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Singh G, Marupalli SS, Arockiaraj M, Rajeshkumar V. I 2-Cs 2CO 3 Mediated Intramolecular C2-Amination and Oxidative Rearrangement Cascade of C-3 Phenylthio Indoles: A Route to Synthesize Thiosulfonate-Embedded 2-Iminoindolin-3-ones. J Org Chem 2024; 89:5861-5870. [PMID: 38552213 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
An efficient, transition-metal-free protocol employing I2/Cs2CO3 for the synthesis of thiosulfonate containing 2-iminoindolin-3-ones motifs has been developed from C-3 phenylthio indoles. The reaction proceeded through intramolecular cyclization involving C-N bond formation, leading to the formation of indole-fused benzothiazines as a key intermediate. Remarkably, Cs2CO3 played a crucial role in the reaction as an oxygen source, enabling oxidative rearrangement with [1,4]-sulfonyl migration to furnish the final products with the formation of multiple functional groups such as C═O, C═N, and S-SO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gargi Singh
- Organic Synthesis & Catalysis Lab, Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Hanumakonda - 506004, Telangana, India
| | - Sasi Sree Marupalli
- Organic Synthesis & Catalysis Lab, Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Hanumakonda - 506004, Telangana, India
| | - Mariyaraj Arockiaraj
- Organic Synthesis & Catalysis Lab, Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Hanumakonda - 506004, Telangana, India
| | - Venkatachalam Rajeshkumar
- Organic Synthesis & Catalysis Lab, Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Hanumakonda - 506004, Telangana, India
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2
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Escolano M, Gaviña D, Alzuet-Piña G, Díaz-Oltra S, Sánchez-Roselló M, Pozo CD. Recent Strategies in the Nucleophilic Dearomatization of Pyridines, Quinolines, and Isoquinolines. Chem Rev 2024; 124:1122-1246. [PMID: 38166390 PMCID: PMC10902862 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
Dearomatization reactions have become fundamental chemical transformations in organic synthesis since they allow for the generation of three-dimensional complexity from two-dimensional precursors, bridging arene feedstocks with alicyclic structures. When those processes are applied to pyridines, quinolines, and isoquinolines, partially or fully saturated nitrogen heterocycles are formed, which are among the most significant structural components of pharmaceuticals and natural products. The inherent challenge of those transformations lies in the low reactivity of heteroaromatic substrates, which makes the dearomatization process thermodynamically unfavorable. Usually, connecting the dearomatization event to the irreversible formation of a strong C-C, C-H, or C-heteroatom bond compensates the energy required to disrupt the aromaticity. This aromaticity breakup normally results in a 1,2- or 1,4-functionalization of the heterocycle. Moreover, the combination of these dearomatization processes with subsequent transformations in tandem or stepwise protocols allows for multiple heterocycle functionalizations, giving access to complex molecular skeletons. The aim of this review, which covers the period from 2016 to 2022, is to update the state of the art of nucleophilic dearomatizations of pyridines, quinolines, and isoquinolines, showing the extraordinary ability of the dearomative methodology in organic synthesis and indicating their limitations and future trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Escolano
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Daniel Gaviña
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Gloria Alzuet-Piña
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Santiago Díaz-Oltra
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - María Sánchez-Roselló
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Carlos Del Pozo
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
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3
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Chen XY, Zheng H, Han Y, Sun J, Yan CG. The unique reactivity of 5,6-unsubstituted 1,4-dihydropyridine in the Huisgen 1,4-diploar cycloaddition and formal [2 + 2] cycloaddition. Beilstein J Org Chem 2023; 19:982-990. [PMID: 37404798 PMCID: PMC10315888 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.19.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The three-component reaction of isoquinolines, dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylates, and 5,6-unsubstituted 1,4-dihydropyridines in acetonitrile at room temperature afforded functionalized isoquinolino[1,2-f][1,6]naphthyridines in good yields and with high diastereoselectivity. More importantly, the formal [2 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylates and 5,6-unsubstituted 1,4-dihydropyridines in refluxing acetonitrile gave unique 2-azabicyclo[4.2.0]octa-3,7-dienes as major products and 1,3a,4,6a-tetrahydrocyclopenta[b]pyrroles as minor products via further rearrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Yu Chen
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Hui Zheng
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Ying Han
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Jing Sun
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Chao-Guo Yan
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, Yangzhou 225002, China
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4
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Harry NA, Ujwaldev SM. Recent advances in [5+2] cycloadditions. CURR ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272826666220510152025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract:
The existence of a seven-membered cyclic core in several natural products and biomolecules vitalized the research on its synthesis. [5+2] cycloaddition has become a promising strategy for the construction of seven-membered ring systems by the formation of carbon-carbon bonds in a single step, with strong regioselectivity and stereoselectivity. This review mainly focuses on recent developments in the area of [5+2] cycloaddition since 2019. Total synthesis of natural products involving [5+2] cycloaddition as key step leading to heptacyclic core is also discussed. Synthesis of fused and bridged ring systems via the reactions involving inter and intramolecular [5+2] cycloadditions like oxidopyrylium-mediated [5+2] cycloadditions, [5+2] cycloadditions of vinyl cyclopropanes (VCPs), vinyl phenols, etc is explained in the review with the latest examples. This review provides a useful guide for researchers exploring this powerful strategy to create more elegant heptacycles in their future research.
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Ali S, Khan AT. Metal-free synthesis of quinoline-2,4-dicarboxylate derivatives using aryl amines and acetylenedicarboxylates through a pseudo three-component reaction. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:7041-7050. [PMID: 34341812 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01188j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
An efficient, useful and one-pot protocol for the synthesis of quinoline-2,4-dicarboxylate scaffolds is accomplished from aryl amines and dimethyl/diethyl acetylenedicarboxylates using 20 mol% molecular iodine as a catalyst in acetonitrile at 80 °C. In addition, the mechanistic explanation for the formation of the desired products is disclosed. The pivotal role of molecular iodine in the formation of the major products, diester quinoline derivatives, and the minor product, triesters, in two cases is described in the mechanism. The notable advantages of this method are non-involvement of a metal catalyst, avoiding of metal contamination in the final product as well as waste generation, use of a low cost and eco-friendly catalyst, ease of handling, high regioselectivity, shorter reaction time, the formation of one C-N and two C-C bonds and a broad substrate scope with good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saghir Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, Assam, India.
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Yamasaki K, Yamauchi A, Inokuma T, Miyakawa Y, Wang Y, Oriez R, Yamaoka Y, Takasu K, Tanaka N, Kashiwada Y, Yamada K. Mechanistic Support for Intramolecular Migrative Cyclization of Propargyl Sulfones Provided by Catalytic Asymmetric Induction with a Chiral Counter Cation Strategy. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kohta Yamasaki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tokushima University Shomachi, Tokushima 770-8505 Japan
| | - Akiho Yamauchi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tokushima University Shomachi, Tokushima 770-8505 Japan
| | - Tsubasa Inokuma
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tokushima University Shomachi, Tokushima 770-8505 Japan
- Research Cluster on “Innovative Chemical Sensing” Tokushima University Shomachi, Tokushima 770-8505 Japan
| | - Yasunori Miyakawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Kyoto University Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Yinli Wang
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tokushima University Shomachi, Tokushima 770-8505 Japan
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Kyoto University Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Raphaël Oriez
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Kyoto University Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Yousuke Yamaoka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Kyoto University Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Kiyosei Takasu
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Kyoto University Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Naonobu Tanaka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tokushima University Shomachi, Tokushima 770-8505 Japan
| | - Yoshiki Kashiwada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tokushima University Shomachi, Tokushima 770-8505 Japan
| | - Ken‐ichi Yamada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tokushima University Shomachi, Tokushima 770-8505 Japan
- Research Cluster on “Innovative Chemical Sensing” Tokushima University Shomachi, Tokushima 770-8505 Japan
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7
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Kim DK, Son J, Jung I, Heo N, Han SH, Kim D, Lee PH. Sequential
N
‐Arylation and Intramolecular Imine Addition Reaction of Indoloazomethine Ylides with Arynes for the Synthesis of Thiadiazepine Derivatives. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202001310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dae Kyum Kim
- Department of Chemistry Kangwon National University Chuncheon 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong‐Yu Son
- Department of Chemistry Kangwon National University Chuncheon 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Ilyong Jung
- Department of Chemistry Kangwon National University Chuncheon 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Namrim Heo
- Department of Chemistry Kangwon National University Chuncheon 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Han
- Department of Chemistry Kangwon National University Chuncheon 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Dongwook Kim
- Department of Chemistry Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 3441 Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Phil Ho Lee
- The Korean Academy of Science and Technology Seongnam 13630 Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry Kangwon National University Chuncheon 24341 Republic of Korea
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Zhang G, Yu A, Lei Y, Meng X, Zhang L. Synthesis of novel pyridinium 1,5-zwitterions and their reactivity with isatin-based α-(trifluoromethyl)imines: a sulfur-controlled domino reaction. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00312g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new stable pyridinium 1,5-zwitterion, generated from azadiene and 4-dimethylaminopyridine, was isolated. The reaction of pyridinium 1,5-zwitterion and isatin-derived α-(trifluoromethyl)imine was regulated by temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoting Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Tianjin University of Technology
- Tianjin 300384
- P. R. China
| | - Aimin Yu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Tianjin University of Technology
- Tianjin 300384
- P. R. China
| | - Yingjie Lei
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Tianjin University of Technology
- Tianjin 300384
- P. R. China
| | - Xiangtai Meng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Tianjin University of Technology
- Tianjin 300384
- P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Tianjin Engineering Technology Center of Chemical Wastewater Source Reduction and Recycling
- School of Science Tianjin Chengjian University
- Tianjin 300384
- P.R. China
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