1
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Cui H, Zhang C, Ji Y, Zhang G. A sustainable metal-free and additive-free olefination route to N-heteroazaarenes from methyl-substituted heterocycles and amines. RSC Adv 2024; 14:4339-4344. [PMID: 38304557 PMCID: PMC10828934 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra00189c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
A green and sustainable metal-free, additive-free olefination approach is proposed for the facile synthesis of various unsaturated N-heteroazaarenes from simple methyl-substituted heteroarenes and amines. The developed protocol employs only air as the sole oxidant and provides a useful strategy for obtaining various E-selective conjugated heterocyclic olefins. This provides a useful strategy for application in generating grams of a variety of unsaturated N-heteroazaarenes (up to 20.33 grams) and the synthetic imaging agents of STB-8 (2.40 gram) with high regioselectivity in one pot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyi Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Taiyuan 030001 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Chunyan Zhang
- Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan 030001 P. R. China
| | - Yuqi Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Taiyuan 030001 P. R. China
| | - Guoying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Taiyuan 030001 P. R. China
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2
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Mondal A, Phukan HJ, Pal D, Kumar S, Roy M, Srimani D. Well-Defined Mn(II)-complex Catalyzed Switchable De(hydrogenative) Csp 3 -H Functionalization of Methyl Heteroarenes: A Sustainable Approach for Diversification of Heterocyclic Motifs. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303315. [PMID: 37933814 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic activities of Mn(I) complexes derived from expensive MnBr(CO)5 salt have been explored in various dehydrogenative transformations. However, the reactivity and selectivity of inexpensive high spin Mn(II) complexes are uncommon. Herein, we have synthesized four new Mn(II) complexes and explored switchable alkenylation and alkylation of methyl heteroarenes employing a single Mn(II)catalyst. The developed protocol selectively furnishes a series of functionalized E-heteroarenes and C-alkylated heteroarenes with good to excellent yields. Various medicinally and synthetically useful compounds are successfully synthesized using our developed protocol. Various controls and kinetics experiments were executed to shed light on the mechaism,which reveals that α-C-H bond breaking of alcohol is the slowest step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avijit Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology-Guwahati, Kamrup, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Hirak Jyoti Phukan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology-Guwahati, Kamrup, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Debjyoti Pal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology-Guwahati, Kamrup, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Saurabh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology-Guwahati, Kamrup, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Mithu Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology-Guwahati, Kamrup, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Dipankar Srimani
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology-Guwahati, Kamrup, Assam, 781039, India
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3
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Vera DR, Ardila DM, Palma A, Cobo J, Glidewell C. Conversion of 2-methyl-4-styrylquinolines into 2,4-distyrylquinolines: synthesis, and spectroscopic and structural characterization of five examples. Acta Crystallogr C Struct Chem 2023; 79:94-103. [PMID: 36871291 PMCID: PMC9985948 DOI: 10.1107/s2053229623001432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Four new 2,4-distyrylquinolines and one 2-styryl-4-[2-(thiophen-2-yl)vinyl]quinoline have been synthesized using indium trichloride condensation reactions between aromatic aldehydes and the corresponding 2-methylquinolines, which were themselves prepared using Friedländer annulation reactions between mono- or diketones and (2-aminophenyl)chalcones: the products have all been fully characterized by spectroscopic and crystallographic methods. 2,4-Bis[(E)-styryl]quinoline, C25H19N, (IIa), and its dichloro analogue, 2-[(E)-2,4-dichlorostyryl]-4-[(E)-styryl]quinoline, C25H17Cl2N, (IIb), exhibit different orientations of the 2-styryl unit relative to the quinoline nucleus. In each of the 3-benzoyl analogues {2-[(E)-4-bromostyryl]-4-[(E)-styryl]quinolin-3-yl}(phenyl)methanone, C32H22BrNO, (IIc), {2-[(E)-4-bromostyryl]-4-[(E)-4-chlorostyryl]quinolin-3-yl}(phenyl)methanone, C32H21BrClNO, (IId), and {2-[(E)-4-bromostyryl]-4-[(E)-2-(thiophen-2-yl)vinyl]quinolin-3-yl}(phenyl)methanone, C30H20BrNOS, (IIe), the orientation of the 2-styryl unit is similar to that in (IIa), but the orientation of the 4-arylvinyl units show considerable variation. The thiophene unit in (IIe) is disordered over two sets of atomic sites having occupancies of 0.926 (3) and 0.074 (3). There are no hydrogen bonds of any kind in the structure of (IIa), but in (IId), a single C-H...O hydrogen bond links the molecules into cyclic centrosymmetric R22(20) dimers. A combination of C-H...N and C-H...π hydrogen bonds links the molecules of (IIb) into a three-dimensional framework structure. A combination of three C-H...π hydrogen bonds links the molecules of (IIc) into sheets, and a combination of C-H...O and C-H...π hydrogen bonds forms sheets in (IIe). Comparisons are made with the structures of some related compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana R Vera
- Laboratorio de Síntesis Orgánica, Escuela de Química, Universidad Industrial de Santander, AA 678, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Diana M Ardila
- Laboratorio de Síntesis Orgánica, Escuela de Química, Universidad Industrial de Santander, AA 678, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Alirio Palma
- Laboratorio de Síntesis Orgánica, Escuela de Química, Universidad Industrial de Santander, AA 678, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Justo Cobo
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica, Universidad de Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain
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4
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Hu H, Luo C, Wang B, Lai T, Zhang G, Gao G. NaCl catalyzed transesterification and hydrolysis of ethylene carbonate. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2023.113010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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5
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Verma A, Dolui P, Hazra S, Elias AJ. Directing group enabled ‘On-Water’ C-H bond functionalization of ferrocene derivatives. J Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2022.122303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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6
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Su F, Lai M, Zhao M, Song M, Hu X, Zhang J. t
‐BuOK‐Mediated Transition‐Metal‐Free Direct Olefination and Alkylation of Methyl
N
‐Heteroarenes with Primary Alcohols under Control of Temperature. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202104454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fangyao Su
- Flavors and Fragrance Engineering & Technology Research Center of Henan Province, College of Tobacco Science Henan Agricultural University 95 Wenhua Road Zhengzhou 450002 P. R. China
| | - Miao Lai
- Flavors and Fragrance Engineering & Technology Research Center of Henan Province, College of Tobacco Science Henan Agricultural University 95 Wenhua Road Zhengzhou 450002 P. R. China
| | - Mingqin Zhao
- Flavors and Fragrance Engineering & Technology Research Center of Henan Province, College of Tobacco Science Henan Agricultural University 95 Wenhua Road Zhengzhou 450002 P. R. China
| | - Mingzhou Song
- Flavors and Fragrance Engineering & Technology Research Center of Henan Province, College of Tobacco Science Henan Agricultural University 95 Wenhua Road Zhengzhou 450002 P. R. China
| | - Xin Hu
- Flavors and Fragrance Engineering & Technology Research Center of Henan Province, College of Tobacco Science Henan Agricultural University 95 Wenhua Road Zhengzhou 450002 P. R. China
| | - Junqin Zhang
- Flavors and Fragrance Engineering & Technology Research Center of Henan Province, College of Tobacco Science Henan Agricultural University 95 Wenhua Road Zhengzhou 450002 P. R. China
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7
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Tamilthendral V, Balamurugan G, Ramesh R, Malecki JG. Ru(II)–NNO pincer‐type complexes catalysed E‐olefination of alkyl‐substituted quinolines/pyrazines utilizing primary alcohols. Appl Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Veerappan Tamilthendral
- Centre for Organometallic Chemistry, School of Chemistry Bharathidasan University Tiruchirappalli Tamil Nadu India
| | - Gunasekaran Balamurugan
- Centre for Organometallic Chemistry, School of Chemistry Bharathidasan University Tiruchirappalli Tamil Nadu India
| | - Rengan Ramesh
- Centre for Organometallic Chemistry, School of Chemistry Bharathidasan University Tiruchirappalli Tamil Nadu India
| | - Jan Grzegorz Malecki
- Department of Crystallography, Institute of Chemistry University of Silesia Katowice Poland
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8
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Xiong Z, Duan J, Li X, Wang X, Addepalli Y, Lu M, Yao W, He L, Wang Z. Palladium-Catalyzed Selective [2 + 2 + 2] Annulation of 2-(2-Enynyl)pyridines with Arynes. J Org Chem 2021; 86:12403-12411. [PMID: 34379414 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The palladium-catalyzed chemo- and stereoselective [2 + 2 + 2] annulation reaction of 2-(2-enynyl)pyridines with arynes has been developed. A wide range of (E)- or (E/Z)-isomers of 2-(2-enynyl)pyridines and arynes was tolerated, providing a spectrum of (E)-phenanthrenylated 2-alkenylpyridines in good yield, together with the generation of a chiral axis between an alkene and a phenanthrene ring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongli Xiong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Drug Research, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, P.R. China
| | - Jingxiang Duan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Drug Research, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyi Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Drug Research, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, P.R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Drug Research, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, P.R. China
| | - Yesu Addepalli
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Drug Research, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, P.R. China
| | - Mengxue Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Drug Research, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, P.R. China
| | - Weijun Yao
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P.R. China
| | - Ling He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Drug Research, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Drug Research, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, P.R. China
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9
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Li X, Huang B, Wang J, Zhang Y, Liao W. NH4I-mediated sp3 C-H cross-dehydrogenative coupling of benzylamines with 2-methylquinoline for the synthesis of E-2-styrylquinolines. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/17475198211019253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Without any metal catalyst, a simple and efficient method for the synthesis of E-2-styrylquinolines through sp3 C-H cross-dehydrogenative coupling of benzylamines with 2-methylquinolines mediated by NH4I under air is successfully developed. The oxidative olefination proceeded through deamination and sp3 C–H bond activation. A plausible mechanism is proposed for the construction of E-2-styrylquinolines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Li
- Drug Research Center, Traditional Chinese Medicine Institute of Jiangxi, Nanchang, P.R. China
| | - Bin Huang
- Drug Research Center, Traditional Chinese Medicine Institute of Jiangxi, Nanchang, P.R. China
| | - JiangWei Wang
- Jiangxi Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese medicine, Nanchang, P.R. China
| | - YuanYuan Zhang
- Drug Research Center, Traditional Chinese Medicine Institute of Jiangxi, Nanchang, P.R. China
| | - WeiBo Liao
- Drug Research Center, Traditional Chinese Medicine Institute of Jiangxi, Nanchang, P.R. China
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10
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Dahatonde DJ, Ghosh A, Batra S. Metal‐Free Synthesis of Alkenylazaarenes and 2‐Aminoquinolines through Base‐Mediated Aerobic Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Benzyl Alcohols. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dipak J. Dahatonde
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute BS-10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road Lucknow 226031, Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Aritra Ghosh
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute BS-10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road Lucknow 226031, Uttar Pradesh India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research CSIR – Human Resource Development Centre, (CSIR-HRDC) Campus Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Sanjay Batra
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute BS-10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road Lucknow 226031, Uttar Pradesh India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research CSIR – Human Resource Development Centre, (CSIR-HRDC) Campus Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh India
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11
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Pang H, Hu Y, Yu J, Gallou F, Lipshutz BH. Water-Sculpting of a Heterogeneous Nanoparticle Precatalyst for Mizoroki-Heck Couplings under Aqueous Micellar Catalysis Conditions. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:3373-3382. [PMID: 33630579 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c11484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Powdery, spherical nanoparticles (NPs) containing ppm levels of palladium ligated by t-Bu3P, derived from FeCl3, upon simple exposure to water undergo a remarkable alteration in their morphology leading to nanorods that catalyze Mizoroki-Heck (MH) couplings. Such NP alteration is general, shown to occur with three unrelated phosphine ligand-containing NPs. Each catalyst has been studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) analyses. Couplings that rely specifically on NPs containing t-Bu3P-ligated Pd occur under aqueous micellar catalysis conditions between room temperature and 45 °C, and show broad substrate scope. Other key features associated with this new technology include low residual Pd in the product, recycling of the aqueous reaction medium, and an associated low E Factor. Synthesis of the precursor to galipinine, a member of the Hancock family of alkaloids, is suggestive of potential industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haobo Pang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Yuting Hu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Julie Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | | | - Bruce H Lipshutz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
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12
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Donthireddy SNR, Tiwari CS, Kumar S, Rit A. Atom‐Economic Alk(en)ylations of Esters, Amides, and Methyl Heteroarenes Utilizing Alcohols Following Dehydrogenative Strategies. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202000634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. N. R. Donthireddy
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai 600036 India
| | | | - Shashi Kumar
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai 600036 India
| | - Arnab Rit
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai 600036 India
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13
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Verma A, Hazra S, Dolui P, Elias AJ. Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Synthesis of α‐Alkylated Ketones and Quinolines in an Aqueous Medium via a Hydrogen‐Borrowing Strategy Using Ketones and Alcohols. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202000686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Verma
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Hauz Khas New Delhi 110016 India
| | - Susanta Hazra
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Hauz Khas New Delhi 110016 India
| | - Pritam Dolui
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Hauz Khas New Delhi 110016 India
| | - Anil J. Elias
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Hauz Khas New Delhi 110016 India
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14
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Thorve PR, Maji B. Deaminative Olefination of Methyl N-Heteroarenes by an Amine Oxidase Inspired Catalyst. Org Lett 2021; 23:542-547. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c04060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pradip Ramdas Thorve
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Biplab Maji
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
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15
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Wang D, Gao Y, Tong Y, Xiong M, Liang X, Zhu H, Pan Y. Unsymmetrical Disulfides Synthesis
via
Cs
2
CO
3
‐Catalyzed Three‐Component Reaction in Water. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dungai Wang
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanji Gao
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 People's Republic of China
| | - Yunli Tong
- Zhejiang East Asia Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd Zhejiang People's Republic of China
| | - Mingteng Xiong
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Liang
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 People's Republic of China
| | - Heping Zhu
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanjiang Pan
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 People's Republic of China
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16
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Wang DK, Fang YL, Zhang J, Guan YT, Huang XJ, Zhang J, Li Q, Wei WT. Radical cyclizations of enynes/dienes with alcohols in water using a green oxidant. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:8491-8495. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01902j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A simple, eco-friendly, and efficient methodology for performing radical cyclizations of enynes/dienes with alcohols in water has been established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Kai Wang
- State Key Laboratory Base of Novel Functional Materials and Preparation Science
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering
- Ningbo University
- Ningbo
- China
| | - Yi-Lin Fang
- Institution of Functional Organic Molecules and Materials
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Liaocheng University
- Liaocheng 252059
- China
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Base of Novel Functional Materials and Preparation Science
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering
- Ningbo University
- Ningbo
- China
| | - Yu-Tao Guan
- State Key Laboratory Base of Novel Functional Materials and Preparation Science
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering
- Ningbo University
- Ningbo
- China
| | - Xun-Jie Huang
- State Key Laboratory Base of Novel Functional Materials and Preparation Science
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering
- Ningbo University
- Ningbo
- China
| | - Jianfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Base of Novel Functional Materials and Preparation Science
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering
- Ningbo University
- Ningbo
- China
| | - Qiang Li
- Institution of Functional Organic Molecules and Materials
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Liaocheng University
- Liaocheng 252059
- China
| | - Wen-Ting Wei
- State Key Laboratory Base of Novel Functional Materials and Preparation Science
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering
- Ningbo University
- Ningbo
- China
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