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Wang ZH, Fu XH, Li Q, You Y, Yang L, Zhao JQ, Zhang YP, Yuan WC. Recent Advances in the Domino Annulation Reaction of Quinone Imines. Molecules 2024; 29:2481. [PMID: 38893357 PMCID: PMC11173866 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29112481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Quinone imines are important derivatives of quinones with a wide range of applications in organic synthesis and the pharmaceutical industry. The attack of nucleophilic reagents on quinone imines tends to lead to aromatization of the quinone skeleton, resulting in both the high reactivity and the unique reactivity of quinone imines. The extreme value of quinone imines in the construction of nitrogen- or oxygen-containing heterocycles has attracted widespread attention, and remarkable advances have been reported recently. This review provides an overview of the application of quinone imines in the synthesis of cyclic compounds via the domino annulation reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Hua Wang
- Innovation Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China; (X.-H.F.); (Y.Y.); (L.Y.); (J.-Q.Z.); (Y.-P.Z.)
| | - Xiao-Hui Fu
- Innovation Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China; (X.-H.F.); (Y.Y.); (L.Y.); (J.-Q.Z.); (Y.-P.Z.)
| | - Qun Li
- School of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Chengdu Technological University, Chengdu 611730, China;
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
| | - Yong You
- Innovation Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China; (X.-H.F.); (Y.Y.); (L.Y.); (J.-Q.Z.); (Y.-P.Z.)
| | - Lei Yang
- Innovation Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China; (X.-H.F.); (Y.Y.); (L.Y.); (J.-Q.Z.); (Y.-P.Z.)
| | - Jian-Qiang Zhao
- Innovation Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China; (X.-H.F.); (Y.Y.); (L.Y.); (J.-Q.Z.); (Y.-P.Z.)
| | - Yan-Ping Zhang
- Innovation Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China; (X.-H.F.); (Y.Y.); (L.Y.); (J.-Q.Z.); (Y.-P.Z.)
| | - Wei-Cheng Yuan
- Innovation Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China; (X.-H.F.); (Y.Y.); (L.Y.); (J.-Q.Z.); (Y.-P.Z.)
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2
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Maestro A, Malviya BK, Auer G, Ötvös SB, Kappe CO. A robust heterogeneous chiral phosphoric acid enables multi decagram scale production of optically active N, S-ketals. GREEN CHEMISTRY : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL AND GREEN CHEMISTRY RESOURCE : GC 2024; 26:4593-4599. [PMID: 38654978 PMCID: PMC11033974 DOI: 10.1039/d4gc00019f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Asymmetric organocatalysis has been recognized as one of the "top 10 emerging technologies" in chemistry by IUPAC in 2019. Its potential to make chemical processes more sustainable is promising, but there are still challenges that need to be addressed. Developing new and reliable enantioselective processes for reproducing batch reactions on a large scale requires a combination of chemical and technical solutions. In this manuscript, we combine a robust immobilized chiral phosphoric acid with a new packed-bed reactor design. This combination allows scaling up of the enantioselective addition of thiols to imines from a few milligrams to a multi-decagram scale in a continuous flow process without physical or chemical degradation of the catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aitor Maestro
- Department of Organic Chemistry I, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU Paseo de la Universidad 7 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz Spain
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz A-8010 Graz Austria
| | - Bhanwar K Malviya
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz A-8010 Graz Austria
- Center for Continuous Flow Synthesis and Processing (CC FLOW), Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH (RCPE) A-8010 Graz Austria
| | - Gerald Auer
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Graz, NAWI Graz Geocenter A-8010 Graz Austria
| | - Sándor B Ötvös
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz A-8010 Graz Austria
- Center for Continuous Flow Synthesis and Processing (CC FLOW), Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH (RCPE) A-8010 Graz Austria
| | - C Oliver Kappe
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz A-8010 Graz Austria
- Center for Continuous Flow Synthesis and Processing (CC FLOW), Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH (RCPE) A-8010 Graz Austria
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3
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Nowag J, Brauser M, Steuernagel L, Wende RC, Schreiner PR, Thiele CM. Quantifying Intermolecular Interactions in Asymmetric Peptide Organocatalysis as a Key toward Understanding Selectivity. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:170-180. [PMID: 38117177 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c06378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
The kinetic resolution of trans-cyclohexane-1,2-diol with a lipophilic oligopeptide catalyst shows extraordinary selectivities. To improve our understanding of the factors governing selectivity, we quantified the Gibbs free energies of interactions of the peptide with both enantiomers of trans-cyclohexane-1,2-diol using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. For this, we use advanced methods such as transverse relaxation (R2), diffusion measurements, saturation transfer difference (STD), and chemical shift (δ) analysis of peptide-diol mixtures upon varying their composition (NMR titrations). The methods employed give comparable and consistent results. The molecular recognition by the catalyst is approximately 3 kJ mol-1 in favor of the preferentially acetylated (R,R)-enantiomer in the temperature range studied. Interestingly, the difference of 3 kJ mol-1 is also confirmed by results from reaction monitoring of the acylation step under catalytic conditions, indicating that this finding is true regardless of whether the investigation is performed on the acetylated species or on the free catalyst. To arrive at these conclusions, the self-association of both the catalyst and the substrate in toluene was found to play an important role and thus needs to be taken into account in reaction screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Nowag
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Peter-Grünberg-Straße 16, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Matthias Brauser
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Peter-Grünberg-Straße 16, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Lisa Steuernagel
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Peter-Grünberg-Straße 16, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Raffael C Wende
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Peter R Schreiner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Christina M Thiele
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Peter-Grünberg-Straße 16, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
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4
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Somsri S, Suwankaisorn B, Yomthong K, Srisuwanno W, Klinyod S, Kuhn A, Wattanakit C. Highly Enantioselective Synthesis of Pharmaceuticals at Chiral-Encoded Metal Surfaces. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302054. [PMID: 37555292 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Enantioselective catalysis is of crucial importance in modern chemistry and pharmaceutical science. Although various concepts have been used for the development of enantioselective catalysts to obtain highly pure chiral compounds, most of them are based on homogeneous catalytic systems. Recently, we successfully developed nanostructured metal layers imprinted with chiral information, which were applied as electrocatalysts for the enantioselective synthesis of chiral model compounds. However, so far such materials have not been employed as heterogeneous catalysts for the enantioselective synthesis of real pharmaceutical products. In this contribution, we report the asymmetric synthesis of chiral pharmaceuticals (CPs) with chiral imprinted Pt-Ir surfaces as a simple hydrogenation catalyst. By fine-tuning the experimental parameters, a very high enantioselectivity (up to 95 % enantiomeric excess) with good catalyst stability can be achieved. The designed materials were also successfully used as catalytically active stationary phases for the continuous asymmetric flow synthesis of pharmaceutical compounds. This illustrates the possibility of producing real chiral pharmaceuticals at such nanostructured metal surfaces for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supattra Somsri
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Rayong, 21210, Thailand
| | - Banyong Suwankaisorn
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Rayong, 21210, Thailand
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, 16 Avenue Pey Berland, 33607, Pessac, France
| | - Krissanapat Yomthong
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Rayong, 21210, Thailand
| | - Wanmai Srisuwanno
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Rayong, 21210, Thailand
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, 16 Avenue Pey Berland, 33607, Pessac, France
| | - Sorasak Klinyod
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Rayong, 21210, Thailand
| | - Alexander Kuhn
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Rayong, 21210, Thailand
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, 16 Avenue Pey Berland, 33607, Pessac, France
| | - Chularat Wattanakit
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Rayong, 21210, Thailand
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5
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Yang H, Yu H, Stolarzewicz IA, Tang W. Enantioselective Transformations in the Synthesis of Therapeutic Agents. Chem Rev 2023; 123:9397-9446. [PMID: 37417731 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
The proportion of approved chiral drugs and drug candidates under medical studies has surged dramatically over the past two decades. As a consequence, the efficient synthesis of enantiopure pharmaceuticals or their synthetic intermediates poses a profound challenge to medicinal and process chemists. The significant advancement in asymmetric catalysis has provided an effective and reliable solution to this challenge. The successful application of transition metal catalysis, organocatalysis, and biocatalysis to the medicinal and pharmaceutical industries has promoted drug discovery by efficient and precise preparation of enantio-enriched therapeutic agents, and facilitated the industrial production of active pharmaceutical ingredient in an economic and environmentally friendly fashion. The present review summarizes the most recent applications (2008-2022) of asymmetric catalysis in the pharmaceutical industry ranging from process scales to pilot and industrial levels. It also showcases the latest achievements and trends in the asymmetric synthesis of therapeutic agents with state of the art technologies of asymmetric catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hanxiao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Izabela A Stolarzewicz
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wenjun Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- School of Chemistry and Material Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
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6
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Hennessy MC, Gandhi H, O'Sullivan TP. Organocatalytic Asymmetric Peroxidation of γ,δ-Unsaturated β-Keto Esters-A Novel Route to Chiral Cycloperoxides. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28114317. [PMID: 37298799 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28114317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
A methodology for the asymmetric peroxidation of γ,δ-unsaturated β-keto esters is presented. Using a cinchona-derived organocatalyst, the target δ-peroxy-β-keto esters were obtained in high enantiomeric ratios of up to 95:5. Additionally, these δ-peroxy esters can be readily reduced to chiral δ-hydroxy-β-keto esters without impacting the β-keto ester functionality. Importantly, this chemistry opens up a concise route to chiral 1,2-dioxolanes, a common motif in many bioactive natural products, via a novel P2O5-mediated cyclisation of the corresponding δ-peroxy-β-hydroxy esters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary C Hennessy
- School of Chemistry, University College Cork, T12 YN60 Cork, Ireland
- Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility, University College Cork, T12 YN60 Cork, Ireland
| | - Hirenkumar Gandhi
- School of Chemistry, University College Cork, T12 YN60 Cork, Ireland
- Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility, University College Cork, T12 YN60 Cork, Ireland
| | - Timothy P O'Sullivan
- School of Chemistry, University College Cork, T12 YN60 Cork, Ireland
- Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility, University College Cork, T12 YN60 Cork, Ireland
- School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, T12 YN60 Cork, Ireland
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7
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Łukasik B, Romaniszyn M, Kłoszewski N, Albrecht Ł. Asymmetric Organocatalysis in the Remote (3 + 2)-Cycloaddition to 4-(Alk-1-en-1-yl)-3-cyanocoumarins. Org Lett 2023; 25:3728-3732. [PMID: 37186962 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c01189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The application of organocatalytic bifunctional activation in the remote (3 + 2)-cycloaddition between 4-(alk-1-en-1-yl)-3-cyanocoumarins and imines derived from salicylaldehyde is demonstrated. Products, bearing two biologically relevant units, have been obtained with good chemical and stereochemical efficiency. The stereochemical outcome of the process results from the application of a quinine-derived catalyst. Selected transformations of the cycloadducts leading to further chemical diversity have been demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Łukasik
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924 Łódź, Poland
| | - Marta Romaniszyn
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924 Łódź, Poland
| | - Nathan Kłoszewski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924 Łódź, Poland
| | - Łukasz Albrecht
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924 Łódź, Poland
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8
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Burke AJ. Asymmetric organocatalysis in drug discovery and development for active pharmaceutical ingredients. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2023; 18:37-46. [PMID: 36527181 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2023.2160437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Over the last 20 years, it has become clear that organocatalysis is the third pillar of catalysis. The low reactivity in the early days of organocatalysis has been overcome with the invention of more efficient catalysts, and by harnessing enabling technologies like continuous-flow chemistry and photo-redox catalysis. AREAS COVERED The main focus of this review is on the development over the last 10-15 years of key APIs using asymmetric organocatalysis. Due to significant engineering advances, and also due to the need for continuous manufacturing, flow and photo-redox approaches are becoming more widespread. EXPERT OPINION Over the last 20 years, organocatalysis has been used on various occasions for accessing chiral drugs. The great advantage of using these catalysts is that the final active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) is metal-free. Also due to their inherent stability in air and water, they are very amenable to recovery via attachment to appropriate solid supports and also application in continuous flow systems. In recent years, more efficient organocatalysts have been developed, which includes the photoredox types, with much potential for chiral API synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J Burke
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Coimbra, Portugal.,Centro de Química de Coimbra, Institute of Molecular Science, Rua Larga, Coimbra, Portugal.,LAQV-REQUIMTE, Institute for Research and Advanced Studies, University of Évora, Évora, Portugal.,Center for Neurosciences and Cellular Biology (CNC), Polo I, Universidade de Coimbra Rua Larga Faculdade de Medicina, Polo I, Coimbra, Portugal
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9
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Stegbauer S, Jandl C, Bach T. Chiral Lewis acid catalysis in a visible light-triggered cycloaddition/rearrangement cascade. Chem Sci 2022; 13:11856-11862. [PMID: 36320923 PMCID: PMC9580482 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc03159k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Cascade (domino) reactions facilitate the formation of complex molecules from simple starting materials in a single operation. It was found that 1-naphthaldehyde derivatives can be converted to enantioenriched (82-96% ee) polycyclic benzoisochromenes via a cascade of ortho photocycloaddition and ensuing acid-catalysed rearrangement reactions. The cascade was initiated by irradiation with visible light (λ = 457 nm) and catalysed by a chiral AlBr3-activated 1,3,2-oxazaborolidine (14 examples, 65-93% yield). The absolute configuration of the products was elucidated by single crystal X-ray crystallography. Mechanistic experiments suggest that the ortho photocycloaddition occurs on the triplet hypersurface and that the chiral catalyst induces in this step the observed enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Stegbauer
- Technische Universität München, School of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center Lichtenbergstrasse 4 Garching 85747 Germany https://www.ch.nat.tum.de/en/oc1/home/ +49 (0)89 289 13315
| | - Christian Jandl
- Technische Universität München, School of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center Lichtenbergstrasse 4 Garching 85747 Germany https://www.ch.nat.tum.de/en/oc1/home/ +49 (0)89 289 13315
| | - Thorsten Bach
- Technische Universität München, School of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center Lichtenbergstrasse 4 Garching 85747 Germany https://www.ch.nat.tum.de/en/oc1/home/ +49 (0)89 289 13315
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10
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Corbisiero D, Fantoni T, Ferrazzano L, Martelli G, Cantelmi P, Mattellone A, Palladino C, Monari M, Pedrazzani R, Tolomelli A, Cabri W. Fast MacMillan's Imidazolidinone-Catalyzed Enantioselective Synthesis of Polyfunctionalized 4-Isoxazoline Scaffolds. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:26919-26927. [PMID: 35936453 PMCID: PMC9352246 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The enantioselective 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of nitrones and arylpropionaldehydes to generate highly functionalized scaffolds for application in drug discovery was herein investigated. The use of a second-generation MacMillan catalyst as hydrochloride salt consistently accelerated the reaction speed, allowing a decrease in the reaction time up to >100 times, still affording 4-isoxazolines with good to excellent enantiomeric ratios at room temperature. As a proof of concept, further functionalization of the isoxazoline core through Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling was performed, generating differently functionalized chemical architectures in high yield.
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11
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Ralbovsky NM, Smith JP. Process analytical technology and its recent applications for asymmetric synthesis. Talanta 2022; 252:123787. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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13
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Hughes DL. Highlights of the Recent Patent Literature: Focus on Asymmetric Organocatalysis. Org Process Res Dev 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.2c00139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David L. Hughes
- Cidara Therapeutics, 6755 Mira Mesa Blvd., Suite 123-217, San Diego, California 92121, United States
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14
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Buttard F, Champagne PA. Binding Modes and Origins of Enantioselectivity in the Phase-Transfer-Catalyzed Conjugate Cyanation of β-Trifluoromethylated Chalcones. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c01904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Floris Buttard
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Pier Alexandre Champagne
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
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15
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Horizons in Asymmetric Organocatalysis: En Route to the Sustainability and New Applications. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12010101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, the development of new enantioselective processes is highly relevant in chemistry due to the relevance of chiral compounds in biomedicine (mainly drugs) and in other fields, such as agrochemistry, animal feed, and flavorings. Among them, organocatalytic methods have become an efficient and sustainable alternative since List and MacMillan pioneering contributions were published in 2000. These works established the term asymmetric organocatalysis to label this area of research, which has grown exponentially over the last two decades. Since then, the scientific community has attended to the discovery of a plethora of organic reactions and transformations carried out with excellent results in terms of both reactivity and enantioselectivity. Looking back to earlier times, we can find in the literature a few examples where small organic molecules and some natural products could act as effective catalysts. However, with the birth of this type of catalysis, new chemical architectures based on amines, thioureas, squaramides, cinchona alkaloids, quaternary ammonium salts, carbenes, guanidines and phosphoric acids, among many others, have been developed. These organocatalysts have provided a broad range of activation modes that allow privileged interactions between catalysts and substrates for the preparation of compounds with high added value in an enantioselective way. Here, we briefly cover the history of this chemistry, from our point of view, including our beginnings, how the field has evolved during these years of research, and the road ahead.
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16
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Mader S, Maji MS, Atodiresei I, Rueping M. Brønsted acid catalyzed enantioselective addition of hydrazones to 3-indolylmethanols. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00840h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A metal-free synthesis of enantiopure β-substituted tryptophan derivatives was developed. A chiral Brønsted acid enabled the addition of donor-substituted hydrazones to 3-indolylmethanols in excellent yields and enantioselectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Mader
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Modhu Sudan Maji
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Iuliana Atodiresei
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Magnus Rueping
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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17
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Romaniszyn M, Gronowska K, Albrecht Ł. Remote Functionalization of 4‐(Alk‐1‐en‐1‐yl)‐3‐Cyanocoumarins via the Asymmetric Organocatalytic 1,6‐Addition. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202100660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Romaniszyn
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry Lodz University of Technology Zeromskiego 116 90-924 Łódź Poland
| | - Katarzyna Gronowska
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry Lodz University of Technology Zeromskiego 116 90-924 Łódź Poland
| | - Łukasz Albrecht
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry Lodz University of Technology Zeromskiego 116 90-924 Łódź Poland
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18
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Sinibaldi A, Della Penna F, Ponzetti M, Fini F, Marchesan S, Baschieri A, Pesciaioli F, Carlone A. Asymmetric Organocatalysis Accelerated via Self‐Assembled Minimal Structures. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202101042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Sinibaldi
- Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences Università degli Studi dell'Aquila Via Vetoio 67100 L'Aquila Italy
| | - Francesca Della Penna
- Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences Università degli Studi dell'Aquila Via Vetoio 67100 L'Aquila Italy
| | - Marco Ponzetti
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences Università degli Studi dell'Aquila Via Vetoio 67100 L'Aquila Italy
| | - Francesco Fini
- Department of Life Sciences Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia Via G. Campi 103 41125 Modena Italy
| | - Silvia Marchesan
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Università degli Studi di Trieste Via Giorgieri 1 34127 Trieste Italy
- Unit of Trieste National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM) Via Giorgieri 1 34127 Trieste Italy
| | - Andrea Baschieri
- Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences Università degli Studi dell'Aquila Via Vetoio 67100 L'Aquila Italy
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Via P. Gobetti 101 40129 Bologna Italy
| | - Fabio Pesciaioli
- Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences Università degli Studi dell'Aquila Via Vetoio 67100 L'Aquila Italy
| | - Armando Carlone
- Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences Università degli Studi dell'Aquila Via Vetoio 67100 L'Aquila Italy
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19
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Ötvös SB, Kappe CO. Continuous flow asymmetric synthesis of chiral active pharmaceutical ingredients and their advanced intermediates. GREEN CHEMISTRY : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL AND GREEN CHEMISTRY RESOURCE : GC 2021; 23:6117-6138. [PMID: 34671222 PMCID: PMC8447942 DOI: 10.1039/d1gc01615f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic enantioselective transformations provide well-established and direct access to stereogenic synthons that are broadly distributed among active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). These reactions have been demonstrated to benefit considerably from the merits of continuous processing and microreactor technology. Over the past few years, continuous flow enantioselective catalysis has grown into a mature field and has found diverse applications in asymmetric synthesis of pharmaceutically active substances. The present review therefore surveys flow chemistry-based approaches for the synthesis of chiral APIs and their advanced stereogenic intermediates, covering the utilization of biocatalysis, organometallic catalysis and metal-free organocatalysis to introduce asymmetry in continuously operated systems. Single-step processes, interrupted multistep flow syntheses, combined batch/flow processes and uninterrupted one-flow syntheses are discussed herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sándor B Ötvös
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz Heinrichstrasse 28 A-8010 Graz Austria
- Center for Continuous Flow Synthesis and Processing (CC FLOW), Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH (RCPE) Inffeldgasse 13 A-8010 Graz Austria
| | - C Oliver Kappe
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz Heinrichstrasse 28 A-8010 Graz Austria
- Center for Continuous Flow Synthesis and Processing (CC FLOW), Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH (RCPE) Inffeldgasse 13 A-8010 Graz Austria
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20
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Abstract
Abstract
During the last 20 years, organocatalysis has significantly advanced as a field. Thanks to contributions from hundreds of groups and companies around the world, the area has risen from a few mechanistically ill-defined niche reactions, to one of the most vibrant and innovative fields in chemistry, providing several well-defined generic activation modes for selective catalysis. Organocatalysis is also on the rise in industrial settings, especially for the production of enantiomers, which are of use in fine chemistry, pharma, crop-protection, and fragrance chemistry. Here we will look at some of the specific elements of organocatalysis that we think are particularly attractive and contribute to this successful development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miles H. Aukland
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung , Mulheim an der Ruhr , Germany
| | - Benjamin List
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung , Mulheim an der Ruhr , Germany
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21
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Han B, He XH, Liu YQ, He G, Peng C, Li JL. Asymmetric organocatalysis: an enabling technology for medicinal chemistry. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:1522-1586. [PMID: 33496291 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00196a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The efficacy and synthetic versatility of asymmetric organocatalysis have contributed enormously to the field of organic synthesis since the early 2000s. As asymmetric organocatalytic methods mature, they have extended beyond the academia and undergone scale-up for the production of chiral drugs, natural products, and enantiomerically enriched bioactive molecules. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the applications of asymmetric organocatalysis in medicinal chemistry. A general picture of asymmetric organocatalytic strategies in medicinal chemistry is firstly presented, and the specific applications of these strategies in pharmaceutical synthesis are systematically described, with a focus on the preparation of antiviral, anticancer, neuroprotective, cardiovascular, antibacterial, and antiparasitic agents, as well as several miscellaneous bioactive agents. The review concludes with a discussion of the challenges, limitations and future prospects for organocatalytic asymmetric synthesis of medicinally valuable compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Han
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Xiang-Hong He
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Yan-Qing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Gu He
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Jun-Long Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China. and Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China.
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22
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi‐Chao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug‐Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Ministry of Education and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Wei Du
- Key Laboratory of Drug‐Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Ministry of Education and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Ying‐Chun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug‐Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Ministry of Education and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China
- College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University Shapingba, Chongqing 400038 China
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23
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Bitai J, Westwood MT, Smith AD. α,β-Unsaturated acyl ammonium species as reactive intermediates in organocatalysis: an update. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:2366-2384. [PMID: 33650626 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob02208j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
α,β-Unsaturated acyl ammonium species are versatile intermediates that have been applied in a variety of transformations including Michael additions, domino reactions and cycloadditions. Many of these transformations are promoted by chiral Lewis base catalysts, enabling the rapid generation of molecular complexity with high stereochemical control. This review highlights recent developments in the generation and application of α,β-unsaturated acyl ammonium intermediates reported since a previous review of this area in 2016. Particular emphasis will be placed on reports providing mechanistic insight into catalytic transformations and observed selectivities. A perspective on current challenges and potential future developments in the field of α,β-unsaturated acyl ammonium catalysis is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Bitai
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, Fife, Scotland, KY16 9ST, UK.
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24
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Fanjul-Mosteirín N, del Amo V. Organocatalytic transformations in deep eutectic solvents: Green methodologies made greener. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2021.131967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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25
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Zhang LW, Wang L, Ji N, Dai SY, He W. Asymmetric epoxidation of α,β-unsaturated ketones via an amine-thiourea dual activation catalysis. Tetrahedron Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2021.152941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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26
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Alekseev ES, Alentiev AY, Belova AS, Bogdan VI, Bogdan TV, Bystrova AV, Gafarova ER, Golubeva EN, Grebenik EA, Gromov OI, Davankov VA, Zlotin SG, Kiselev MG, Koklin AE, Kononevich YN, Lazhko AE, Lunin VV, Lyubimov SE, Martyanov ON, Mishanin II, Muzafarov AM, Nesterov NS, Nikolaev AY, Oparin RD, Parenago OO, Parenago OP, Pokusaeva YA, Ronova IA, Solovieva AB, Temnikov MN, Timashev PS, Turova OV, Filatova EV, Philippov AA, Chibiryaev AM, Shalygin AS. Supercritical fluids in chemistry. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2020. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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27
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Kee CW, Wong MW. Bicyclic Guanidine-Catalyzed Asymmetric Cycloaddition Reaction of Anthrones-Bifunctional Binding Modes and Origin of Stereoselectivity. J Org Chem 2020; 85:15139-15153. [PMID: 33175532 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
We report a computational analysis of the [5,5] bicyclic guanidine-catalyzed asymmetric cycloaddition reaction of anthrones. Based on extensive conformational search of key intermediates and transition states on the potential energy surface and density functional theory calculations, we studied five plausible binding modes between the guanidine catalyst and substrates for this reaction. Our results indicate that the most favorable pathway is a stepwise conjugate addition-Aldol sequence via the dual hydrogen-bond binding mode. The predicted level of enantioselectivity is in good agreement with experimental values. Trends in variation of substrates and catalysts have also been reproduced by our calculations. Decomposition analysis revealed the significance of aromatic interactions in stabilizing the key enantioselectivity-determining transition state structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Choon Wee Kee
- Process & Catalysis Research, Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences, 1 Pesek Road, Singapore 627899.,Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371
| | - Ming Wah Wong
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543
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28
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Majdecki M, Tyszka-Gumkowska A, Jurczak J. Highly Enantioselective Epoxidation of α,β-Unsaturated Ketones Using Amide-Based Cinchona Alkaloids as Hybrid Phase-Transfer Catalysts. Org Lett 2020; 22:8687-8691. [PMID: 33112627 PMCID: PMC7660942 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
![]()
A series of 20 one chiral epoxides
were obtained with excellent
yields (up to 99%) and enantioselectivities (up to >99% ee) using
hybrid amide-based Cinchona alkaloids. Our method
is characterized by low catalyst loading (0.5 mol %) and short reaction
times. Moreover, the epoxidation process can be carried out in 10
cycles, without further catalyst addition to the reaction mixture.
This methodology significantly enhance the scale of the process using
very low catalyst loading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Majdecki
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agata Tyszka-Gumkowska
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Janusz Jurczak
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
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29
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Schwinger DP, Bach T. Chiral 1,3,2-Oxazaborolidine Catalysts for Enantioselective Photochemical Reactions. Acc Chem Res 2020; 53:1933-1943. [PMID: 32880165 PMCID: PMC7497702 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Asymmetric synthesis has posed a significant challenge to organic chemists for over a century. Several strategies have been developed to synthesize enantiomerically enriched compounds, which are ubiquitous in the pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries. While many organometallic and organic catalysts have been found to mediate thermal enantioselective reactions, the field of photochemistry lacks similar depth. Recently, chiral 1,3,2-oxazaborolidines have made the transition from Lewis acids that were exclusively applied to thermal reactions to catalysts for enantioselective photochemical reactions. Due to their modular structure, various 1,3,2-oxazaborolidines are readily available and can be easily fitted to a given chemical transformation. Their use holds great promise for future developments in photochemistry. This Account gives an overview of the substrate classes that are known to undergo enantioselective photochemical transformations in the presence of chiral 1,3,2-oxazaborolidines and touches on the catalytic mode of action, on the proposed enantiodifferentiation mechanism, as well as on recent computational studies.Based on the discovery that the presence of Lewis acids enhances the efficiency of coumarin [2 + 2] photocycloadditions, chiral 1,3,2-oxazaborolidines were applied in 2010 for the first time to prepare enantiomerically enriched photoproducts. These Lewis acids were then successfully used in intramolecular [2 + 2] photocycloaddition reactions of 1-alkenoyl-5,6-dihydro-4-pyridones and 3-alkenyloxy-2-cycloalkenones. In the course of this work, it became evident that the chiral 1,3,2-oxazaborolidine must be tailored to the specific reaction; it was shown that both inter- and intramolecular [2 + 2] photocycloadditions of cyclic enones can be conducted enantioselectively, but the aryl rings of the chiral Lewis acids require different substitution patterns. In all [2 + 2] photocycloaddition reactions in which chiral 1,3,2-oxazaborolidines were used as catalysts, the catalyst loading could not be decreased below 50 mol % without sacrificing enantioselectivity due to competitive racemic background reactions. To overcome this constraint, substrates that reacted exclusively when bound to an oxazaborolidine were tested, notably phenanthrene-9-carboxaldehydes and cyclohexa-2,4-dienones. The former substrate class underwent an ortho photocycloaddition, the latter an oxadi-π-methane rearrangement. Several new 1,3,2-oxazaborolidines were designed, and the products were obtained in high enantioselectivity with only 10 mol % of catalyst. Recently, an iridium-based triplet sensitizer was employed to facilitate enantioselective [2 + 2] photocycloadditions of cinnamates with 25 mol % of chiral 1,3,2-oxazaborolidine. In this case, the relatively low catalyst loading was possible because the oxazaborolidine-substrate complex exhibits a lower triplet energy and an improved electronic coupling compared to the uncomplexed substrate, allowing for a selective energy transfer.By synthetic and theoretical studies, it has become evident that chiral 1,3,2-oxazaborolidines are multifaceted catalysts: they change absorption behavior, alter energetic states, and induce chirality. While a diverse set of substrates has been shown to undergo enantioselective photochemical transformations in the presence of chiral 1,3,2-oxazaborolidines either through direct excitation or through triplet sensitization, these catalysts took on different roles for different substrates. Based on the studies presented in this Account, it can be assumed that there are still more photochemical reactions and substrate classes that could profit from chiral 1,3,2-oxazaborolidines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P. Schwinger
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Thorsten Bach
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching, Germany
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30
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Liu D, Wang J, Liu W, Zhang F, Zhou Y. Synthesis of Polycyclic Spiro Pyrrolidone Derivatives via DBU‐Catalyzed Diastereoselective Vinylogous Aldol‐Michael Cascade Reaction. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202000463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Liu
- Chemistry and Environment Engineering CollegePingdingshan University Pingdingshan 475000 P. R. China
| | - Jiansheng Wang
- Chemistry and Environment Engineering CollegePingdingshan University Pingdingshan 475000 P. R. China
| | - Wenqin Liu
- School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Life SciencesWuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 P. R. China
| | - Fang‐Lin Zhang
- School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Life SciencesWuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 P. R. China
| | - Yirong Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation School of Pharmacy Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430030 P. R. China
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31
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Ji DS, Luo YC, Hu XQ, Xu PF. Enantioselective Synthesis of Spirorhodanine-Pyran Derivatives via Organocatalytic [3 + 3] Annulation Reactions between Pyrazolones and Rhodanine-Derived Ketoesters. Org Lett 2020; 22:1028-1033. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b04571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Sheng Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Chun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Xiu-Qin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Peng-Fei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
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32
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Parvin T, Yadav R, Choudhury LH. Recent applications of thiourea-based organocatalysts in asymmetric multicomponent reactions (AMCRs). Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:5513-5532. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ob00595a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
This review describes the recent applications of thiourea-based organocatalysts in asymmetric multicomponent reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasneem Parvin
- Department of Chemistry
- National Institute of Technology Patna
- Patna – 800005
- India
| | - Rahul Yadav
- Department of Chemistry
- National Institute of Technology Patna
- Patna – 800005
- India
| | - Lokman H. Choudhury
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Patna
- Patna – 801106
- India
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33
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Velardo A, Capaccio V, Caruso T, Di Mola A, Massa A, Tedesco C, Caporaso L, Falivene L, Palombi L. Desymmetrization of 2-Cyano- N
-tosylbenzylidenimine with Thiols and Organocatalytic Heterocyclization by Dynamic Resolution: Mechanism Investigation. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amalia Velardo
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia; Università degli Studi di Salerno; Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132 84084 Fiscyano (SA) Italy
| | - Vito Capaccio
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia; Università degli Studi di Salerno; Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132 84084 Fiscyano (SA) Italy
| | - Tonino Caruso
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia; Università degli Studi di Salerno; Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132 84084 Fiscyano (SA) Italy
| | - Antonia Di Mola
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia; Università degli Studi di Salerno; Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132 84084 Fiscyano (SA) Italy
| | - Antonio Massa
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia; Università degli Studi di Salerno; Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132 84084 Fiscyano (SA) Italy
| | - Consiglia Tedesco
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia; Università degli Studi di Salerno; Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132 84084 Fiscyano (SA) Italy
| | - Lucia Caporaso
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia; Università degli Studi di Salerno; Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132 84084 Fiscyano (SA) Italy
| | - Laura Falivene
- Chemical and Life Sciences and Engineering; Kaust Catalysis Center; King Abdullah University of Science and Technology; 23955-6900 Thuwal Saudi Arabia
| | - Laura Palombi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia; Università degli Studi di Salerno; Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132 84084 Fiscyano (SA) Italy
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34
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Ou Z, Huang Q, Kou Y, Cheng F, Kalita SJ, Zhao Z, Huang Y. 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloadditions of β‐Fluoroalkyl Vinylsulfones and Nitrile Oxides for Fluoroalkylated Isoxazolines and Isoxazoles. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201900578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Ou
- Department of Chemistry School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life ScienceWuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 China
| | - Qian Huang
- Department of Chemistry School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life ScienceWuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 China
| | - Ying‐Da Kou
- Department of Chemistry School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life ScienceWuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 China
| | - Feng Cheng
- Department of Chemistry School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life ScienceWuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 China
| | - Subarna Jyoti Kalita
- Department of Chemistry School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life ScienceWuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 China
| | - Zhen‐Ni Zhao
- Department of Chemistry School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life ScienceWuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 China
| | - Yi‐Yong Huang
- Department of Chemistry School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life ScienceWuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 China
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35
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Carlone A, Bernardi L. Enantioselective organocatalytic approaches to active pharmaceutical ingredients – selected industrial examples. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2018-0097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Catalysis is, often, the preferred approach to access chiral molecules in enantioenriched form both in academia and in industry; nowadays, organocatalysis is recognised as the third pillar in asymmetric catalysis, along with bio- and metal-catalysis. Despite enormous advancements in academic research, there is a common belief that organocatalysis is not developed enough to be applicable in industry. In this review, we describe a selection of industrial routes and their R&D process for the manufacture of active pharmaceutical ingredients, highlighting how asymmetric organocatalysis brings added value to an industrial process. The thorough study of the steps, driven by economic stimuli, developed and improved chemistry that was, otherwise, believed to not be applicable in an industrial setting. The knowledge discussed in the reviewed papers will be an invaluable resource for the whole research community.
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36
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O'Donnell MJ. Benzophenone Schiff bases of glycine derivatives: Versatile starting materials for the synthesis of amino acids and their derivatives. Tetrahedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2019.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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37
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Chate AV, Shaikh BA, Bondle GM, Sangle SM. Efficient atom-economic one-pot multicomponent synthesis of benzylpyrazolyl coumarins and novel pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazoles catalysed by 2-aminoethanesulfonic acid (taurine) as a bio-organic catalyst. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2019.1619772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Asha V. Chate
- Department of Chemistry, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad, India
| | - Badrodin Ayyub Shaikh
- Department of Chemistry, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad, India
| | - Giribala M. Bondle
- Department of Chemistry, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad, India
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38
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Guruge C, Rfaish SY, Byrd C, Yang S, Starrett AK, Guisbert E, Nesnas N. Caged Proline in Photoinitiated Organocatalysis. J Org Chem 2019; 84:5236-5244. [PMID: 30908906 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Organocatalysis is an emerging field, in which small metal-free organic structures catalyze a diversity of reactions with a remarkable stereoselectivity. The ability to selectively switch on such pathways upon demand has proven to be a valuable tool in biological systems. Light as a trigger provides the ultimate spatial and temporal control of activation. However, there have been limited examples of phototriggered catalytic systems. Herein, we describe the synthesis and application of a caged proline system that can initiate organocatalysis upon irradiation. The caged proline was generated using the highly efficient 4-carboxy-5,7-dinitroindolinyl (CDNI) photocleavable protecting group in a four-step synthesis. Advantages of this system include water solubility, biocompatibility, high quantum yield for catalyst release, and responsiveness to two-photon excitation. We showed the light-triggered catalysis of a crossed aldol reaction, a Mannich reaction, and a self-aldol condensation reaction. We also demonstrated light-initiated catalysis, leading to the formation of a biocide in situ, which resulted in the growth inhibition of E. coli, with as little as 3 min of irradiation. This technique can be broadly applied to other systems, by which the formation of active forms of drugs can be catalytically assembled remotely via two-photon irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charitha Guruge
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Sciences , Florida Institute of Technology , Melbourne , Florida 32901 , United States
| | - Saad Y Rfaish
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Sciences , Florida Institute of Technology , Melbourne , Florida 32901 , United States
| | - Chanel Byrd
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Sciences , Florida Institute of Technology , Melbourne , Florida 32901 , United States
| | - Shukun Yang
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Sciences , Florida Institute of Technology , Melbourne , Florida 32901 , United States
| | - Anthony K Starrett
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Sciences , Florida Institute of Technology , Melbourne , Florida 32901 , United States
| | - Eric Guisbert
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Sciences , Florida Institute of Technology , Melbourne , Florida 32901 , United States
| | - Nasri Nesnas
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Sciences , Florida Institute of Technology , Melbourne , Florida 32901 , United States
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Kucherenko AS, Kostenko AA, Komogortsev AN, Lichitsky BV, Fedotov MY, Zlotin SG. C2-Symmetric Chiral Squaramide, Recyclable Organocatalyst for Asymmetric Michael Reactions. J Org Chem 2019; 84:4304-4311. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander S. Kucherenko
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky Prospect, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Alexey A. Kostenko
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky Prospect, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Andrey N. Komogortsev
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky Prospect, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Boris V. Lichitsky
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky Prospect, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Michael Yu. Fedotov
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky Prospect, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Sergei G. Zlotin
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky Prospect, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
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40
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Kisszekelyi P, Alammar A, Kupai J, Huszthy P, Barabas J, Holtzl T, Szente L, Bawn C, Adams R, Szekely G. Asymmetric synthesis with cinchona-decorated cyclodextrin in a continuous-flow membrane reactor. J Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2019.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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41
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Myers EL, Palte MJ, Raines RT. Catalysis of Hydrogen-Deuterium Exchange Reactions by 4-Substituted Proline Derivatives. J Org Chem 2019; 84:1247-1256. [PMID: 30602119 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b02644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The identification and understanding of structure-activity relationships is vital for rational catalyst design. A kinetic study of the hydrogen-deuterium exchange reaction of cyclohexanone in aqueous solution, as catalyzed by proline derivatives, has revealed valuable structure-activity relationships. In phosphate-buffered solution, cis-4-fluoroproline is more active than the trans isomer, a distinction that appears to originate from a destabilizing interaction between the fluorine atom and phosphate anion during general acid-catalyzed dehydration of the carbinolamine intermediate. trans-4-Ammoniumprolines are exceptionally active catalysts owing to favorable Coulombic interactions involving the ammonium group and the alkoxide moiety formed upon 1,2-addition of the proline derivative to the ketone. These results could be used for the optimization of proline catalysts, especially in transformations where the formation of the putative iminium ion is rate-limiting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eddie L Myers
- School of Chemistry , NUI Galway , University Road , Galway , Ireland
| | | | - Ronald T Raines
- Department of Chemistry , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
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42
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Agirre M, Arrieta A, Arrastia I, Cossío FP. Organocatalysts Derived from Unnatural α-Amino Acids: Scope and Applications. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:44-66. [PMID: 30300971 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201801296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The organocatalytic properties of unnatural α-amino acids are reviewed. Post-translational derivatives of natural α-amino acids include 4-hydroxy-l-proline and 4-amino-l-proline scaffolds, and also proline homologues. The activity of synthetic unnatural α-amino acid-based organocatalysts, such as β-alkyl alanines, alanine-based phosphines, and tert-leucine derivatives, are reviewed herein. The organocatalytic properties of unnatural monocyclic, bicyclic, and tricyclic proline derivatives are also reviewed. Several families of these organocatalysts permit the efficient and stereoselective synthesis of complex natural products. Most of the reviewed organocatalysts accelerate the reported reactions through covalent interactions that raise the HOMO (enamine intermediates) or lower the LUMO (iminium intermediates).
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Affiliation(s)
- Maddalen Agirre
- Department of Organic Chemistry I and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea UPV/EHU, Manuel Lardizabal Ibilbidea 3, 20018, Donostia/San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Ana Arrieta
- Department of Organic Chemistry I and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea UPV/EHU, Manuel Lardizabal Ibilbidea 3, 20018, Donostia/San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Iosune Arrastia
- Donostia International Physics Center DIPC, Manuel Lardizabal Ibilbidea 4, 20018, Donostia/San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Fernando P Cossío
- Department of Organic Chemistry I and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea UPV/EHU, Manuel Lardizabal Ibilbidea 3, 20018, Donostia/San Sebastián, Spain.,Donostia International Physics Center DIPC, Manuel Lardizabal Ibilbidea 4, 20018, Donostia/San Sebastián, Spain
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Nagy S, Dargó G, Kisszékelyi P, Fehér Z, Simon A, Barabás J, Höltzl T, Mátravölgyi B, Kárpáti L, Drahos L, Huszthy P, Kupai J. New enantiopure binaphthyl-cinchona thiosquaramides: synthesis and application for enantioselective organocatalysis. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj06451b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Binaphthyl-cinchona squaramide and thiosquaramide were applied as organocatalysts in three types of asymmetric reactions with excellent yields and enantioselectivities.
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44
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Hughes DL. Biocatalysis in Drug Development—Highlights of the Recent Patent Literature. Org Process Res Dev 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.8b00232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David L. Hughes
- Cidara Therapeutics, Inc., 6310 Nancy Ridge Drive, Suite 101, San Diego, California 92121, United States
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