1
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Liu WC, Gabbaï FP. Characterization of a Lewis adduct in its inner and outer forms. Science 2024; 385:1184-1188. [PMID: 39265017 DOI: 10.1126/science.adp7465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024]
Abstract
The entrance channel of bimolecular reactions sometimes involves the formation of outer complexes as weakly bound, fleeting intermediates. Here, we characterize such an outer complex in a system that models the bimolecular, C-O bond-forming reaction of a phosphine oxide Lewis base with a carbenium Lewis acid. Crystallographic studies show that the C-O distance in the outer form exceeds that of the final or inner adduct by 1.1 angstroms. As the system samples the two forms of the complex, which correspond to minima on the corresponding potential energy surface, the C-O linkage switches from a secondary interaction in the outer complex to a dative bond in the inner complex. This phenomenon is harnessed as a functional feature to stabilize xanthylium-based photoredox catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chun Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3255, USA
| | - François P Gabbaï
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3255, USA
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2
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Ando H, Kodaki S, Takamura H, Kadota I, Tanaka K. A direct oxidative esterification of aldehydes with alcohols mediated by photochemical C-H bromination. Org Biomol Chem 2024. [PMID: 39239668 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob01237b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
The photochemical direct esterification of aldehydes with alcohols via in situ-generated acyl-bromides presented in this report is an attractive complementary addition to hitherto reported methods, as these are usually carried out in a two-step, one-pot procedure in order to avoid side reactions such as the oxidation of alcohols by halogen sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haru Ando
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-Naka, Kitaku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.
| | - Sakura Kodaki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-Naka, Kitaku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.
| | - Hiroyoshi Takamura
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-Naka, Kitaku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.
| | - Isao Kadota
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-Naka, Kitaku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.
| | - Kenta Tanaka
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-Naka, Kitaku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.
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3
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Takahashi S, Murai M, Hattori Y, Seki S, Yanai T, Yamaguchi S. Sulfur-Bridged Cationic Diazulenomethenes: Formation of Charge-Segregated Assembly with High Charge-Carrier Mobility. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:22642-22649. [PMID: 39092507 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c07122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Sulfur-bridged cationic diazulenomethenes were synthesized and exhibited high stability even under basic conditions due to the delocalization of positive charge over the whole π-conjugated skeleton. As a result of the effective delocalization and the absence of orthogonally oriented bulky substituents, the cationic π-conjugated skeletons formed a π-stacked array with short interfacial distances. A derivative with SbF6- as a counter anion formed a charge-segregated assembly in the crystalline state, rather than the generally favored charge-by-charge arrangement of oppositely charged species based on electrostatic interactions. Theoretical calculations suggested that the destabilization caused by electrostatic repulsion between two positively charged π-conjugated skeletons is compensated by the dispersion forces. In addition, the counter anion SbF6- played a role in regulating the molecular alignment through F⋯H-C and F-S interactions, which resulted in the charge-segregated alignment of the cationic π-skeletons. This characteristic assembled structure gave rise to a high charge-carrier mobility of 1.7 cm2 V-1 s-1 as determined using flash-photolysis time-resolved microwave conductivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Takahashi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Masahito Murai
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Yusuke Hattori
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Shu Seki
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yanai
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Shigehiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
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4
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Arena D, Verde-Sesto E, Rivilla I, Pomposo JA. Artificial Photosynthases: Single-Chain Nanoparticles with Manifold Visible-Light Photocatalytic Activity for Challenging "in Water" Organic Reactions. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:14397-14403. [PMID: 38639303 PMCID: PMC11140743 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c02718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Photocatalyzed reactions of organic substances in aqueous media are challenging transformations, often because of scarce solubility of substrates and catalyst deactivation. Herein, we report single-chain nanoparticles, SCNPs, capable of efficiently catalyzing four different "in water" organic reactions by employing visible light as the only external energy source. Specifically, we decorated a high-molecular-weight copolymer, poly(OEGMA300-r-AEMA), with iridium(III) cyclometalated complex pendants at varying content amounts. The isolated functionalized copolymers demonstrated self-assembly into noncovalent, amphiphilic SCNPs in water, which enabled efficient visible-light photocatalysis of two reactions unprecedentedly reported in water, namely, [2 + 2] photocycloaddition of vinyl arenes and α-arylation of N-arylamines. Additionally, aerobic oxidation of 9-substituted anthracenes and β-sulfonylation of α-methylstyrene were successfully carried out in aqueous media. Hence, by merging metal-mediated photocatalysis and SCNPs for the fabrication of artificial photoenzyme-like nano-objects─i.e., artificial photosynthases (APS)─our work broadens the possibilities for performing challenging "in water" organic transformations via visible-light photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Arena
- Centro
de Física de Materiales (CSIC-UPV/EHU)-Materials Physics Center
MPC, P° Manuel Lardizabal 5, E-20018 Donostia, Spain
| | - Ester Verde-Sesto
- Centro
de Física de Materiales (CSIC-UPV/EHU)-Materials Physics Center
MPC, P° Manuel Lardizabal 5, E-20018 Donostia, Spain
- IKERBASQUE-Basque
Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, E-48009 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Iván Rivilla
- IKERBASQUE-Basque
Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, E-48009 Bilbao, Spain
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica I, Centro de Innovación en
Química Avanzada (ORFEO−CINQA), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Faculty of Chemistry, P° Manuel Lardizabal 3, E-20018 Donostia, Spain
- Donostia
International Physics Center (DIPC), P° Manuel Lardizabal 4, E-20018 Donostia, Spain
| | - José A. Pomposo
- Centro
de Física de Materiales (CSIC-UPV/EHU)-Materials Physics Center
MPC, P° Manuel Lardizabal 5, E-20018 Donostia, Spain
- IKERBASQUE-Basque
Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, E-48009 Bilbao, Spain
- Departamento
de Polímeros y Materiales Avanzados: Física, Química
y Tecnología, University of the Basque
Country (UPV/EHU), Faculty of Chemistry, P° Manuel Lardizabal 3, E-20018 Donostia, Spain
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5
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Wang Y, Fan S, Tang X. Nucleophilic Organocatalyst for Photochemical Carbon Radical Generation via S N2 Substitution. Org Lett 2024; 26:4002-4007. [PMID: 38691539 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c01278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Photochemical generation of radicals is a powerful way to construct various molecules. But most of these methods rely on initiators or the redox properties of radical precursors. Herein, we report a photochemical organic catalyst that reacts with benzyl halide to generate carbon radical via an SN2 pathway. This nucleophilic catalyst can be easily prepared and is bench-stable. The SN2 process does not rely on the redox properties of halides, showing potential synthetic utility. Control experiments and UV-vis spectroscopic analysis indicate that the SN2 substitution adduct is the key intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhuo Wang
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Shiwen Fan
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xinjun Tang
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- Zhejiang Institute, China University of Geosciences, Hangzhou 311305, China
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6
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Jang I, Kim HY, Oh K. Visible-Light [4+2] Homodimerization of Decomposition-Prone Styrenes via Electron Transfer Catalysis of Diaryl Diselenides. Org Lett 2024; 26:4008-4012. [PMID: 38683186 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c01210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
The facile electron transfer catalysis of diaryl diselenides was utilized for the visible-light [4+2] homodimerization of decomposition-prone styrenes. The reaction required only 0.5 mol % TPT+BF4- photocatalyst and 1.5 mol % electron transfer catalyst (ArSe)2. The spontaneous electron transfer capability of diaryl diselenides was demonstrated for the first time, leading to the sequestration of redox-prone radical cation intermediates via electron transfer processes. A variety of polymerization-prone styrenes smoothly underwent the visible-light-promoted [4+2] homodimerization to tetralin derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inho Jang
- Department of Global Innovative Drugs, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Hun Young Kim
- Department of Global Innovative Drugs, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungsoo Oh
- Center for Metareceptome Research, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
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7
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Ando H, Takamura H, Kadota I, Tanaka K. Strongly reducing helical phenothiazines as recyclable organophotoredox catalysts. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:4765-4768. [PMID: 38529587 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc00904e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Recyclable phenothiazine organophotoredox catalysts (PTHS 1-3, E1/2ox* = -2.34 to -2.40 V vs. SCE) have been developed. When the recycling performance was evaluated, PTHS-1 could be recovered at least four times without loss of its catalytic activity. These recyclable organophotoredox catalysts represent a promising tool for sustainable organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haru Ando
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-Naka, Kitaku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.
| | - Hiroyoshi Takamura
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-Naka, Kitaku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.
| | - Isao Kadota
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-Naka, Kitaku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.
| | - Kenta Tanaka
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-Naka, Kitaku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.
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8
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Terada M, Yazaki R, Obayashi R, Iwasaki Z, Umemiya S, Kikuchi J. Consecutive π-Lewis acidic metal-catalysed cyclisation/photochemical radical addition promoted by in situ generated 2-benzopyrylium as the photoredox catalyst. Chem Sci 2024; 15:6115-6121. [PMID: 38665511 PMCID: PMC11041276 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc00808a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
A π-Lewis acidic metal-catalysed cyclisation/photochemical radical addition sequence was developed, which utilises in situ generated 2-benzopyrylium cation intermediates as photoredox catalysts and electrophilic substrates to form 1H-isochromene derivatives in good yields in most cases. The key 2-benzopyrylium intermediates were generated through the activation of the alkyne moiety of ortho-carbonyl alkynylbenzene derivatives by such π-Lewis acidic metal catalysts as AgNTf2 and Cu(NTf2)2, and the subsequent intramolecular cyclisation and proto-demetalation using trifluoroacetic acid. Further photo-excitation of the 2-benzopyrylium intermediates facilitated single-electron transfer from a benzyltrimethylsilane derivative as a donor molecule to promote the radical addition of arylmethyl radicals to the 2-benzopyrylium intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Terada
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University Aoba-ku Sendai Miyagi 980-8578 Japan
| | - Ryohei Yazaki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University Aoba-ku Sendai Miyagi 980-8578 Japan
| | - Ren Obayashi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University Aoba-ku Sendai Miyagi 980-8578 Japan
| | - Zen Iwasaki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University Aoba-ku Sendai Miyagi 980-8578 Japan
| | - Shigenobu Umemiya
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University Aoba-ku Sendai Miyagi 980-8578 Japan
| | - Jun Kikuchi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University Aoba-ku Sendai Miyagi 980-8578 Japan
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9
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Pal B, Sahoo S, Mal P. Atom Transfer Radical Addition Reactions of Quinoxalin-2(1 H)-ones with CBr 4 and Styrenes Using Mes-Acr-MeClO 4 Photocatalyst. J Org Chem 2024; 89:1784-1796. [PMID: 38214146 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
The atom transfer radical addition (ATRA) reaction is defined as a method for introducing halogenated compounds into alkenes via a radical mechanism. In this study, we present an ATRA approach for achieving regioselective functionalization of quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones by activating C-Br bonds of CBr4 and subsequent trihaloalkyl-carbofunctionalization of styrenes employing the 9-mesityl-10-methylacridinium perchlorate (Fukuzumi) photocatalyst under 3W blue LED (450-470 nm) irradiation. This three-component radical cascade process demonstrates remarkable efficiency in the synthesis of 1-methyl-3-(3,3,3-tribromo-1-(4-chlorophenyl)propyl)quinoxalin-2(1H)-one derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buddhadeb Pal
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Bhubaneswar, An OCC of Homi Bhabha National Institute, PO Bhimpur-Padanpur, Via Jatni, District Khurda, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 752050, India
| | - Sathi Sahoo
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Bhubaneswar, An OCC of Homi Bhabha National Institute, PO Bhimpur-Padanpur, Via Jatni, District Khurda, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 752050, India
| | - Prasenjit Mal
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Bhubaneswar, An OCC of Homi Bhabha National Institute, PO Bhimpur-Padanpur, Via Jatni, District Khurda, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 752050, India
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10
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Rybicka-Jasińska K, Szeptuch Z, Kubiszewski H, Kowaluk A. Electrochemical Cycloaddition Reactions of Alkene Radical Cations: A Route toward Cyclopropanes and Cyclobutanes. Org Lett 2023; 25:1142-1146. [PMID: 36786497 PMCID: PMC9972478 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we describe a mild and efficient electrochemical method for cycloaddition reactions of alkene radical cations. Anodic oxidation of olefins produces electrophilic alkene radical cations, which further react with either diazo compounds in a [2 + 1] cycloaddition toward cyclopropane synthesis, or styrene derivatives in a [2 + 2] cycloaddition producing cyclobutanes. Both processes are green, metal- and catalyst-free, and scalable and tolerate a broad range of electron-rich olefins.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zuzanna Szeptuch
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland,Faculty
of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Hubert Kubiszewski
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kowaluk
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
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11
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Das S, Zhu C, Demirbas D, Bill E, De CK, List B. Asymmetric counteranion-directed photoredox catalysis. Science 2023; 379:494-499. [PMID: 36656920 DOI: 10.1126/science.ade8190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Photoredox catalysis enables distinctive and broadly applicable chemical reactions, but controlling their selectivity has proven to be difficult. The pursuit of enantioselectivity is a particularly daunting challenge, arguably because of the high energy of the activated radical (ion) intermediates, and previous approaches have invariably required pairing of the photoredox catalytic cycle with an additional activation mode for asymmetric induction. A potential solution for photoredox reactions proceeding via radical ions would be catalytic pairing with enantiopure counterions. However, although attempts toward this approach have been described, high selectivity has not yet been accomplished. Here we report a potentially general solution to radical cation-based asymmetric photoredox catalysis. We describe organic salts, featuring confined imidodiphosphorimidate counteranions that catalyze highly enantioselective [2+2]-cross cycloadditions of styrenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayantani Das
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Chendan Zhu
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Derya Demirbas
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Eckhard Bill
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Chandra Kanta De
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Benjamin List
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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12
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Kawahara KP, Ito H, Itami K. Rapid access to polycyclic thiopyrylium compounds from unfunctionalized aromatics by thia-APEX reaction. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:1157-1160. [PMID: 36594536 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc06706d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We developed a sulfur-embedding annulative π-extension (thia-APEX) reaction that could construct a sulfur-embedding cationic hexagonal aromatic ring, thiopyrylium, onto unfunctionalized aromatics in one step. The key of thia-APEX is the use of S-imidated ortho-arenoyl arenethiols, and a variety of π-extended thiopyryliums can easily be synthesized. The synthesized thiopyryliums showed diverse absorption and emission properties over the visible light to NIR region, depending on minor structural differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kou P Kawahara
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan.
| | - Hideto Ito
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan.
| | - Kenichiro Itami
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan. .,Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
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13
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Golfmann M, Glagow L, Giakoumidakis A, Golz C, Walker JCL. Organophotocatalytic [2+2] Cycloaddition of Electron-Deficient Styrenes. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202202373. [PMID: 36282627 PMCID: PMC10100360 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A visible-light organophotocatalytic [2+2] cycloaddition of electron-deficient styrenes is described. Photocatalytic [2+2] cycloadditions are typically performed with electron-rich styrene derivatives or α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds, and with transition-metal-based catalysts. We have discovered that an organic cyanoarene photocatalyst is able to deliver high-value cyclobutane products bearing electron-deficient aryl substituents in good yields. A range of electron-deficient substituents are tolerated, and both homodimerisations and intramolecular [2+2] cycloadditions to fused bicyclic systems are available by using this methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim Golfmann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Louis Glagow
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Antonios Giakoumidakis
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.,University of Ioannina, Department of Chemistry, Section of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, 45110, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Christopher Golz
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Johannes C L Walker
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
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14
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Chua MH, Soo XYD, Goh WP, Png ZM, Zhu Q, Xu J. Thioxanthylium Cations: Highly Reversible Hydrochromic Mate‐rials with Tunable Color and Moisture Sensitivity. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201975. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Hui Chua
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE) Agency for Science Technology and Research 2 Fusionopolis Way Innovis, #08-03 138634 Singapore
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals Energy and Environment (ISCE2) Agency for Science Technology and Research 1 Pesek Road Jurong Island 627833 Singapore
| | - Xiang Yun Debbie Soo
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE) Agency for Science Technology and Research 2 Fusionopolis Way Innovis, #08-03 138634 Singapore
| | - Wei Peng Goh
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE) Agency for Science Technology and Research 2 Fusionopolis Way Innovis, #08-03 138634 Singapore
| | - Zhuang Mao Png
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE) Agency for Science Technology and Research 2 Fusionopolis Way Innovis, #08-03 138634 Singapore
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals Energy and Environment (ISCE2) Agency for Science Technology and Research 1 Pesek Road Jurong Island 627833 Singapore
| | - Qiang Zhu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE) Agency for Science Technology and Research 2 Fusionopolis Way Innovis, #08-03 138634 Singapore
| | - Jianwei Xu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE) Agency for Science Technology and Research 2 Fusionopolis Way Innovis, #08-03 138634 Singapore
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals Energy and Environment (ISCE2) Agency for Science Technology and Research 1 Pesek Road Jurong Island 627833 Singapore
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore Singapore
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15
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Visible Light‐Promoted Fluorescein/Ni‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Bis‐(β‐Dicarbonyls) using Olefins as a Methylene Bridge Synthon. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202200424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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16
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Li H, Younes SHH, Chen S, Duan P, Cui C, Wever R, Zhang W, Hollmann F. Chemoenzymatic Hunsdiecker-Type Decarboxylative Bromination of Cinnamic Acids. ACS Catal 2022; 12:4554-4559. [PMID: 35465241 PMCID: PMC9016706 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c00485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
In this contribution,
we report chemoenzymatic bromodecarboxylation
(Hunsdiecker-type) of α,ß-unsaturated carboxylic acids.
The extraordinarily robust chloroperoxidase from Curvularia
inaequalis (CiVCPO) generated hypobromite
from H2O2 and bromide, which then spontaneously
reacted with a broad range of unsaturated carboxylic acids and yielded
the corresponding vinyl bromide products. Selectivity issues arising
from the (here undesired) addition of water to the intermediate bromonium
ion could be solved by reaction medium engineering. The vinyl bromides
so obtained could be used as starting materials for a range of cross-coupling
and pericyclic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Sabry H. H. Younes
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, Delft 2629HZ, The Netherlands
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt
| | - Shaohang Chen
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Peigao Duan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Chengsen Cui
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin 300308, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Ron Wever
- Van’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1098 XH, The Netherlands
| | - Wuyuan Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin 300308, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Frank Hollmann
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, Delft 2629HZ, The Netherlands
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17
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Tanaka K, Kishimoto M, Tanaka Y, Kamiyama Y, Asada Y, Sukekawa M, Ohtsuka N, Suzuki T, Momiyama N, Honda K, Hoshino Y. Moderately Oxidizing Thioxanthylium Organophotoredox Catalysts for Radical-Cation Diels-Alder Reactions. J Org Chem 2022; 87:3319-3328. [PMID: 35142514 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Moderately oxidizing thioxanthylium photoredox catalysts that operate under irradiation with green light have been developed. These catalysts exhibit relatively moderate excited-state reduction potentials [E1/2(C*/C•-) = 1.75-1.94 V vs saturated calomel electrode (SCE)] and can efficiently promote radical-cation Diels-Alder reactions under irradiation with green light. Interestingly, β-halogenostyrenes (Ep/2 = 1.57-1.61 V vs SCE) are well tolerated, affording synthetically useful halocyclohexenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Tanaka
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - Mami Kishimoto
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - Yuta Tanaka
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kamiyama
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - Yosuke Asada
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - Mayumi Sukekawa
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - Naoya Ohtsuka
- Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan.,SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan
| | | | - Norie Momiyama
- Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan.,SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Honda
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - Yujiro Hoshino
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
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18
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Zheng Y, Wang ZW, Cheng WS, Xie ZZ, He XC, Chen YS, Chen K, Xiang HY, Chen XQ, Yang H. Phosphine-Mediated Morita-Baylis-Hillman-Type/Wittig Cascade: Access to E-Configured 3-Styryl- and 3-(Benzopyrrole/furan-2-yl) Quinolinones. J Org Chem 2022; 87:974-984. [PMID: 34985275 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A phosphine-mediated, well-designed Morita-Baylis-Hillman-type/Wittig cascade for the rapid assembly of a quinolinone framework from benzaldehyde derivatives is developed for the first time. By rationally combining I2/NIS-mediated cyclization, biologically relevant 3-(benzopyrrole/furan-2-yl) quinolinones were facilely synthesized in a one-pot process by starting from 3-styryl-quinolinones bearing an o-hydroxy/amino group, significantly expanding the chemical space of this privileged skeleton. Further utility of this protocol is illustrated by successfully performing this transformation in a catalytic manner through in situ reduction of phosphine oxide by phenylsilane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Wei Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Shuo Cheng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Zhen-Zhen Xie
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Xian-Chen He
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Shan Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Kai Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Hao-Yue Xiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Qing Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Hua Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
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19
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Tanaka K, Asada Y, Hoshino Y. A new cycloaddition profile for ortho-quinone methides: photoredox-catalyzed [6+4] cycloadditions for synthesis of benzo[ b]cyclopenta[ e]oxepines. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:2476-2479. [PMID: 35014637 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc06332d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Visible-light-induced [6+4] cycloaddition reactions of ortho-quinone methides have been developed. The reaction of ortho-quinone methides with pentafulvenes in the presence of a thioxanthylium photoredox catalyst afforded benzo[b]cyclopenta[e]oxepines. The present reaction represents a promising tool for the synthesis of natural products and bioactive compounds that contain a benzoxepine structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Tanaka
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan.
| | - Yosuke Asada
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan.
| | - Yujiro Hoshino
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan.
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20
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Grantham HF, Kimber MC. Dimeric Cyclobutane Formation Under Continuous Flow Conditions Using Organophotoredox‐Catalysed [2+2] Cycloaddition**. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.202100273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Helena F. Grantham
- School of Science Department of Chemistry Loughborough University Loughborough LE11 3TU UK
| | - Marc C. Kimber
- School of Science Department of Chemistry Loughborough University Loughborough LE11 3TU UK
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21
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Sicignano M, Rodríguez RI, Alemán J. Recent Visible Light and Metal Free Strategies in [2+2] and [4+2] Photocycloadditions. European J Org Chem 2021; 2021:3303-3321. [PMID: 34248414 PMCID: PMC8252406 DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
When aiming to synthesize molecules with elevated molecular complexity starting from relatively simple starting materials, photochemical transformations represent an open avenue to circumvent analogous multistep procedures. Specifically, light-mediated cycloadditions remain as powerful tools to generate new bonds begotten from non-very intuitive disconnections, that alternative thermal protocols would not offer. In response to the current trend in both industrial and academic research pointing towards green and sustainable processes, several strategies that meet these requirements are currently available in the literature. This Minireview summarizes [2+2] and [4+2] photocycloadditions that do not require the use of metal photocatalysts by means of alternative strategies. It is segmented according to the cycloaddition type in order to give the reader a friendly approach and we primarily focus on the most recent developments in the field carried out using visible light, a general overview of the mechanism in each case is offered as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Sicignano
- Organic Chemistry DepartmentMódulo 1Universidad Autónoma de Madrid28049MadridSpain
| | - Ricardo I. Rodríguez
- Organic Chemistry DepartmentMódulo 1Universidad Autónoma de Madrid28049MadridSpain
| | - José Alemán
- Organic Chemistry DepartmentMódulo 1Universidad Autónoma de Madrid28049MadridSpain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem)Universidad Autónoma de Madrid28049MadridSpain
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22
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Mu X, Li Y, Zheng N, Long J, Chen S, Liu B, Zhao C, Yang Z. Stereoselective Synthesis of Cyclohepta[
b
]indoles by Visible‐Light‐Induced [2+2]‐Cycloaddition/retro‐Mannich‐type Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202101104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin‐Peng Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics and Laboratory of Chemical Genomics School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
| | - Yuan‐He Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS) Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 P. R. China
| | - Nan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics and Laboratory of Chemical Genomics School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
| | - Jian‐Yu Long
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics and Laboratory of Chemical Genomics School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
| | - Si‐Jia Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics and Laboratory of Chemical Genomics School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
| | - Bing‐Yan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics and Laboratory of Chemical Genomics School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
| | - Chun‐Bo Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics and Laboratory of Chemical Genomics School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
| | - Zhen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics and Laboratory of Chemical Genomics School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS) Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 P. R. China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
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23
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Mu XP, Li YH, Zheng N, Long JY, Chen SJ, Liu BY, Zhao CB, Yang Z. Stereoselective Synthesis of Cyclohepta[b]indoles by Visible-Light-Induced [2+2]-Cycloaddition/retro-Mannich-type Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:11211-11216. [PMID: 33683807 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202101104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A novel method for the concise synthesis of cyclohepta[b]indoles in high yields was developed. The method involves a visible-light-induced, photocatalyzed [2+2]-cycloaddition/ retro-Mannich-type reaction of enaminones. Experimental and computational studies suggested that the reaction is a photoredox process initiated by single-electron oxidation of an enaminone moiety, which undergoes subsequent cyclobutane formation and rapidly fragmentation in a radical-cation state to form cyclohepta[b]indoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Peng Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics and Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Yuan-He Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Nan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics and Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Yu Long
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics and Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Si-Jia Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics and Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Bing-Yan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics and Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Chun-Bo Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics and Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics and Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China.,Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
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24
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A Rational Approach to Organo‐Photocatalysis: Novel Designs and Structure‐Property Relationships. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202006416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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25
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Vega‐Peñaloza A, Mateos J, Companyó X, Escudero‐Casao M, Dell'Amico L. A Rational Approach to Organo‐Photocatalysis: Novel Designs and Structure‐Property Relationships. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 60:1082-1097. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202006416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Vega‐Peñaloza
- Department of Chemical Sciences University of Padova Via Marzolo 1 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Javier Mateos
- Department of Chemical Sciences University of Padova Via Marzolo 1 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Xavier Companyó
- Department of Chemical Sciences University of Padova Via Marzolo 1 35131 Padova Italy
| | | | - Luca Dell'Amico
- Department of Chemical Sciences University of Padova Via Marzolo 1 35131 Padova Italy
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