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Zhao D, Zhao Y, Xu T, He X, Hu S, Ayers PW, Liu S. Chiral Jahn-Teller Distortion in Quasi-Planar Boron Clusters. Molecules 2024; 29:1624. [PMID: 38611903 PMCID: PMC11013085 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
In this work, we have observed that some chiral boron clusters (B16-, B20-, B24-, and B28-) can simultaneously have helical molecular orbitals and helical spin densities; these seem to be the first compounds discovered to have this intriguing property. We show that chiral Jahn-Teller distortion of quasi-planar boron clusters drives the formation of the helical molecular spin densities in these clusters and show that elongation/enhancement in helical molecular orbitals can be achieved by simply adding more building blocks via a linker. Aromaticity of these boron clusters is discussed. Chiral boron clusters may find potential applications in spintronics, such as molecular magnets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongbo Zhao
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yilin Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Tianlv Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Xin He
- Qingdao Institute for Theoretical and Computational Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Shankai Hu
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Paul W. Ayers
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Shubin Liu
- Research Computing Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3420, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3290, USA
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Sburlati S, Gustafson A, Kahr B. Comparative rotatory power of bent and twisted polyynes. Chirality 2023; 35:838-845. [PMID: 37226985 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Linear polyynes of the formula C18 H2 (symmetry D∞h ) were bent in silico by progressively introducing CCC angles less than 180°. The bent structures (symmetry C2v ) were then twisted by introducing torsion angles across the CCCC segments by as much as 60°. The gyration tensors of these 19 structures (linear, bent, and twisted) were computed by linear response methods. Bending is massively generative of optical activity in oriented structures, even achiral structures, whereas twisting in conjunction with bending, serves to linearize the molecules and diminish maximally observable optical activity. This computational exercise is intended to unbind the infelicitous linkage of optical activity and chirality, which is only meaningful in isotropic media. Although bent structures are not optically active in solution-the spatial average of the optical activity is necessarily zero-solution measurements that deliver the spatial averages are a special class of measurements, albeit the overwhelmingly most common chiroptical measurements, that prejudice our common understanding of how π-conjugated structures generate gyration. Bending is far more effective than twisting at generating optical activity along some directions for oriented structures. The respective contributions from the transition electric dipole-magnetic dipole polarizability and the transition electric dipole-electric quadrupole polarizability are compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Sburlati
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Design Institute, New York University, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Afton Gustafson
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Design Institute, New York University, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Bart Kahr
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Design Institute, New York University, New York City, New York, USA
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3
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Muchova E, Hollas D, Holland DMP, Bacellar C, Leroy L, Barillot TR, Longetti L, Coreno M, de Simone M, Grazioli C, Chergui M, Ingle RA. Jahn-Teller effects in initial and final states: high-resolution X-ray absorption, photoelectron and Auger spectroscopy of allene. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:6733-6745. [PMID: 36799466 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp05299g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Carbon K-edge resonant Auger spectra of gas-phase allene following excitation of the pre-edge 1s → π* transitions are presented and analysed with the support of EOM-CCSD/cc-pVTZ calculations. X-Ray absorption (XAS), X-ray photoelectron (XPS), valence band and non-resonant Auger spectra are also reanalysed with a series of computational approaches. The results presented demonstrate the importance of including nuclear ensemble effects for simulating X-ray observables and as an effective strategy for capturing Jahn-Teller effects in spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Muchova
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Hollas
- Centre for Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | | | - Camila Bacellar
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Ultrarapide, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, ISIC, FSB, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ludmila Leroy
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Ultrarapide, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, ISIC, FSB, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thomas R Barillot
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Ultrarapide, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, ISIC, FSB, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Luca Longetti
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Ultrarapide, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, ISIC, FSB, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marcello Coreno
- ISM-CNR, Istituto di Struttura dei Materiali, LD2 Unit, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Cesare Grazioli
- IOM-CNR, Istituto Officina dei Materiali, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Majed Chergui
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Ultrarapide, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, ISIC, FSB, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rebecca A Ingle
- Department of Chemistry, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK.
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Stereochemistry of Chiral 2-Substituted Chromanes: Twist of the Dihydropyran Ring and Specific Optical Rotation. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28010439. [PMID: 36615631 PMCID: PMC9823451 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Chiral 2-substituted chromanes are important substructures in organic synthesis and appear in numerous natural products. Herein, the correlation between specific optical rotations (SORs) and the stereochemistry at C2 of chiral 2-substituted chromanes was investigated through data mining, quantum-chemical calculations using density functional theory (DFT), and mechanistic analyses. For 2-aliphatic (including acyloxy and alkenyl) chromanes, the P-helicity of the dihydropyran ring usually corresponds to a positive SOR; however, 2-aryl chromanes with P-helicity tend to exhibit negative SORs. 2-Carboxyl (including alkoxycarbonyl and carbonyl) chromanes often display small experimental SORs, and theoretical calculations for them are prone to error because of the fluctuating conformational distribution with computational parameters. Several typical compounds were discussed, including detailed descriptions of the asymmetric synthesis, absolute configuration (AC) assignment methods, and systematic conformational analysis. We hope this work will enrich the knowledge of the stereochemistry of chiral 2-substituted chromanes.
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Garner MH, Laplaza R, Corminboeuf C. Helical versus linear Jahn–Teller distortions in allene and spiropentadiene radical cations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:26134-26143. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp03544h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
The allene radical cation can be stabilized both by Jahn–Teller distortion of the bond lengths and by torsion of the end-groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc H. Garner
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique federale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ruben Laplaza
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique federale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Clemence Corminboeuf
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique federale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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6
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Bro-Jørgensen W, Garner MH, Solomon GC. Quantification of the Helicality of Helical Molecular Orbitals. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:8107-8115. [PMID: 34491758 PMCID: PMC8450904 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c05799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The frontier molecular orbital (MO) topology of linear carbon molecules, such as polyynes, can be visually identified as helices. However, there is no clear way to quantify the helical curvature of these π-MOs, and it is thus challenging to quantify correlations between the helical curvature and molecular properties. In this paper, we develop a method that enables us to compute the helical curvature of MOs based on their nodal planes. Using this method, we define a robust way of quantifying the helical nature of MOs (helicality) by their deviation from a perfect helix. We explore several limiting cases, including polyynes, metallacumulenes, cyclic allenes, and spiroconjugated systems, where the change in helical curvature is subtle yet clearly highlighted with this method. For example, we show that strain only has a minor effect on the helicality of the frontier orbitals of cycloallenes and that the MOs of spiroconjugated systems are close to perfect helices around the spiro-carbon. Our work provides a well-defined method for assessing orbital helicality beyond visual inspection of MO isosurfaces, thus paving the way for future studies of how the helicality of π-MOs affects molecular properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Bro-Jørgensen
- Department of Chemistry and Nano-Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Marc H Garner
- Department of Chemistry and Nano-Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Gemma C Solomon
- Department of Chemistry and Nano-Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
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Garner MH, Corminboeuf C. Helical electronic transitions of spiroconjugated molecules. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:6408-6411. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cc01904j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The π–π* transitions of disubstituted spiropentadiene become helical due to mixing of its two perpendicular π-systems. The helicity is symmetry-protected and gives rise to experimentally observable effects, such as optical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc H. Garner
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering
- Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
- Lausanne 1015
- Switzerland
| | - Clemence Corminboeuf
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering
- Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL)
- Lausanne 1015
- Switzerland
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8
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Pinter P, Munz D. Controlling Möbius-Type Helicity and the Excited-State Properties of Cumulenes with Carbenes. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:10100-10110. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c07940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Piermaria Pinter
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, General and Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dominik Munz
- Inorganic Chemistry: Coordination Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus Geb. C4.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, General and Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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