1
|
Jansen-van Vuuren RD, Liu S, Miah MAJ, Cerkovnik J, Košmrlj J, Snieckus V. The Versatile and Strategic O-Carbamate Directed Metalation Group in the Synthesis of Aromatic Molecules: An Update. Chem Rev 2024; 124:7731-7828. [PMID: 38864673 PMCID: PMC11212060 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
The aryl O-carbamate (ArOAm) group is among the strongest of the directed metalation groups (DMGs) in directed ortho metalation (DoM) chemistry, especially in the form Ar-OCONEt2. Since the last comprehensive review of metalation chemistry involving ArOAms (published more than 30 years ago), the field has expanded significantly. For example, it now encompasses new substrates, solvent systems, and metalating agents, while conditions have been developed enabling metalation of ArOAm to be conducted in a green and sustainable manner. The ArOAm group has also proven to be effective in the anionic ortho-Fries (AoF) rearrangement, Directed remote metalation (DreM), iterative DoM sequences, and DoM-halogen dance (HalD) synthetic strategies and has been transformed into a diverse range of functionalities and coupled with various groups through a range of cross-coupling (CC) strategies. Of ultimate value, the ArOAm group has demonstrated utility in the synthesis of a diverse range of bioactive and polycyclic aromatic compounds for various applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ross D. Jansen-van Vuuren
- Department
of Chemistry, Queen’s University, Chernoff Hall, 9 Bader Lane, Kingston, Ontario K7K 2N1, Canada
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University
of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Susana Liu
- Department
of Chemistry, Queen’s University, Chernoff Hall, 9 Bader Lane, Kingston, Ontario K7K 2N1, Canada
| | - M. A. Jalil Miah
- Department
of Chemistry, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh
| | - Janez Cerkovnik
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University
of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Janez Košmrlj
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University
of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Victor Snieckus
- Department
of Chemistry, Queen’s University, Chernoff Hall, 9 Bader Lane, Kingston, Ontario K7K 2N1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Oeser P, Tobrman T. Organophosphates as Versatile Substrates in Organic Synthesis. Molecules 2024; 29:1593. [PMID: 38611872 PMCID: PMC11154425 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This review summarizes the applications of organophosphates in organic synthesis. After a brief introduction, it discusses cross-coupling reactions, including both transition-metal-catalyzed and transition-metal-free substitution reactions. Subsequently, oxidation and reduction reactions are described. In addition, this review highlights the applications of organophosphates in the synthesis of natural compounds, demonstrating their versatility and importance in modern synthetic chemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tomáš Tobrman
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic;
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Belmonte-Sánchez E, García-López J, Navarro Y, Iglesias MJ, Fernández I, López-Ortiz F. Crystal, Solution, and Computational Study of the Structure of Ortho-Lithium N,N-Diisopropyl-P,P-Diphenylphosphinothioic Amide. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303785. [PMID: 38134366 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
The first crystal structure of an ortho-lithium phosphinothioic amide complexed with tetramethylethylenediamine 12 is reported. The complex consists of a spirane in which the spiro-lithium is N,N- and C,S-chelated by the diamine and organophosphorus ligands, respectively. The analogous ortho anion 14 obtained by Sn(IV)/Li transmetallation in THF has also been synthesized. Nuclear magnetic resonance study of both anions showed that they exist as monomers in solution and are involved in dynamic processes including the restricted rotation around the P-N bond. 14 is converted at room temperature by nucleophilic cyclization to the dearomatized anion 15, which evolves after a few hours to the benzophosphindole sulfide 16. Density functional theory calculations supported the aggregation state in solution and were used to explore the conformational space of anion 12, the mechanism of ortho-lithiation directed by P(X)-N (X=O, S) groups, and the mechanism of formation of 15.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Belmonte-Sánchez
- Área de Química Orgánica, Centro de Investigación CIAIMBITAL, Universidad de Almería, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - Jesús García-López
- Área de Química Orgánica, Centro de Investigación CIAIMBITAL, Universidad de Almería, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - Yolanda Navarro
- Área de Química Orgánica, Centro de Investigación CIAIMBITAL, Universidad de Almería, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - María José Iglesias
- Área de Química Orgánica, Centro de Investigación CIAIMBITAL, Universidad de Almería, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - Ignacio Fernández
- Área de Química Orgánica, Centro de Investigación CIAIMBITAL, Universidad de Almería, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - Fernando López-Ortiz
- Área de Química Orgánica, Centro de Investigación CIAIMBITAL, Universidad de Almería, 04120, Almería, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Knochel P, Cole KP. Directed Ortho Metalation in 2021: A Tribute to Victor Snieckus (August 1, 1937–December 18, 2020). Org Process Res Dev 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.1c00271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Knochel
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximiians-University, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 8377 Munich, Germany
| | - Kevin P. Cole
- Synthetic Molecule Design and Development, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Affiliation(s)
- Hans‐Joachim Gais
- Institute of Organic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University Professor-Pirlet Strasse 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Volpe R, Law HYL, White JM, Flynn BL. Selective Synthesis of C1-Symmetric BINOL-phosphates and P-chiral Phosphoramides Using Directed ortho-Lithiation. Org Lett 2021; 23:7055-7058. [PMID: 34448592 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c02430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Directed ortho-lithiation (DoL) has been developed as an effective method for the ortho-substitution of BINOL-phosphoric acid and BINOL-N-triflylphosphoramide (BINOL-P-acids). It can be employed in the rapid assembly of either mono- or disubstituted BINOL-P-acids, including unsymmetrical disubstitution through iterative DoL. Most significantly, DoL has proven to be highly effective in the diastereoselective desymmetrization of pseudo-C2-symmetric BINOL-N-triflylphosphoramide, affording a chiral P-group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rohan Volpe
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Hanson Y-L Law
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Jonathan M White
- Bio21 Institute, School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Bernard L Flynn
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ananin AV, Kraus GA. Anionic Fries rearrangement of aryl carbonates. A facile route to ortho-hydroxy esters. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.152488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
8
|
Feberero C, Sedano C, Suárez-Pantiga S, López CS, Sanz R. Experimental and Computational Study of the 1,5-O → N Carbamoyl Snieckus-Fries-Type Rearrangement. J Org Chem 2020; 85:12561-12578. [PMID: 32897069 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The reactions of o-lithiated O-aryl N,N-diethylcarbamates with different C-N multiple bond electrophiles have been thoroughly studied. A 1,5-O → N carbamoyl shift, a new variation of the anionic Fries-type rearrangement, takes place when nitriles, imines, or alkylcarbodiimides are employed. In these cases, the carbamoyl group plays a dual role as a directing group, building up a variety of functional groups through the 1,5-O → N carbamoyl migration. On the other hand, the use of iso(thio)cyanates and arylcarbodiimides led to non-rearranged o-functionalized O-arylcarbamates. This reactivity was further computationally explored, and the governing factor could be traced back to the relative basicity of the alternative products (migrated vs nonmigrated substrates). This exploration also provided interesting insights about the degree of complexation of the lithium cations onto these substrates. A new access to useful 2-hydroxybenzophenone derivatives has also been developed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Feberero
- Área de Quı́mica Orgánica, Departamento de Quı́mica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Pza. Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Carlos Sedano
- Área de Quı́mica Orgánica, Departamento de Quı́mica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Pza. Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Samuel Suárez-Pantiga
- Área de Quı́mica Orgánica, Departamento de Quı́mica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Pza. Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Carlos Silva López
- Departamento de Quı́mica Orgánica and CITACA (Agri-Food Research and Transfer Cluster), Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Roberto Sanz
- Área de Quı́mica Orgánica, Departamento de Quı́mica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Pza. Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Affiliation(s)
- Kengo Inoue
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering Kobe University Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501 Japan
| | - Kentaro Okano
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering Kobe University Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sedano C, Velasco R, Feberero C, Suárez-Pantiga S, Sanz R. α-Lithiobenzyloxy as a Directed Metalation Group in ortho-Lithiation Reactions. Org Lett 2020; 22:6365-6369. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Sedano
- Área de Química Orgánica, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Pza. Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001-Burgos, Spain
| | - Rocío Velasco
- Área de Química Orgánica, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Pza. Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001-Burgos, Spain
| | - Claudia Feberero
- Área de Química Orgánica, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Pza. Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001-Burgos, Spain
| | - Samuel Suárez-Pantiga
- Área de Química Orgánica, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Pza. Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001-Burgos, Spain
| | - Roberto Sanz
- Área de Química Orgánica, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Pza. Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001-Burgos, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Patel JJ, Blackburn T, Alessi M, Sawinski H, Snieckus V. Tetraethylphosphorodiamidate-Directed Metalation Group: Directed Ortho and Remote Metalation, Cross Coupling, and Remote Phospha Anionic Fries Rearrangement Reactions. Org Lett 2020; 22:3860-3864. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jignesh J. Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Queen’s University, Kingston K7L 3N6, ON, Canada
| | - Thomas Blackburn
- Department of Chemistry, Queen’s University, Kingston K7L 3N6, ON, Canada
| | - Manlio Alessi
- Department of Chemistry, Queen’s University, Kingston K7L 3N6, ON, Canada
| | - Hannah Sawinski
- Department of Chemistry, Queen’s University, Kingston K7L 3N6, ON, Canada
| | - Victor Snieckus
- Department of Chemistry, Queen’s University, Kingston K7L 3N6, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|