Behnia A, Fard MA, Blacquiere JM, Puddephatt RJ. Mild and selective Pd-Ar protonolysis and C-H activation promoted by a ligand aryloxide group.
Dalton Trans 2018;
47:3538-3548. [PMID:
29435552 DOI:
10.1039/c8dt00437d]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A bidentate nitrogen-donor ligand with an appended phenol group, C5H4NCH[double bond, length as m-dash]N-2-C6H4OH, H(L1) was treated with a palladium cycloneophyl complex [Pd(CH2CMe2C6H4)(COD)], with both Pd-aryl and Pd-alkyl bonds, to give a Pd-alkyl complex, [Pd(CH2CMe2C6H5)(κ3-N,N',O-OC6H4N[double bond, length as m-dash]CH(2-C5H4N))], 1. The cleavage of the Pd-aryl bond and the deprotonation of the ligand phenol to afford a bound aryloxide, indicates facile Pd-aryl bond protonolysis. Deuterium labelling experiments confirmed that the ligand phenol promotes protonolysis and that the reverse, aryl C-H activation, occurs under very mild reaction conditions (within 10 min at room temperature). An unusual isomerization of the Pd-alkyl complex 1 to a Pd-aryl complex, [Pd(C6H4(2-t-Bu))(κ3-N,N',O-OC6H4N[double bond, length as m-dash]CH(2-C5H4N))], 2, was observed to give an equilibrium with [2]/[1] = 9 after 5 days in methanol. The isomerization requires that both aryl C-H activation and Pd-alkyl protonolysis steps occur. The very large KIE value (kH/kD = ca. 40) for isomerization of 1 to 2, suggests a concerted SE2-type mechanism for the Pd-alkyl protonolysis step.
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