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Mills LR, Di Mare F, Gygi D, Lee H, Simmons EM, Kim J, Wisniewski SR, Chirik PJ. Phenoxythiazoline (FTz)-Cobalt(II) Precatalysts Enable C(sp 2 )-C(sp 3 ) Bond-Formation for Key Intermediates in the Synthesis of Toll-like Receptor 7/8 Antagonists. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023:e202313848. [PMID: 37917119 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202313848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Evaluation of the relative rates of the cobalt-catalyzed C(sp2 )-C(sp3 ) Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling between the neopentylglycol ester of 4-fluorophenylboronic acid and N-Boc-4-bromopiperidine established that smaller N-alkyl substituents on the phenoxyimine (FI) supporting ligand accelerated the overall rate of the reaction. This trend inspired the design of optimal cobalt catalysts with phenoxyoxazoline (FOx) and phenoxythiazoline (FTz) ligands. An air-stable cobalt(II) precatalyst, (FTz)CoBr(py)3 was synthesized and applied to the cross-coupling of an indole-5-boronic ester nucleophile with a piperidine-4-bromide electrophile that is relevant to the synthesis of reported toll-like receptor (TLR) 7/8 antagonist molecules including afimetoran. Addition of excess KOMe⋅B(Oi Pr)3 improved catalyst lifetime due to attenuation of alkoxide basicity that otherwise resulted in demetallation of the FI chelate. A first-order dependence on the cobalt precatalyst and a saturation regime in nucleophile were observed, supporting turnover-limiting transmetalation and the origin of the observed trends in N-imine substitution.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Reginald Mills
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Francesca Di Mare
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - David Gygi
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA
| | - Heejun Lee
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA
| | - Eric M Simmons
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA
| | - Junho Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Steven R Wisniewski
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA
| | - Paul J Chirik
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
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Chen X, Wang H, Du S, Driess M, Mo Z. Deoxygenation of Nitrous Oxide and Nitro Compounds Using Bis(N‐Heterocyclic Silylene)Amido Iron Complexes as Catalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202114598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Shaozhi Du
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Matthias Driess
- Department of Chemistry Technische Universität Berlin Metalorganics and Inorganic Materials, Sekr. C2 Strasse des 17. Juni 135 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Zhenbo Mo
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
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Osakada K, Nishihara Y. Transmetalation of boronic acids and their derivatives: mechanistic elucidation and relevance to catalysis. Dalton Trans 2021; 51:777-796. [PMID: 34951434 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02986j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The Suzuki-Miyaura reaction (the cross-coupling reaction of boronic acids with organic halides catalysed by Pd complexes) has been recognised as a useful synthetic organic reaction that forms a C(sp2)-C(sp2) bond. The catalytic cycle of the reaction involves the transmetalation of aryl- and alkenylboronic acids with Pd(II) complexes. It migrates the aryl and alkenyl groups of boronic acid to Pd and produces a Pd-C bond. Many studies have investigated the mechanism of transmetalation. They elucidated the mechanism of the organometallic reaction and its role as a fundamental step in catalytic reactions. This perspective reviews studies on the transmetalation of aryl- and alkenylboronic acids with Pd(II) complexes. Emphasis was laid on the structures and chemical properties of the intermediate Pd complexes and the effects of OH- on the pathways of the catalytic Suzuki-Miyaura reaction. The reactions of arylboronic acids with Rh(I)-OH complexes were investigated, which are relevant to the mechanism of Rh-catalysed addition of aryl boronic acids to enones and aldehydes. Recent studies on the transmetalation of boronic acids with other late transition metals such as Fe(II), Co(I), Pt(II), Au(III), and Au(I) are presented with the related catalytic reactions and their utilisation in the synthesis of aromatic molecules and π-conjugated materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohtaro Osakada
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagastuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan. .,National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba 305-8565, Japan
| | - Yasushi Nishihara
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.
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Chen X, Wang H, Du S, Driess M, Mo Z. Deoxygenation of Nitrous Oxide and Nitro Compounds Using Bis(N-Heterocyclic Silylene)Amido Iron Complexes as Catalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202114598. [PMID: 34766416 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202114598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report the efficient degradation of N2 O with a well-defined bis(silylene)amido iron complex as catalyst. The deoxygenation of N2 O using the iron silanone complex 4 as a catalyst and pinacolborane (HBpin) as a sacrificial reagent proceeds smoothly at 50 °C to form N2 , H2 , and (pinB)2 O. Mechanistic studies suggest that the iron-silicon cooperativity is the key to this catalytic transformation, which involves N2 O activation, H atom transfer, H2 release and oxygenation of the boron sites. This approach has been further developed to enable catalytic reductions of nitro compounds, producing amino-boranes with good functional-group tolerance and excellent chemoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Shaozhi Du
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Matthias Driess
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, Metalorganics and Inorganic Materials, Sekr. C2, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Zhenbo Mo
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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Rummelt SM, Peterson PO, Zhong H, Chirik PJ. Oxidative Addition of Aryl and Alkyl Halides to a Reduced Iron Pincer Complex. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:5928-5936. [PMID: 33829769 PMCID: PMC8293301 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c01486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The two-electron oxidative addition of aryl and alkyl halides to a reduced iron dinitrogen complex with a strong-field tridentate pincer ligand has been demonstrated. Addition of iodobenzene or bromobenzene to (3,5-Me2MesCNC)Fe(N2)2 (3,5-Me2MesCNC = 2,6-(2,4,6-Me-C6H2-imidazol-2-ylidene)2-3,5-Me2-pyridine) resulted in rapid oxidative addition and formation of the diamagnetic, octahedral Fe(II) products (3,5-Me2MesCNC)Fe(Ph)(N2)(X), where X = I or Br. Competition experiments established the relative rate of oxidative addition of aryl halides as I > Br > Cl. A linear free energy of relative reaction rates of electronically differentiated aryl bromides (ρ = 1.5) was consistent with a concerted-type pathway. The oxidative addition of alkyl halides such as methyl-, isobutyl-, or neopentyl halides was also rapid at room temperature, but substrates with more accessible β-hydrogen positions (e.g., 1-bromobutane) underwent subsequent β-hydride elimination. Cyclization of an alkyl halide containing a radical clock and epimerization of neohexyl iodide-d2 upon oxidative addition to (3,5-Me2MesCNC)Fe(N2)2 are consistent with radical intermediates during C(sp3)-X bond cleavage. Importantly, while C(sp2)-X and C(sp3)-X oxidative addition produces net two-electron chemistry, the preferred pathway for obtaining the products is concerted and stepwise, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul O. Peterson
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Hongyu Zhong
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Paul J. Chirik
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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Nishihara Y, Nishide Y, Osakada K. Synthesis and reactivity of boryloxorhodium complexes. Relevance to intermolecular transmetalation from boron to rhodium in Rh-catalyzed reactions. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:3610-3615. [PMID: 33624681 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt00440a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of a dimeric boryloxorhodium complex having the Rh-O-Bpin scaffold from the reaction of [(cod)Rh(OMe)]2 or [(cod)Rh(OH)]2 with an arylboronate has been achieved. The obtained dirhodium complex is converted into mononuclear complex [(cod)Rh(OBpin)(PPh3)], which reacts with arylboronic acid to afford the complex with an Rh-aryl bond via transmetalation from boron to rhodium. The dimeric boryloxorhodium complex catalyzes the 1,4-addition of arylboronic acid to cyclohexene-2-one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasushi Nishihara
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan.
| | - Yasuhiro Nishide
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan.
| | - Kohtaro Osakada
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan.
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Wang Y, Lin X, Zhang P, Shen M, Xu H, Xu D. Design and Synthesis of Pyridine and 1,3,5-Triazine PNP Pincer Ligands and Their Application in Cobalt Catalyzed Semihydrogenation of Terminal Alkynes. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202102050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Corpas J, Viereck P, Chirik PJ. C(sp2)–H Activation with Pyridine Dicarbene Iron Dialkyl Complexes: Hydrogen Isotope Exchange of Arenes Using Benzene-d6 as a Deuterium Source. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c01714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Corpas
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Calle Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Peter Viereck
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Paul J. Chirik
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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