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Lu Q, He Y, Chang J, Yu W. Synthesis of 2,2-difunctionalized 2 H-azirines via I 2-mediated annulation of enamines. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:2292-2299. [PMID: 38407371 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00156g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Various 2,2-difunctionalized 2H-azirines were synthesized via I2-mediated annulation reactions of readily accessible enamines in the presence of nitrogen or non-nitrogen nucleophiles. The features of the present synthesis process also include no use of transition metals, simple operation, mild reaction conditions, a broad substrate scope, and gram-scale synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Lu
- College of Chemistry, Pingyuan Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Yanmin He
- College of Chemistry, Pingyuan Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Junbiao Chang
- College of Chemistry, Pingyuan Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Wenquan Yu
- College of Chemistry, Pingyuan Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
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2
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Xuan W, Ma JA. Pinpointing Acidic Residues in Proteins. ChemMedChem 2024; 19:e202300623. [PMID: 38303683 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202300623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
It is of great importance to pinpoint specific residues or sites of a protein in biological contexts to enable desired mechanism of action for small molecules or to precisely control protein function. In this regard, acidic residues including aspartic acid (Asp) and glutamic acid (Glu) hold great potential due to their great prevalence and unique function. To unlock the largely untapped potential, great efforts have been made recently by synthetic chemists, chemical biologists and pharmacologists. Herein, we would like to highlight the remarkable progress and particularly introduce the electrophiles that exhibit reactivity to carboxylic acids, the light-induced reactivities to carboxylic acids and the genetically encoded noncanonical amino acids that allow protein manipulations at acidic residues. We also comment on certain unresolved challenges, hoping to draw more attention to this rapidly developing area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weimin Xuan
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Function and Application of Biological Macromolecular Structures, School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Jun-An Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
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3
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Manmode S, Hussain N, Marin OJG, Kato A, Veytia-Bucheli JI, Vincent SP, Gauthier C. Thioarylation of 6-Amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic Acid (IminoKdo): Access to 3,6-Disubstituted Picolinates and Mechanistic Insights. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303904. [PMID: 38116880 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we present a metal-free coupling protocol for the regio- and stereoselective C3-thioarylation of 6-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid (iminoKdo). The developed procedure enables the coupling of electron-rich, electron-deficient, and hindered arylthiols, providing a series of C3-modified iminoKdo derivatives in moderate to good yields. Elucidation of active species through controlled experimental studies and time-lapse 31 P NMR analysis provides insights into the reaction mechanism. We demonstrate that, following a tandem Staudinger/aza-Wittig reaction of an azido-containing keto ester, an inseparable equimolar mixture of imine/enamine is formed. The enamine then undergoes a Stork-like nucleophilic attack with the in situ-formed disulfide reagent, resulting in the formation of the coupling products. Additionally, we describe a rarely reported acid-promoted aromatization of the C3-thioarylated iminoKdo skeleton into 3,6-disubstituted picolinates, which are reminiscent of dichotomines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujit Manmode
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) INRS-UQAC, Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Chicoutimi & Laval, Québec, G7H 2B1, Canada
| | - Nazar Hussain
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) INRS-UQAC, Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Chicoutimi & Laval, Québec, G7H 2B1, Canada
| | - Oscar Javier Gamboa Marin
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) INRS-UQAC, Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Chicoutimi & Laval, Québec, G7H 2B1, Canada
| | - Atsushi Kato
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - José Ignacio Veytia-Bucheli
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Bio-Organic Chemistry-Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur (UNamur), Namur, 5000, Belgium
| | - Stéphane P Vincent
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Bio-Organic Chemistry-Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur (UNamur), Namur, 5000, Belgium
| | - Charles Gauthier
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) INRS-UQAC, Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Chicoutimi & Laval, Québec, G7H 2B1, Canada
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4
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Zhang Z, Li L, Xu H, Lee CLK, Jia Z, Loh TP. Silicon-Containing Thiol-Specific Bioconjugating Reagent. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:1776-1782. [PMID: 38198597 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c12050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
A new bioconjugation reagent containing silicon has been developed for the selective reaction with thiols. The inclusion of silicon significantly improves chemoselectivity and suppresses retro processes, thereby exceeding the capabilities of traditional reagents. The method is versatile and compatible with a broad range of thiols and unsaturated carbonyl compounds and yields moderate to high results. These reactions can be conducted under biocompatible conditions, thereby making them suitable for protein bioconjugation. The resulting conjugates display good stability in the presence of various biomolecules, which suggests their potential application for the synthesis of antibody-drug conjugates. Furthermore, the presence of a silicon moiety within the conjugated products opens up new avenues for drug release and bridging inorganics with other disciplines. This new class of silicon-containing thiol-specific bioconjugation reagents has significant implications for researchers working in bioanalytical science and medicinal chemistry and leads to innovative opportunities for advancing the field of bioconjugation research and medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenguo Zhang
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Lanyang Li
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Hailun Xu
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Chi-Lik Ken Lee
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 1 Pesek Road, Singapore 627833, Singapore
| | - Zhenhua Jia
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Teck-Peng Loh
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
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5
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Lu MZ, Loh TP. Development and Applications of Water-Compatible Reactions: A Journey to Be Continued. Acc Chem Res 2024; 57:70-92. [PMID: 38112292 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.3c00555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
ConspectusThe pursuit of novel and eco-friendly methods in organic synthesis is gaining prominence, with a strong emphasis on green transformations using renewable and sustainable resources. Among these environmentally conscious approaches, water-compatible reactions stand out for their many advantages. Water, as a solvent, offers unmatched abundance, cost-efficiency, and environmental compatibility compared to organic solvents. Its use eliminates the need for complex protection and deprotection steps for reactive functional groups in multistep synthesis and enables the use of water-soluble substrates like proteins and carbohydrates. Water-compatible reactions also provide opportunities to combine with enzymes, resulting in chemoenzymatic transformations that can increase efficiency. Additionally, these reactions facilitate site-specific modification and the bioconjugation of biomolecules, leading to bioconjugate therapeutics.Over nearly three decades, our research group has been dedicated to developing innovative water-compatible methodologies and concepts. This Account provides a comprehensive overview of our contributions since 1994. Our central strategy revolves around integrating green chemistry principles into our methods, focusing on (i) developing reactions that can operate under mild conditions, including room temperature, atmospheric pressure, and physiological pH; (ii) designing atom-economical reactions that minimize waste production; (iii) replacing toxic and flammable organic solvents with eco-friendly alternatives like water and ethanol; and (iv) reducing reliance on metals or halogenated compounds in specific reactions.In this Account, we detail our achievements in developing efficient methodologies in aqueous media, highlighting their scope, limitations, asymmetric control, and applications for synthesizing complex molecules and functionalizing peptides and proteins. Mechanistic investigations underlying these developments are also discussed when applicable. Furthermore, we offer insights into the reasoning behind our work and address future opportunities and challenges in this area of research. We hope that this Account will inspire continued interest and foster new breakthroughs. By exploring innovative and broadly applicable strategies that expand the water-compatible synthetic toolbox, we aim to pave the way for the truly green and sustainable synthesis of complex molecules and pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Zhu Lu
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
| | - Teck-Peng Loh
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
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6
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Teng S, Zhang Z, Li B, Li L, Tan MCL, Jia Z, Loh TP. Thiol-Specific Silicon-Containing Conjugating Reagent: β-Silyl Alkynyl Carbonyl Compounds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202311906. [PMID: 37721855 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202311906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Site-specific modification of thiol-containing biomolecules has been recognized as a versatile and powerful strategy for probing our biological systems and discovering novel therapeutics. The addition of lipophilic silicon moiety opens up new avenues for multi-disciplinary research with broad applications in both the medicinal and material sciences. However, adhering to the strict biocompatibility requirements, and achieving the introduction of labile silicon handle and high chemo-selectivity have been formidable. In this paper, we report silicon-based conjugating reagents including β-trialkylsilyl and silyl ether-tethered alkynones that selectively react with thiols under physiological conditions. The pH-neutral, metal-free and additive-free reaction yields stable products with broad substrate compatibility and full retention of silicon handles in most cases. Besides simple aliphatic and aromatic thiols, this approach is applicable in the labeling of thiols present in proteins, sugars and payloads, thereby expanding the toolbox of thiol conjugation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenghan Teng
- Strait Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (SLoFE), Strait Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE, Future Technologies), Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore
| | - Zhenguo Zhang
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore
| | - Bohan Li
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore
| | - Lanyang Li
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Melinda Chor Li Tan
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore
| | - Zhenhua Jia
- Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Street, Zhongyuan District, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Teck-Peng Loh
- Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Street, Zhongyuan District, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
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7
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Wei D, Jiang Y, Mao Y, Xu Z, Chen J, Gao X, Li J, Jiang B, Chen H. Phenyldivinylsulfonamides for the construction of antibody-drug conjugates with controlled four payloads. Bioorg Chem 2023; 134:106463. [PMID: 36924655 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Phenyldivinylsulfonamides emerged from a series of divinylsulfonamides, demonstrating their ability to effectively re-bridge disulfide bonds. This kind of linkers was attached to monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) and further conjugated with a model antibody, trastuzumab. After optimization, the linker 20 can deliver stable and highly homogenous DAR (Drug-to-Antibody Ratio) four antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs). The method was also applicable for other IgG1 antibodies to obtain ADCs with controlled four payloads. Moreover, the MMAE-bearing ADC is potent, selective and efficacious against target cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Wei
- Green Chemical Engineering Technology Research Center, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China; Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 201210, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Yuecheng Jiang
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 201210, China; School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201210, China.
| | - Yurong Mao
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 201210, China.
| | - Zili Xu
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 201210, China; School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201210, China.
| | - Jiakang Chen
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 201210, China.
| | - Xiuxia Gao
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 201210, China.
| | - Jiusheng Li
- Green Chemical Engineering Technology Research Center, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China.
| | - Biao Jiang
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 201210, China.
| | - Hongli Chen
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 201210, China.
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8
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Agafonova AV, Novikov MS, Khlebnikov AF. 5-Chloroisoxazoles: A Versatile Starting Material for the Preparation of Amides, Anhydrides, Esters, and Thioesters of 2 H-Azirine-2-carboxylic Acids. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 28:molecules28010275. [PMID: 36615468 PMCID: PMC9822487 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Amides, anhydrides, esters, and thioesters of 2H-azirine-2-carboxylic acids were prepared by a rapid procedure at room temperature involving FeCl2-catalyzed isomerization of 5-chloroisoxazoles to 2H-azirine-2-carbonyl chlorides, followed by reaction with N-, O-, or S-nucleophiles mediated by an ortho-substituted pyridine. With readily available chloroisoxazoles and a nucleophile, 2-picoline can be used as an inexpensive base. When a high yield of the acylation product is important, the reagent 2-(trimethylsilyl)pyridine/ethyl chloroformate is more suitable for the acylation with 2H-azirine-2-carbonyl chlorides.
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Liu Y, He Z, Ma W, Bao G, Li Y, Yu C, Li J, E R, Xu Z, Wang R, Sun W. Copper(I)-Catalyzed Late-Stage Introduction of Oxime Ethers into Peptides at the Carboxylic Acid Site. Org Lett 2022; 24:9248-9253. [PMID: 36508502 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a method of introducing biological oxime ether fragments into peptides by CuI-catalyzed late-stage modification and functionalization of peptides, utilizing their acid moiety and varied 2H-azirines. As a result of its mild conditions, high atom economy, moderate yield, and excellent functional-group tolerance, the method can provide access to late-stage peptide modification and functionalization at their acid sites both in the homogeneous phase and on resins in SPPS, providing a new tool kit for peptide functionalization, diversification, and fluorescent labeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, 199 West Donggang Road, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Zeyuan He
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, 199 West Donggang Road, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Wen Ma
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, 199 West Donggang Road, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Guangjun Bao
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, 199 West Donggang Road, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Yiping Li
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, 199 West Donggang Road, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Changjun Yu
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, 199 West Donggang Road, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Jingyue Li
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, 199 West Donggang Road, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Ruiyao E
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, 199 West Donggang Road, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoqing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, 199 West Donggang Road, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Rui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, 199 West Donggang Road, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, P. R. China
| | - Wangsheng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, 199 West Donggang Road, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, P. R. China
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Kang MS, Xin Khoo JY, Jia Z, Loh TP. Development of catalyst-free carbon-sulfur bond formation reactions under aqueous media and their applications. GREEN SYNTHESIS AND CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gresc.2022.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Oba T, Takahashi H, Roppongi M, Miyata K. 1,4,2-Diazaborole-type heterocycle from 2H-azirine-2-carboxylate and [(alkylamino)methyl]trifluoroborate. Tetrahedron Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2022.153953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Kang MS, Kong TWS, Khoo JYX, Loh TP. Recent developments in chemical conjugation strategies targeting native amino acids in proteins and their applications in antibody-drug conjugates. Chem Sci 2021; 12:13613-13647. [PMID: 34760149 PMCID: PMC8549674 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc02973h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Many fields in chemical biology and synthetic biology require effective bioconjugation methods to achieve their desired functions and activities. Among such biomolecule conjugates, antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) need a linker that provides a stable linkage between cytotoxic drugs and antibodies, whilst conjugating in a biologically benign, fast and selective fashion. This review focuses on how the development of novel organic synthesis can solve the problems of traditional linker technology. The review shall introduce and analyse the current developments in the modification of native amino acids on peptides or proteins and their applicability to ADC linker. Thereafter, the review shall discuss in detail each endogenous amino acid's intrinsic reactivity and selectivity aspects, and address the research effort to construct an ADC using each conjugation method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Sun Kang
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore
| | - Theresa Wai See Kong
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore
| | - Joycelyn Yi Xin Khoo
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore
| | - Teck-Peng Loh
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore
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13
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Govindarajan A, Gnanasambandam V. Toward Intracellular Bioconjugation Using Transition-Metal-Free Techniques. Bioconjug Chem 2021; 32:1431-1454. [PMID: 34197073 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.1c00173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Bioconjugation is the chemical strategy of covalent modification of biomolecules, using either an external reagent or other biomolecules. Since its inception in the twentieth century, the technique has grown by leaps and bounds, and has a variety of applications in chemical biology. However, it is yet to reach its full potential in the study of biochemical processes in live cells, mainly because the bioconjugation strategies conflict with cellular processes. This has mostly been overcome by using transition metal catalysts, but the presence of metal centers limit them to in vitro use, or to the cell surface. These hurdles can potentially be circumvented by using metal-free strategies. However, the very modifications that are necessary to make such metal-free reactions proceed effectively may impact their biocompatibility. This is because biological processes are easily perturbed and greatly depend on the prevailing inter- and intracellular environment. With this taken into consideration, this review analyzes the applicability of the transition-metal-free strategies reported in this decade to the study of biochemical processes in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaditya Govindarajan
- Department of Chemistry, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, Puducherry - 605014, India
| | - Vasuki Gnanasambandam
- Department of Chemistry, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, Puducherry - 605014, India
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14
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15
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Abstract
A green method for the sulfination of allenic carbonyl compounds to access a wide variety of vinylic sulfones is developed. This reaction works in aqueous media under very mild conditions. This reaction is atom economic. A wide variety of vinylic sulfones could be obtained in moderate to excellent yields with wide functional group tolerance. The efficiency of this method is demonstrated in some reactions where the desired products can be isolated by filtration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Goh
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
| | - Manikantha Maraswami
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
| | - Teck-Peng Loh
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, China.,Yangtze River Delta Research Institute, Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 27 Zigang Road, Taicang, Jiangsu 215400, China.,Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
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Rostovskii NV, Koronatov AN, Sakharov PA, Agafonova AV, Novikov MS, Khlebnikov AF, Rogacheva EV, Kraeva LA. Azirine-containing dipeptides and depsipeptides: synthesis, transformations and antibacterial activity. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:9448-9460. [PMID: 33170920 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob02023k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Azirine-containing dipeptides and depsipeptides with a wide range of substituents have been synthesized in high yields via the Passerini and Ugi multicomponent reactions (MCRs) using 2H-azirine-2-carboxylic acids as the acid component. The obtained MCR adducts have been transformed to lactam-fused aziridines, as well as pyrrole, imidazole, aziridine, and other derivatives, containing the dipeptide or depsipeptide moiety. The azirine-containing depsipeptides exhibit antibacterial activity against the ESKAPE pathogens, especially Gram-positive bacterial strains (E. faecium - MIC 16 μg mL-1, S. aureus - MIC 9 μg mL-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolai V Rostovskii
- Saint Petersburg State University, Institute of Chemistry, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russia.
| | - Alexander N Koronatov
- Saint Petersburg State University, Institute of Chemistry, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russia.
| | - Pavel A Sakharov
- Saint Petersburg State University, Institute of Chemistry, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russia.
| | - Anastasiya V Agafonova
- Saint Petersburg State University, Institute of Chemistry, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russia.
| | - Mikhail S Novikov
- Saint Petersburg State University, Institute of Chemistry, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russia.
| | - Alexander F Khlebnikov
- Saint Petersburg State University, Institute of Chemistry, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russia.
| | - Elizaveta V Rogacheva
- Saint Petersburg State University, Institute of Chemistry, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russia. and Pasteur Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, 14 Mira Street, Saint Petersburg, 197101, Russia
| | - Liudmila A Kraeva
- Pasteur Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, 14 Mira Street, Saint Petersburg, 197101, Russia
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17
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Wu LH, Zhou S, Luo QF, Tian JS, Loh TP. Dichloroacetophenone Derivatives: A Class of Bioconjugation Reagents for Disulfide Bridging. Org Lett 2020; 22:8193-8197. [PMID: 33052688 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A mild and biocompatible method for the construction of disulfide bridging in peptides using dichloroacetophenone derivatives is developed. This method is highly selective (chemo, diastereo, regio, etc.) and atom economic and works under biocompatible reaction conditions (metal-free, water, pH 7, rt, etc.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu-Hai Wu
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Shuguang Zhou
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an 710072, China.,Yangtze River Delta Research Institute of NPU, Taicang, Jiangsu 215400, China
| | - Qun-Feng Luo
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an 710072, China.,Yangtze River Delta Research Institute of NPU, Taicang, Jiangsu 215400, China
| | - Jie-Sheng Tian
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an 710072, China.,Yangtze River Delta Research Institute of NPU, Taicang, Jiangsu 215400, China.,Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Teck-Peng Loh
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an 710072, China.,Yangtze River Delta Research Institute of NPU, Taicang, Jiangsu 215400, China.,Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing 211816, China.,Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
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18
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Cameron AJ, Harris PWR, Brimble MA. On-Resin Preparation of Allenamidyl Peptides: A Versatile Chemoselective Conjugation and Intramolecular Cyclisation Tool. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:18054-18061. [PMID: 32700356 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202004656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The ability to modify peptides and proteins chemoselectively is of continued interest in medicinal chemistry, with peptide conjugation, lipidation, stapling, and disulfide engineering at the forefront of modern peptide chemistry. Herein we report a robust method for the on-resin preparation of allenamide-modified peptides, an unexplored functionality for peptides that provides a versatile chemical tool for chemoselective inter- or intramolecular bridging reactions with thiols. The bridging reaction is biocompatible, occurring spontaneously at pH 7.4 in catalyst-free aqueous media. By this "click" approach, a model peptide was successfully modified with a diverse range of alkyl and aryl thiols. Furthermore, this technique was demonstrated as a valuable tool to induce spontaneous intramolecular cyclisation by preparation of an oxytocin analogue, in which the native disulfide bridge was replaced with a vinyl sulfide moiety formed by thia-Michael addition of a cysteine thiol to the allenamide handle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan J Cameron
- School of Chemical Sciences and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, 23 Symonds St, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Paul W R Harris
- School of Chemical Sciences and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, 23 Symonds St, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Margaret A Brimble
- School of Chemical Sciences and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, 23 Symonds St, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
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19
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Cameron AJ, Harris PWR, Brimble MA. On‐Resin Preparation of Allenamidyl Peptides: A Versatile Chemoselective Conjugation and Intramolecular Cyclisation Tool. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202004656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alan J. Cameron
- School of Chemical Sciences and School of Biological Sciences The University of Auckland 23 Symonds St Auckland 1142 New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery The University of Auckland Auckland 1142 New Zealand
| | - Paul W. R. Harris
- School of Chemical Sciences and School of Biological Sciences The University of Auckland 23 Symonds St Auckland 1142 New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery The University of Auckland Auckland 1142 New Zealand
| | - Margaret A. Brimble
- School of Chemical Sciences and School of Biological Sciences The University of Auckland 23 Symonds St Auckland 1142 New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery The University of Auckland Auckland 1142 New Zealand
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