1
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Li J, Wang XF, Hu C, Liu LL. Carbene-Stabilized Phosphagermylenylidene: A Heavier Analog of Isonitrile. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:14341-14348. [PMID: 38726476 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c04434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Phosphagermylenylidenes (R-P═Ge), as heavier analogs of isonitriles, whether in their free state or as complexes with a Lewis base, have not been previously identified as isolable entities. In this study, we report the synthesis of a stable monomeric phosphagermylenylidene within the coordination sphere of a Lewis base under ambient conditions. This species was synthesized by Lewis base-induced dedimerization of a cyclic phosphagermylenylidene dimer or via Me3SiCl elimination from a phosphinochlorogermylene framework. The deliberate integration of a bulky, electropositive N-heterocyclic boryl group at the phosphorus site, combined with coordination stabilization by a cyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbene at the low-valent germanium site, effectively mitigated its natural tendency toward oligomerization. Structural analyses and theoretical calculations have demonstrated that this unprecedented species features a P═Ge double bond, characterized by conventional electron-sharing π and σ bonds, complemented by lone pairs at both the phosphorus and germanium atoms. Preliminary reactivity studies show that this base-stabilized phosphagermylenylidene demonstrates facile release of ligands at the Ge atom, coordination to silver through the lone pair on P, and versatile reactivity including both (cyclo)addition and cleavage of the P═Ge double bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiancheng Li
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center for Chemical Biology and Omics Analysis, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xin-Feng Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center for Chemical Biology and Omics Analysis, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Chaopeng Hu
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center for Chemical Biology and Omics Analysis, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Liu Leo Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center for Chemical Biology and Omics Analysis, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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2
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Huang S, Wu Y, Huang L, Hu C, Yan X. Synthesis, Characterization and Photophysical Properties of Mesoionic N-Heterocyclic Imines. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200281. [PMID: 35502454 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
N -heterocyclic imines are widely used in transition-metal chemistry, main-group chemistry as well as catalysis, due to their enhanced basicity and nucleophilicity which benefit from their ylidic form. As their analogs, mesoionic N -heterocyclic imines, which feature more highly ylidic form, is still in its infancy though excellent works also achieved. Here we reported the synthesis, characterization and photophysical properties of mesoionic N -heterocyclic imines. TD-DFT are employed to get deeper insight into the mechanism of the photophysical behaviors. The unsubstituted mesoionic N-heterocyclic imines ( 1-3 ) displayed considerable quantum yields (QY: up to 43.8%) and could be potentially applied as luminescent materials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yixin Wu
- Renmin University of China, Chemistry, CHINA
| | | | - Chubin Hu
- Renmin University of China, Chemistry, CHINA
| | - Xiaoyu Yan
- Renmin University of China, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China, 100872, Beijing, CHINA
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3
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Hu C, Huang S, Zhang Z, Yao H, Wu Y, Huang L, Yan X. Experimental and Computational Study on Photophysical Properties of Mesoionic Chalcogenones. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:4165-4170. [PMID: 34729937 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202101157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
N-Heterocyclic carbene adducts with main group elements (NHC=E) have aroused great interest and have been widely investigated in coordination chemistry. Among them, N-heterocyclic carbene adducts with chalcogens (NHC=Ch) have been known for a long time. Their investigations mostly focused on synthesis, coordination chemistry and electrochemistry. Their photophysical properties still remain unexplored. In this work, the photophysical properties of mesoionic carbene adducts with sulfur and selenium have been investigated both in solution and solid state. These compounds showed blue fluorescence in dichloromethane. While in solid state, orange to red room-temperature phosphorescence can be observed, and dual emission was found in mesoionic thiones. Furthermore, time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations were used to obtain insights into the luminescent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chubin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, P. R. China
| | - Shiqing Huang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, P. R. China
| | - Zengyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, P. R. China
| | - Haidan Yao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, P. R. China
| | - Yixin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, P. R. China
| | - Linwei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Yan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics, Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, P. R. China
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4
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Trevisan G, Vitali V, Tubaro C, Graiff C, Marchenko A, Koidan G, Hurieva AN, Kostyuk A, Mauceri M, Rizzolio F, Accorsi G, Biffis A. Dinuclear gold(I) complexes with N-phosphanyl, N-heterocyclic carbene ligands: synthetic strategies, luminescence properties and anticancer activity. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:13554-13560. [PMID: 34505859 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02444b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A small library of dinuclear gold(I) complexes with the title ligands has been prepared, encompassing neutral, mono- and dicationic complexes. The luminescence properties of the complexes in the solid state have been evaluated, and it turns out that neutral and monocationic complexes not presenting a rigid metallamacrocyclic structure can exhibit rather strong emissions that extend towards the red region of the visible spectrum. The in vitro anticancer activity of the complexes has been also preliminarly evaluated; cytotoxicity seems to correlate with complex lipophilicity, whereas selectivity towards cancer cells can be apparently enhanced upon a judicious choice of the ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianmarco Trevisan
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy. .,CIRCC-Consorzio Interuniversitario per le Reattività Chimiche e la Catalisi, Università di Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Valentina Vitali
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy. .,CIRCC-Consorzio Interuniversitario per le Reattività Chimiche e la Catalisi, Università di Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Cristina Tubaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy. .,CIRCC-Consorzio Interuniversitario per le Reattività Chimiche e la Catalisi, Università di Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Claudia Graiff
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Anatoliy Marchenko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Murmanska 5, Kyiv-94, 02660, Ukraine
| | - Georgyi Koidan
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Murmanska 5, Kyiv-94, 02660, Ukraine
| | - Anastasiia N Hurieva
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Murmanska 5, Kyiv-94, 02660, Ukraine
| | - Aleksandr Kostyuk
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Murmanska 5, Kyiv-94, 02660, Ukraine
| | - Matteo Mauceri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Ca' Foscari, Campus Scientifico Via Torino 155, 30174 Venezia-Mestre, Italy
| | - Flavio Rizzolio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Ca' Foscari, Campus Scientifico Via Torino 155, 30174 Venezia-Mestre, Italy.,Pathology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Aviano 33081, Italy
| | - Gianluca Accorsi
- CNR NANOTEC, Institute of Nanotechnology, c/o Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Andrea Biffis
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy. .,CIRCC-Consorzio Interuniversitario per le Reattività Chimiche e la Catalisi, Università di Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
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5
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Ang ZZ, Laxmi S, León F, Kooij JEM, García F, England J. Mechanochemical Synthesis of Tripodal Tris[4-(1,2,3-triazol-5-ylidene)methyl]amine Mesoionic Carbene Ligands and Their Complexation with Silver(I). Inorg Chem 2021; 60:3556-3564. [PMID: 33629844 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The conjugate acids of 1,2,3-triazolylidene mesoionic carbenes can be prepared in a straightforward fashion by alkylation of 1-substituted 1,2,3-triazoles. However, this becomes a much more challenging proposition when other nucleophilic centers are present, which has curtailed the development of ligands containing multiple 1,2,3-triazolylidene donors. Herein, methylation of a series of tris[(1-aryl-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methyl]amines possessing both electron-rich and electron-deficient aromatic substituents, using Me3OBF4, is shown to proceed with much higher chemoselectivity under mechanochemical conditions than when conducted in solution. This provides a means to reliably access a series of tricationic tris[4-(1,2,3-triazolium)methyl]amines in good yields. DFT calculations suggest that a potential reason for this change in regioselectivity is the difference between the background dielectric of the DCM solution versus the solid state, which is predicted to have a large effect on the relative thermodynamic driving force for alkylation of the tertiary amine center versus the triazole rings. Homoleptic silver complexes of the triazolylidene ligands derived therefrom, of formulas [Ag3(1a-d)2](X)3 (X- = BF4-, TfO-), have been isolated and fully characterized. In the case of the ligand bearing the smallest aryl substituents, 1b, argentophilic interactions yield a triangular Ag3 core. The [Ag3(1a-d)2](X)3 silver salts are viable agents for transmetalation to other transition metals, demonstrated here for cobalt. In the case of 1a, the complex [CoII(1a)(NCMe)](OTf)2 was obtained. Therein, the bulky mesityl substituents enforce a tetrahedral geometry, in which only the triazolylidene donors of 1a coordinate (i.e., it acts as a tridentate ligand). Transmetalation of the less sterically encumbered ligand 1b yields six-coordinate cobalt(III) complexes, [CoIII(1b)(Cl)(NCMe)](OTf)2 and [CoIII(1b)(NCMe)2](OTf)3, in which the ligand coordinates in a tetradentate fashion. These are the first examples of tris(1,2,3-triazolylidene) ligands containing an additional coordinating heteroatom and, more generally, of tetradentate 1,2,3-triazolylidene ligands. Crucially, we believe that the divergent chemoselectivity under mechanochemical conditions (vs conventional solution-based chemistry) demonstrated herein offers a pathway by which other challenging synthetic targets, including further multidentate carbene ligands, can be prepared in superior yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Zhong Ang
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371
| | - Shoba Laxmi
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371
| | - Félix León
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371
| | - Josephine E M Kooij
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371
| | - Felipe García
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371
| | - Jason England
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371
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6
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Huang S, Wang Y, Hu C, Yan X. Computational study of 1,2,3-triazol-5-ylidenes with p-block element substituents. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj00050k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
1,2,3-Triazol-5-ylidenes with p-block element substituents have been investigated by DFT calculations, which show tunable electronic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqing Huang
- Department of Chemistry
- Renmin University of China
- Beijing 100872
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yedong Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- Renmin University of China
- Beijing 100872
- People's Republic of China
| | - Chubin Hu
- Department of Chemistry
- Renmin University of China
- Beijing 100872
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Yan
- Department of Chemistry
- Renmin University of China
- Beijing 100872
- People's Republic of China
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7
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Cao L, Huang S, Liu W, Zhao H, Xiong X, Zhang J, Fu L, Yan X. Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence from d 10 -Metal Carbene Complexes through Intermolecular Charge Transfer and Multicolor Emission with a Monomer-Dimer Equilibrium. Chemistry 2020; 26:17222-17229. [PMID: 33006821 PMCID: PMC7839463 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202004106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A series of two-coordinate AuI and CuI complexes (3 a, 3 b and 5 a, 5 b) are reported as new organometallic thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters, which are based on the carbene-metal-carbazole model with a pyridine-fused 1,2,3-triazolylidene (PyTz) ligand. PyTz features low steric hindrance and a low-energy LUMO (LUMO=-1.47 eV) located over the π* orbitals of the whole ligand, which facilitates intermolecular charge transfer between a donor (carbazole) and an accepter (PyTz). These compounds exhibit efficient TADF with microsecond lifetimes. Temperature-dependent photoluminescence kinetics of 3 a supports a rather small energy gap between S1 and T1 (ΔES 1 - T 1 =60 meV). Further experiments reveal that there are dual-emission properties from a monomer-dimer equilibrium in solution, exhibiting single-component multicolor emission from blue to orange, including white-light emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Cao
- Department of ChemistryRenmin University of ChinaBeijing100872P.R. China
| | - Shiqing Huang
- Department of ChemistryRenmin University of ChinaBeijing100872P.R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of ChemistryRenmin University of ChinaBeijing100872P.R. China
| | - Hongyan Zhao
- Department of ChemistryRenmin University of ChinaBeijing100872P.R. China
| | - Xiao‐Gen Xiong
- Sino-French Institute for Nuclear Energy and TechnologySun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou510275P.R. China
| | - Jian‐Ping Zhang
- Department of ChemistryRenmin University of ChinaBeijing100872P.R. China
| | - Li‐Min Fu
- Department of ChemistryRenmin University of ChinaBeijing100872P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Yan
- Department of ChemistryRenmin University of ChinaBeijing100872P.R. China
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8
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Bayardon J, Rousselle B, Rousselin Y, Bonnin Q, Malacea-Kabbara R. P-Chirogenic Triazole-Based Phosphine: Synthesis, Coordination Chemistry, and Asymmetric Catalysis. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Bayardon
- ICMUB-OCS (UMR-CNRS 6302); Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne-Franche-Comté; 19 avenue A. Savary BP 47870 21078 Dijon CEDEX France
| | - Benjamin Rousselle
- ICMUB-OCS (UMR-CNRS 6302); Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne-Franche-Comté; 19 avenue A. Savary BP 47870 21078 Dijon CEDEX France
| | - Yoann Rousselin
- ICMUB-OCS (UMR-CNRS 6302); Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne-Franche-Comté; 19 avenue A. Savary BP 47870 21078 Dijon CEDEX France
| | - Quentin Bonnin
- ICMUB-OCS (UMR-CNRS 6302); Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne-Franche-Comté; 19 avenue A. Savary BP 47870 21078 Dijon CEDEX France
| | - Raluca Malacea-Kabbara
- ICMUB-OCS (UMR-CNRS 6302); Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne-Franche-Comté; 19 avenue A. Savary BP 47870 21078 Dijon CEDEX France
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9
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Evans KJ, Mansell SM. Functionalised N-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands in Bimetallic Architectures. Chemistry 2020; 26:5927-5941. [PMID: 31981386 PMCID: PMC7317719 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
N-Heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) have become immensely successful ligands in coordination chemistry and homogeneous catalysis due to their strong terminal σ-donor properties. However, by targeting NHC ligands with additional functionalisation, a new area of NHC coordination chemistry has developed that has enabled NHCs to be used to build up bimetallic and multimetallic architectures. This minireview covers the development of functionalised NHC ligands that incorporate additional donor sites in order to coordinate two or more metal atoms. This can be through the N-atom of the NHC ring, through a donor group attached to the N-atom or the carbon backbone, coordination of the π-bond or an annulated π-donor on the backbone, or through direct metalation of the backbone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kieren J. Evans
- Institute of Chemical SciencesHeriot-Watt UniversityEdinburghEH14 4ASUK
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10
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Liu W, Cao L, Zhang Z, Zhang G, Huang S, Huang L, Zhao P, Yan X. Mesoionic Carbene–Iridium Complex Catalyzed Ortho-Selective Hydrogen Isotope Exchange of Anilines with High Functional Group Tolerance. Org Lett 2020; 22:2210-2214. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Cao
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zengyu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shiqing Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, People’s Republic of China
| | - Linwei Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Yan
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, People’s Republic of China
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11
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Raju S, Singh HB, Butcher RJ. Metallophilic interactions: observations of the shortest metallophilicinteractions between closed shell (d10⋯d10, d10⋯d8, d8⋯d8) metal ions [M⋯M′ M = Hg(ii) and Pd(ii) and M′ = Cu(i), Ag(i), Au(i), and Pd(ii)]. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:9099-9117. [PMID: 32573621 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt01008a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The salt metathesis reaction of two equivalents of 8-lithioquinoline (C6H6NLi) with HgBr2 afforded bis(quinoline-8-yl)mercury, [(C6H6N)2Hg].
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Affiliation(s)
- Saravanan Raju
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
- Mumbai 400076
- India
| | - Harkesh B. Singh
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
- Mumbai 400076
- India
| | - Ray J. Butcher
- Department of Chemistry
- Howard University
- Washington DC 20059
- USA
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12
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Liu W, Zhao LL, Melaimi M, Cao L, Xu X, Bouffard J, Bertrand G, Yan X. Mesoionic Carbene (MIC)-Catalyzed H/D Exchange at Formyl Groups. Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2019.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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13
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Zhang S, Shang R, Nakamoto M, Yamamoto Y, Adachi Y, Ohshita J. Luminescent Di- and Tetranuclear Gold Complexes of Bis(diphenylphosphinyl)-Functionalized Dipyrido-Annulated N-Heterocyclic Carbene. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:6328-6335. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b00514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sihan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 7398526, Japan
| | - Rong Shang
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 7398526, Japan
| | - Masaaki Nakamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 7398526, Japan
| | - Yohsuke Yamamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 7398526, Japan
| | - Yohei Adachi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 7398527, Japan
| | - Joji Ohshita
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 7398527, Japan
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14
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Zhang S, Shang R, Nakamoto M, Yamamoto Y, Adachi Y, Ohshita J. Bis(diphenylphosphinyl)-functionalized dipyrido-annulated NHC towards copper(i) and silver(i). Dalton Trans 2019; 48:12250-12256. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt02435b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Sterically rigid bis(phosphinyl)dipyrido-annulated NHC coordinates with Ag(i) and Cu(i) centres to form luminescent multinuclear complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Hiroshima University
- Higashi-Hiroshima
- Japan
| | - Rong Shang
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Hiroshima University
- Higashi-Hiroshima
- Japan
| | - Masaaki Nakamoto
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Hiroshima University
- Higashi-Hiroshima
- Japan
| | - Yohsuke Yamamoto
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Hiroshima University
- Higashi-Hiroshima
- Japan
| | - Yohei Adachi
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Hiroshima University
- Higashi-Hiroshima
- Japan
| | - Joji Ohshita
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Hiroshima University
- Higashi-Hiroshima
- Japan
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15
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Xu X, Zhang Z, Huang S, Cao L, Liu W, Yan X. 4-Halo-1,2,3-triazolylidenes: stable carbenes featuring halogen bonding. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:6931-6941. [PMID: 31038514 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt01018a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis and coordination of 4-halo-1,2,3-triazolylidenes have been developed. These novel ligands featured the character with σ-donation at carbon and a σ-hole at the halogen. Halogen bonding was observed by single crystal X-ray diffraction in their coinage metal complexes. The electronic properties of 4-iodo-1,2,3-triazolylidene were studied by both Ir-CO frequencies of the Tolman electronic parameter (TEP) and Huynh's electronic parameter (HEP) method, which suggested similar electronic properties to those of imidazolylidenes. During HEP tests, an interesting tunability was observed when different electron donors were employed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, People's Republic of China.
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Seifert TP, Bestgen S, Feuerstein TJ, Lebedkin S, Krämer F, Fengler C, Gamer MT, Kappes MM, Roesky PW. Phosphine-substituted 1,2,3-triazoles as P,C- and P,N-ligands for photoluminescent coinage metal complexes. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:15427-15434. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt01239g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A series of homo- and hetero-polynuclear coinage metal complexes based on a phosphine-substituted 1,2,3-triazole system was synthesized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim P. Seifert
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- 76131 Karlsruhe
- Germany
| | - Sebastian Bestgen
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- 76131 Karlsruhe
- Germany
| | - Thomas J. Feuerstein
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- 76131 Karlsruhe
- Germany
| | - Sergei Lebedkin
- Institute of Nanotechnology
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen
- Germany
| | - Felix Krämer
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- 76131 Karlsruhe
- Germany
| | - Christian Fengler
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- 76131 Karlsruhe
- Germany
| | - Michael T. Gamer
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- 76131 Karlsruhe
- Germany
| | - Manfred M. Kappes
- Institute of Nanotechnology
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen
- Germany
- Institute for Physical Chemistry
| | - Peter W. Roesky
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- 76131 Karlsruhe
- Germany
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17
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Guisado-Barrios G, Soleilhavoup M, Bertrand G. 1 H-1,2,3-Triazol-5-ylidenes: Readily Available Mesoionic Carbenes. Acc Chem Res 2018; 51:3236-3244. [PMID: 30417642 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.8b00480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Classical carbenes are usually described as neutral compounds featuring a divalent carbon with only six electrons in their valence shell. It was only in 1988 that our group prepared the first isolable example, in which the carbene center was stabilized by a push-pull effect, using a phosphino and a silyl substituent. In the last 30 years, a myriad of acyclic and cyclic push-pull and push-push carbenes, bearing different heteroatom substituents, have been isolated. Among them, the so-called N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs), which include cyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbenes (CAACs), are arguably the most popular. They have found a vast number of applications ranging from catalysis to material science, and even in medicine. In this Account, we focus on the synthesis, structure, electronic properties, coordination, and applications of a different class of stable cyclic carbenes, namely, 1 H-1,2,3-triazol-5-ylidenes. In contrast with NHCs and CAACs, these compounds have no reasonable canonical resonance forms that can be drawn showing a carbene without additional charges. According to the IUPAC, they belong to the family of mesoionic compounds and thus they are named mesoionic carbenes (MICs). In 2010, we prepared the first stable 1,2,3-triazol-5-ylidene, via a CuAAC reaction, followed by alkylation of the resulting 1,2,3-triazole, and deprotonation. Later, we synthesized more robust N3-arylated counterparts from 1,3-diarylated-1 H-1,2,3-triazolium salts. Both synthetic routes can be carried out in multigram scales, making these MICS readily available. Importantly, MICs do not dimerize which contrasts with NHCs that can give the corresponding Wanzlick-type olefin. This property leads to relaxed steric requirements for their isolation; even C-unsubstituted MICs can be stored for months in the solid state at room temperature. The practicality and easily scalable syntheses of MICs allow for the preparation of polycarbenes, such as bis(1,2,3-triazol-5-ylidenes) (i-bitz), the analogues of the well-known 2,2'-bipyridines (bpy). MIC-transition metal complexes are excellent precatalysts for variety of chemical transformations, which include hydrohydrazination of alkynes, olefin metathesis, reductive formylation of amines with carbon dioxide and diphenylsilane, hydrogenation and dehydrogenation of N-heteroarenes in water, cycloisomerization of enynes, asymmetric Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling, and water oxidation (WO) reactions. Besides their catalytic applications, MIC-transition metal complexes have found applications in material sciences as exemplified by the preparation of the first iron(III) complex that is luminescent at room temperature. The peculiar properties of mesoionic triazolylidenes, combined with their enhanced stability, position them as excellent candidates to address some current challenges such as access to high-oxidation-state 3d metal complexes, the stabilization of highly reactive main group elements, the stabilization of nanoparticles, the preparation of efficient catalysts and photosensitizers based on earth-abundant transition metals, and the functionalization of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on gold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregorio Guisado-Barrios
- Institute of Advance Materials (INAM), Universitat Jaume I, Avenida Vicente Sos Baynat s/n, 12071 Castellon, Spain
| | - Michèle Soleilhavoup
- UCSD-CNRS Joint Research Laboratory (UMI 3555), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0343, United states
| | - Guy Bertrand
- UCSD-CNRS Joint Research Laboratory (UMI 3555), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0343, United states
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18
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Zhao Y, van Nguyen H, Male L, Craven P, Buckley BR, Fossey JS. Phosphino-Triazole Ligands for Palladium-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling. Organometallics 2018; 37:4224-4241. [PMID: 30524158 PMCID: PMC6265957 DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Twelve 1,5-disubtituted and fourteen 5-substituted 1,2,3-triazole derivatives bearing diaryl or dialkyl phosphines at the 5-position were synthesized and used as ligands for palladium-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions. Bulky substrates were tested, and lead-like product formation was demonstrated. The online tool SambVca2.0 was used to assess steric parameters of ligands and preliminary buried volume determination using XRD-obtained data in a small number of cases proved to be informative. Two modeling approaches were compared for the determination of the buried volume of ligands where XRD data was not available. An approach with imposed steric restrictions was found to be superior in leading to buried volume determinations that closely correlate with observed reaction conversions. The online tool LLAMA was used to determine lead-likeness of potential Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling products, from which 10 of the most lead-like were successfully synthesized. Thus, confirming these readily accessible triazole-containing phosphines as highly suitable ligands for reaction screening and optimization in drug discovery campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Zhao
- School of Chemistry and X-ray Crystallography Facility, School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Huy van Nguyen
- School of Chemistry and X-ray Crystallography Facility, School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Louise Male
- School of Chemistry and X-ray Crystallography Facility, School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Philip Craven
- School of Chemistry and X-ray Crystallography Facility, School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin R Buckley
- Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, United Kingdom
| | - John S Fossey
- School of Chemistry and X-ray Crystallography Facility, School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2TT, United Kingdom
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19
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Xu X, Li L, Zhang Z, Yan X. Nucleophilic substitution of 4-bromomethyltriazolium with different nucleophiles. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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20
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Li L, Cao L, Yan X. Synthesis and Characterization of Palladium(II) CNC Pincer Complexes with Novel Bis(1,2,3-triazolylidene)amine Ligands. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201802645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Linfeng Li
- Department of Chemistry; Renmin University of China; Beijing 100872 People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Cao
- Department of Chemistry; Renmin University of China; Beijing 100872 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Yan
- Department of Chemistry; Renmin University of China; Beijing 100872 People's Republic of China
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