japan
| | - Hideki Nara
- Corporate Research & Development Division, Takasago International Corporation, 1-4-11 Nishi-yawata, Hiratsuka City, Kanagawa 254-0073, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Matsumura
- Corporate Research & Development Division, Takasago International Corporation, 1-4-11 Nishi-yawata, Hiratsuka City, Kanagawa 254-0073, Japan
| | - Noboru Sayo
- Corporate Research & Development Division, Takasago International Corporation, 1-4-11 Nishi-yawata, Hiratsuka City, Kanagawa 254-0073, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Kashibuchi
- Process Development Division, Takasago Chemical Corporation, Kakegawa Factory, 2746 Kuniyasu, Kakegawa City, Shizuoka 437-1413, Japan
| | - Takao Saito
- Process Development Division, Takasago Chemical Corporation, Kakegawa Factory, 2746 Kuniyasu, Kakegawa City, Shizuoka 437-1413, Japan
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18
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Tsukanov SV, Johnson MD, May SA, Kolis SP, Yates MH, Johnston JN. Continuous Platform to Generate Nitroalkanes On-Demand (in situ) using Peracetic Acid-Mediated Oxidation in a PFA Pipes-in-Series Reactor. Org Process Res Dev 2018; 22:971-977. [PMID: 30906182 DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.8b00113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The synthetic utility of the aza-Henry reaction can be diminished on scale by potential hazards associated with the use of peracid to prepare nitroalkane substrates, and the nitroalkanes themselves. In response, a continuous and scalable chemistry platform to prepare aliphatic nitroalkanes on-demand is reported, using the oxidation of oximes with peracetic acid and direct reaction of the nitroalkane intermediate in an aza-Henry reaction. A uniquely designed pipes-in-series plug flow tube reactor addresses a range of process challenges including stability and safe handling of peroxides and nitroalkanes. The subsequent continuous extraction generates a solution of purified nitroalkane which can be directly used in the following enantioselective aza-Henry chemistry to furnish valuable chiral diamine precursors in high selectivity, thus, completely avoiding isolation of potentially unsafe low molecular weight nitroalkane intermediate. A continuous campaign (16 h) established that these conditions were effective in processing 100 g of the oxime and furnishing 1.4 L of nitroalkane solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey V Tsukanov
- Small Molecule Design and Development, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, Unites States.,Department of Chemistry and Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Martin D Johnson
- Small Molecule Design and Development, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, Unites States
| | - Scott A May
- Small Molecule Design and Development, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, Unites States
| | - Stanley P Kolis
- Small Molecule Design and Development, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, Unites States
| | - Matthew H Yates
- Small Molecule Design and Development, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, Unites States
| | - Jeffrey N Johnston
- Department of Chemistry and Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
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19
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Frederick MO, Pietz MA, Kjell DP, Richey RN, Tharp GA, Touge T, Yokoyama N, Kida M, Matsuo T. Development of a Leuckart–Wallach Reaction in Flow for the Synthesis of Abemaciclib. Org Process Res Dev 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.7b00234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Taichiro Touge
- Corporate
Research and Development Devision, Takasago International Corporation, 1-4-11 Nishiyawata, Hiratsuka City, Kanagawa 254-0073, Japan
| | - Naota Yokoyama
- Corporate
Research and Development Devision, Takasago International Corporation, 1-4-11 Nishiyawata, Hiratsuka City, Kanagawa 254-0073, Japan
| | - Michio Kida
- Corporate
Research and Development Devision, Takasago International Corporation, 1-4-11 Nishiyawata, Hiratsuka City, Kanagawa 254-0073, Japan
| | - Toshiyasu Matsuo
- Corporate
Research and Development Devision, Takasago International Corporation, 1-4-11 Nishiyawata, Hiratsuka City, Kanagawa 254-0073, Japan
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20
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Suveges NS, de Souza ROMA, Gutmann B, Kappe CO. Synthesis of Mepivacaine and Its Analogues by a Continuous-Flow Tandem Hydrogenation/Reductive Amination Strategy. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nícolas S. Suveges
- Chemistry Institute; Federal University of Rio de Janeiro; CEP 22941 909 Rio de Janeiro Brazil
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Graz, NAWI Graz; Heinrichstrasse 28 8010 Graz Austria
| | | | - Bernhard Gutmann
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Graz, NAWI Graz; Heinrichstrasse 28 8010 Graz Austria
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering (RCPE); Inffeldgasse 13 8010 Graz Austria
| | - C. Oliver Kappe
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Graz, NAWI Graz; Heinrichstrasse 28 8010 Graz Austria
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering (RCPE); Inffeldgasse 13 8010 Graz Austria
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21
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Shukla CA, Kulkarni AA. Automating multistep flow synthesis: approach and challenges in integrating chemistry, machines and logic. Beilstein J Org Chem 2017; 13:960-987. [PMID: 28684977 PMCID: PMC5480366 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.13.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The implementation of automation in the multistep flow synthesis is essential for transforming laboratory-scale chemistry into a reliable industrial process. In this review, we briefly introduce the role of automation based on its application in synthesis viz. auto sampling and inline monitoring, optimization and process control. Subsequently, we have critically reviewed a few multistep flow synthesis and suggested a possible control strategy to be implemented so that it helps to reliably transfer the laboratory-scale synthesis strategy to a pilot scale at its optimum conditions. Due to the vast literature in multistep synthesis, we have classified the literature and have identified the case studies based on few criteria viz. type of reaction, heating methods, processes involving in-line separation units, telescopic synthesis, processes involving in-line quenching and process with the smallest time scale of operation. This classification will cover the broader range in the multistep synthesis literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinmay A Shukla
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory (NCL) Campus, Pune 411008, India
- Chem. Eng. & Proc. Dev. Div., CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhaba Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India
| | - Amol A Kulkarni
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory (NCL) Campus, Pune 411008, India
- Chem. Eng. & Proc. Dev. Div., CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhaba Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India
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22
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Affiliation(s)
- Klavs F. Jensen
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering; MIT; Room 66-542A, 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge MA 02139
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23
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Changi SM, Yokozawa T, Yamamoto T, Nakajima H, Embry MC, Vaid R, Luciani CV, Wong SW, Johnson M, Moher ED. Mechanistic investigation of a Ru-catalyzed direct asymmetric reductive amination reaction for a batch or continuous process scale-up: an industrial perspective. REACT CHEM ENG 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7re00055c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Scale-up of a pharmaceutical process step via an experimental and model driven approach.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tohru Yokozawa
- Takasago International Corporation
- Corporate Research & Development Division
- Hiratsuka City
- Japan
| | - Tetsuya Yamamoto
- Takasago International Corporation
- Corporate Research & Development Division
- Hiratsuka City
- Japan
| | - Hikaru Nakajima
- Takasago International Corporation
- Corporate Research & Development Division
- Hiratsuka City
- Japan
| | - Matthew C. Embry
- Small Molecule Design & Development
- Eli Lilly and Company
- Indianapolis
- USA
| | - Radhe Vaid
- Small Molecule Design & Development
- Eli Lilly and Company
- Indianapolis
- USA
| | - Carla V. Luciani
- Small Molecule Design & Development
- Eli Lilly and Company
- Indianapolis
- USA
| | - Sze-Wing Wong
- Small Molecule Design & Development
- Eli Lilly and Company
- Indianapolis
- USA
| | - Martin Johnson
- Small Molecule Design & Development
- Eli Lilly and Company
- Indianapolis
- USA
| | - Eric D. Moher
- Small Molecule Design & Development
- Eli Lilly and Company
- Indianapolis
- USA
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24
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May SA, Johnson MD, Buser JY, Campbell AN, Frank SA, Haeberle BD, Hoffman PC, Lambertus GR, McFarland AD, Moher ED, White TD, Hurley DD, Corrigan AP, Gowran O, Kerrigan NG, Kissane MG, Lynch RR, Sheehan P, Spencer RD, Pulley SR, Stout JR. Development and Manufacturing GMP Scale-Up of a Continuous Ir-Catalyzed Homogeneous Reductive Amination Reaction. Org Process Res Dev 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.6b00148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Scott A. May
- Lilly Research Laboratories,
Eli Lilly
and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Martin D. Johnson
- Lilly Research Laboratories,
Eli Lilly
and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Jonas Y. Buser
- Lilly Research Laboratories,
Eli Lilly
and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Alison N. Campbell
- Lilly Research Laboratories,
Eli Lilly
and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Scott A. Frank
- Lilly Research Laboratories,
Eli Lilly
and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Brian D. Haeberle
- Lilly Research Laboratories,
Eli Lilly
and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Philip C. Hoffman
- Lilly Research Laboratories,
Eli Lilly
and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Gordon R. Lambertus
- Lilly Research Laboratories,
Eli Lilly
and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Adam D. McFarland
- Lilly Research Laboratories,
Eli Lilly
and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Eric D. Moher
- Lilly Research Laboratories,
Eli Lilly
and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Timothy D. White
- Lilly Research Laboratories,
Eli Lilly
and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Shon R. Pulley
- D&M Continuous Solutions, LLC, Greenwood, Indiana 46113, United States
| | - James R. Stout
- D&M Continuous Solutions, LLC, Greenwood, Indiana 46113, United States
| |
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