1
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Oksanen V, Rautiainen S, Wirtanen T. Nickel-Electrocatalyzed Synthesis of Bifuran-Based Monomers. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302572. [PMID: 37735957 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Bifuran motifs can be accessed with nickel-bipyridine electrocatalyzed homocouplings of bromine-substituted methyl furancarboxylates, which, in turn, can be prepared from hemicellulose-derived furfural. The described protocol uses sustainable carbon-based graphite electrodes in the simplest setup - an undivided cell with constant current electrolysis. The reported method avoids using a sacrificial anode by employing triethanolamine as an electron donor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valtteri Oksanen
- Industrial Synthesis & Catalysis, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., Box 1000, FI-02044, Espoo, Finland
| | - Sari Rautiainen
- Industrial Synthesis & Catalysis, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., Box 1000, FI-02044, Espoo, Finland
| | - Tom Wirtanen
- Industrial Synthesis & Catalysis, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., Box 1000, FI-02044, Espoo, Finland
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2
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Tang Z, Hong G, Sun S, Wang L. Electrochemically Enabled Direct C3-Formylation of Imidazopyridines with Me 3 N as a Carbonyl Source. Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202300001. [PMID: 36772840 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202300001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
A metal-free and oxidant-free electrochemically enabled strategy for C-3 formylation of imidazopyridines using trimethylamine as a one-carbon source has been established. This conversion has high functional group compatibility under mild conditions and ensures late-stage functionalization of pharmaceutical molecules. Furthermore, unexpected hexafluoroisopropoxylation products have been observed in some cases. Mechanistic studies using cyclic voltammetry and control experiments reveal the key intermediate of the formylation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicong Tang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, 200237, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Gang Hong
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, 200237, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Shiyun Sun
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, 200237, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Limin Wang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, 200237, Shanghai, P. R. China
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3
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Klein M, Waldvogel SR. Counter Electrode Reactions-Important Stumbling Blocks on the Way to a Working Electro-organic Synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202204140. [PMID: 35668714 PMCID: PMC9828107 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202204140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Over the past two decades, electro-organic synthesis has gained significant interest, both in technical and academic research as well as in terms of applications. The omission of stoichiometric oxidizers or reducing agents enables a more sustainable route for redox reactions in organic chemistry. Even if it is well-known that every electrochemical oxidation is only viable with an associated reduction reaction and vice versa, the relevance of the counter reaction is often less addressed. In this Review, the importance of the corresponding counter reaction in electro-organic synthesis is highlighted and how it can affect the performance and selectivity of the electrolytic conversion. A selection of common strategies and unique concepts to tackle this issue are surveyed to provide a guide to select appropriate counter reactions for electro-organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Klein
- Department of ChemistryJohannes Gutenberg University MainzDuesbergweg 10–1455128MainzGermany
| | - Siegfried R. Waldvogel
- Department of ChemistryJohannes Gutenberg University MainzDuesbergweg 10–1455128MainzGermany
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4
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Yang J, Ma J, Yan K, Tian L, Li B, Wen J. Electrochemical Ammonium Cation‐Assisted Hydropyridylation of Ketone‐Activated Alkenes: Experimental and Computational Mechanistic Studies. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202101361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianjing Yang
- Institute of Medicine and Materials Applied Technologies College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qufu Normal University Qufu Shandong 273165 People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Ma
- Institute of Medicine and Materials Applied Technologies College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qufu Normal University Qufu Shandong 273165 People's Republic of China
| | - Kelu Yan
- Institute of Medicine and Materials Applied Technologies College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qufu Normal University Qufu Shandong 273165 People's Republic of China
| | - Laijin Tian
- Institute of Medicine and Materials Applied Technologies College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qufu Normal University Qufu Shandong 273165 People's Republic of China
| | - Bingwen Li
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biophysics Institute of Biophysics Dezhou University Dezhou 253023 People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangwei Wen
- Institute of Medicine and Materials Applied Technologies College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qufu Normal University Qufu Shandong 273165 People's Republic of China
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5
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Yang J, Qin H, Yan K, Cheng X, Wen J. Advances in Electrochemical Hydrogenation Since 2010. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202101249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianjing Yang
- Institute of Medicine and Materials Applied Technologies College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qufu Normal University, Qufu Shandong 273165 People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyun Qin
- Institute of Medicine and Materials Applied Technologies College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qufu Normal University, Qufu Shandong 273165 People's Republic of China
| | - Kelu Yan
- Institute of Medicine and Materials Applied Technologies College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qufu Normal University, Qufu Shandong 273165 People's Republic of China
| | - Xingda Cheng
- Institute of Medicine and Materials Applied Technologies College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qufu Normal University, Qufu Shandong 273165 People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangwei Wen
- Institute of Medicine and Materials Applied Technologies College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qufu Normal University, Qufu Shandong 273165 People's Republic of China
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6
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Ma J, Yang J, Yan K, Sun X, Wei W, Tian L, Wen J. Electrochemical‐Induced C(sp
3
)−H Dehydrogenative Trimerization of Pyrazolones to Tripyrazolones. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ma
- Institute of Medicine and Materials Applied Technologies College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qufu Normal University, Qufu Shandong 273165 P. R. China
| | - Jianjing Yang
- Institute of Medicine and Materials Applied Technologies College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qufu Normal University, Qufu Shandong 273165 P. R. China
| | - Kelu Yan
- Institute of Medicine and Materials Applied Technologies College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qufu Normal University, Qufu Shandong 273165 P. R. China
| | - Xue Sun
- Institute of Medicine and Materials Applied Technologies College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qufu Normal University, Qufu Shandong 273165 P. R. China
| | - Wei Wei
- Institute of Medicine and Materials Applied Technologies College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qufu Normal University, Qufu Shandong 273165 P. R. China
| | - Laijin Tian
- Institute of Medicine and Materials Applied Technologies College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qufu Normal University, Qufu Shandong 273165 P. R. China
| | - Jiangwei Wen
- Institute of Medicine and Materials Applied Technologies College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qufu Normal University, Qufu Shandong 273165 P. R. China
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7
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Lin Y, Jin J, Wang C, Wan JP, Liu Y. Electrochemical C-H Halogenations of Enaminones and Electron-Rich Arenes with Sodium Halide (NaX) as Halogen Source for the Synthesis of 3-Halochromones and Haloarenes. J Org Chem 2021; 86:12378-12385. [PMID: 34392684 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Without employing an external oxidant, the simple synthesis of 3-halochromones and various halogenated electron-rich arenes has been realized with electrode oxidation by employing the simplest sodium halide (NaX, X = Cl, Br, I) as halogen source. This electrochemical method is advantageous for the simple and mild room temperature operation, environmental friendliness as well as broad substrate scope in both C-H bond donor and halogen source components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lin
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang330022, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Jin
- BioDuro-Sundia, 233 North FuTe Road, Shanghai200131, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaoli Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang330022, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie-Ping Wan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang330022, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunyun Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang330022, People's Republic of China
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8
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Parker PD, Hou X, Dong VM. Reducing Challenges in Organic Synthesis with Stereoselective Hydrogenation and Tandem Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:6724-6745. [PMID: 33891819 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c00750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Tandem catalysis enables the rapid construction of complex architectures from simple building blocks. This Perspective shares our interest in combining stereoselective hydrogenation with transformations such as isomerization, oxidation, and epimerization to solve diverse challenges. We highlight the use of tandem hydrogenation for preparing complex natural products from simple prochiral building blocks and present tandem catalysis involving transfer hydrogenation and dynamic kinetic resolution. Finally, we underline recent breakthroughs and opportunities for asymmetric hydrogenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick D Parker
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Xintong Hou
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Vy M Dong
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
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9
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Bai Y, Shi L, Zheng L, Ning S, Che X, Zhang Z, Xiang J. Electroselective and Controlled Reduction of Cyclic Imides to Hydroxylactams and Lactams. Org Lett 2021; 23:2298-2302. [PMID: 33683904 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An efficient and practical electrochemical method for selective reduction of cyclic imides has been developed using a simple undivided cell with carbon electrodes at room temperature. The reaction provides a useful strategy for the rapid synthesis of hydroxylactams and lactams in a controllable manner, which is tuned by electric current and reaction time, and exhibits broad substrate scope and high functional group tolerance even to reduction-sensitive moieties. Initial mechanistic studies suggest that the approach heavily relies on the utilization of amines (e.g., i-Pr2NH), which are able to generate α-aminoalkyl radicals. This protocol provides an efficient route for the cleavage of C-O bonds under mild conditions with high chemoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Bai
- The Center for Combinatorial Chemistry and Drug Discovery of Jilin University, The School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, 1266 Fujin Road, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P. R. China
| | - Lingling Shi
- The Center for Combinatorial Chemistry and Drug Discovery of Jilin University, The School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, 1266 Fujin Road, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P. R. China
| | - Lianyou Zheng
- The Center for Combinatorial Chemistry and Drug Discovery of Jilin University, The School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, 1266 Fujin Road, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P. R. China
| | - Shulin Ning
- The Center for Combinatorial Chemistry and Drug Discovery of Jilin University, The School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, 1266 Fujin Road, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P. R. China
| | - Xin Che
- The Center for Combinatorial Chemistry and Drug Discovery of Jilin University, The School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, 1266 Fujin Road, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P. R. China
| | - Zhuoqi Zhang
- The Center for Combinatorial Chemistry and Drug Discovery of Jilin University, The School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, 1266 Fujin Road, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P. R. China
| | - Jinbao Xiang
- The Center for Combinatorial Chemistry and Drug Discovery of Jilin University, The School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, 1266 Fujin Road, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P. R. China
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Qin H, Yang J, Yan K, Xue Y, Zhang M, Sun X, Wen J, Wang H. Electrochemical‐Induced Hydrogenation of Electron‐Deficient Internal Olefins and Alkynes with CH
3
OH as Hydrogen Donor. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202100022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongyun Qin
- Institute of Medicine and Materials Applied Technologies College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qufu Normal University Qufu, Shandong 273165 People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjing Yang
- Institute of Medicine and Materials Applied Technologies College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qufu Normal University Qufu, Shandong 273165 People's Republic of China
| | - Kelu Yan
- Institute of Medicine and Materials Applied Technologies College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qufu Normal University Qufu, Shandong 273165 People's Republic of China
| | - Yaxuan Xue
- Institute of Medicine and Materials Applied Technologies College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qufu Normal University Qufu, Shandong 273165 People's Republic of China
| | - Meichen Zhang
- Institute of Medicine and Materials Applied Technologies College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qufu Normal University Qufu, Shandong 273165 People's Republic of China
| | - Xuejun Sun
- Institute of Medicine and Materials Applied Technologies College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qufu Normal University Qufu, Shandong 273165 People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangwei Wen
- Institute of Medicine and Materials Applied Technologies College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qufu Normal University Qufu, Shandong 273165 People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Wang
- Institute of Medicine and Materials Applied Technologies College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qufu Normal University Qufu, Shandong 273165 People's Republic of China
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11
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Wen J, Yang X, Yan K, Qin H, Ma J, Sun X, Yang J, Wang H. Electroreductive C3 Pyridylation of Quinoxalin-2(1 H)-ones: An Effective Way to Access Bidentate Nitrogen Ligands. Org Lett 2021; 23:1081-1085. [PMID: 33439657 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c04296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The construction of functional N-containing active biomolecules and bidentate nitrogen ligands by electroreductive pyridylation of N-heteroaromatics is an eye-catching task and challenge. A simple and practical electroreductive-induced C3 pyridylation of quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones with readily available cyanopyridines is reported. More than 36 examples are supplied, and the reaction performed in >95% yield. The present protocol provides a convenient, efficient, and gram-scale synthesis strategy for a series of new types of potential bidentate nitrogen ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangwei Wen
- Institute of Medicine and Materials Applied Technologies, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273165, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoting Yang
- Institute of Medicine and Materials Applied Technologies, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273165, P. R. China
| | - Kelu Yan
- Institute of Medicine and Materials Applied Technologies, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273165, P. R. China
| | - Hongyun Qin
- Institute of Medicine and Materials Applied Technologies, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273165, P. R. China
| | - Jing Ma
- Institute of Medicine and Materials Applied Technologies, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273165, P. R. China
| | - Xuejun Sun
- Institute of Medicine and Materials Applied Technologies, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273165, P. R. China
| | - Jianjing Yang
- Institute of Medicine and Materials Applied Technologies, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273165, P. R. China
| | - Hua Wang
- Institute of Medicine and Materials Applied Technologies, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273165, P. R. China
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