1
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Heredia AA, Argüello JE, Schmidt LC. Metal- and base-free, aerobic photoredox catalysis with riboflavin to synthesize 2-substituted benzothiazoles. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:1064-1072. [PMID: 38205732 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01851b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Sustainable approaches for the synthesis of 2-substituted benzothiazoles are sought after for their use in organic chemistry, bioorganic chemistry, and industrial applications. Here, we described a visible light-driven photoredox catalytic cyclization of thioanilides to afford 2-substituted benzothiazoles using riboflavin as a photocatalyst, where oxygen is used as a clean oxidant and ethanol as a greener solvent. These results provide a new photochemical route for environmentally benign synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián A Heredia
- INFIQC-CONICET-UNC, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Juan E Argüello
- INFIQC-CONICET-UNC, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Luciana C Schmidt
- INFIQC-CONICET-UNC, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina.
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avda. de los Naranjos s/n, E-46022, Valencia, Spain
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2
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Yadav N, Bhatta SR, Moorthy JN. Visible Light-Induced Decomposition of Acyl Peroxides Using Isocyanides: Synthesis of Heteroarenes by Radical Cascade Cyclization. J Org Chem 2023; 88:5431-5439. [PMID: 37093050 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c03059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Visible light-mediated facile synthesis of heteroarenes, namely, isoquinolines, benzothiazoles, and quinazolines, is demonstrated by employing isocyanides and inexpensive acyl peroxides. It is shown for the first time that singlet-excited isocyanides decompose acyl peroxides into aryl/alkyl radicals. The latter attack isocyanides, yielding imidoyl radicals that subsequently cyclize to afford heteroarene products. The protocol involving radical cascade reactions obviates the requirement of any external photocatalyst, oxidant, additive, and base.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navin Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | - Sushil Ranjan Bhatta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | - Jarugu Narasimha Moorthy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram 695551, India
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3
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Srinivas B, Shakeena K, Kota DL, Abhinav V, Eswar P, Geetha Sravani R, Sampath Pavan Kumar A, Indukuri K, Dhanaraju KA, Murali Krishna Kumar M, Alla SK. Iron(III)-Catalyzed Regioselective Synthesis of Electron-Rich Benzothiazoles from Aryl Isothiocyanates via C-H Functionalization. J Org Chem 2023; 88:4458-4471. [PMID: 36912001 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c03078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
We report herein a direct synthetic route for the preparation of 2-arylbenzothiazoles using aryl isothiocyanates and electron-rich arenes. The synthetic route involves triflic acid promoted addition of the arenes to aryl isothiocyanates followed by FeCl3-catalyzed C-S bond formation via C-H functionalization. The approach provides the advantage of synthesis of benzothiazoles without the conventional use of aryl aldehyde/carboxylic acid precursors employing the less expensive iron(III) catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bokka Srinivas
- Department of Chemistry, GITAM School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Gandhi Nagar, Rushikonda, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh 530045, India
| | - Kotari Shakeena
- Department of Chemistry, GITAM School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Gandhi Nagar, Rushikonda, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh 530045, India
| | - Durgeswari Lakkavarapu Kota
- Department of Chemistry, GITAM School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Gandhi Nagar, Rushikonda, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh 530045, India
| | - Valeti Abhinav
- Department of Chemistry, GITAM School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Gandhi Nagar, Rushikonda, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh 530045, India
| | - Pyla Eswar
- Department of Chemistry, GITAM School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Gandhi Nagar, Rushikonda, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh 530045, India
| | - Rongali Geetha Sravani
- Department of Chemistry, GITAM School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Gandhi Nagar, Rushikonda, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh 530045, India
| | - Anandam Sampath Pavan Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, GITAM School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Gandhi Nagar, Rushikonda, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh 530045, India
| | - Kiran Indukuri
- Chemistry-Discovery Research Lab, Dextro Synthesis Private Limited, Hyderabad, Telangana 500090, India
| | | | | | - Santhosh Kumar Alla
- Department of Chemistry, GITAM School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Gandhi Nagar, Rushikonda, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh 530045, India
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4
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Efficient synthesis of 2-aryl benzothiazoles mediated by Vitreoscilla hemoglobin. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2022.112784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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5
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Volkov AA, Bugaenko DI, Bogdanov AV, Karchava AV. Visible-Light-Driven Thioesterification of Aryl Halides with Potassium Thiocarboxylates: Transition-Metal Catalyst-Free Incorporation of Sulfur Functionalities into an Aromatic Ring. J Org Chem 2022; 87:8170-8182. [PMID: 35653579 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Reactions of acceptor-substituted aryl iodides and bromides with potassium thiocarboxylates under white light irradiation allow for the preparation of S-aryl thioesters including synthetically versatile S-aryl thioacetates. This transition-metal and external photocatalyst-free method features extremely mild reaction conditions compared with those used in transition-metal-catalyzed protocols. Reactions proceed via the initial formation of an electron donor-acceptor (EDA) complex in the ground state, which was supported by UV-vis spectra. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spin-trapping experiments using phenyl-N-tert-butylnitrone (PBN) have revealed the radical nature of the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey A Volkov
- Department of Chemistry, Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia
| | - Dmitry I Bugaenko
- Department of Chemistry, Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia
| | - Alexey V Bogdanov
- Department of Chemistry, Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia
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6
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Wang ZJ, Zheng Y, Tang K, Guan JP, Ye ZP, He JT, Xiao JA, Chen K, Xiang HY, Yang H. Photoinduced Construction of a Benzothienopyridine- S,S-dioxide Framework Enabled by Polychloropyridyl Multifunctional Motifs. J Org Chem 2022; 87:4732-4741. [PMID: 35317557 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Reported herein is a visible-light-induced, catalyst-free intramolecular cyclization of 4-phenylsulfonyl-2,3,5,6-tetrachloropyridine, leading to rapid assembly of a series of unprecedented benzo[4,5]thieno[3,2-c]pyridine 5,5-dioxide scaffolds under mild conditions. The rational introduction of a perchloropyridin-4-yl module significantly facilitated this photoinduced process and offers a versatile platform for broad structural variation. Mechanistic studies revealed that a newly identified charge-transfer complex with carbonate is crucial to this photoinduced process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu-Jun Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Yu Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Kai Tang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Ping Guan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Peng Ye
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Jun-Tao He
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Jun-An Xiao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, P. R. China
| | - Kai Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Hao-Yue Xiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, P. R. China
| | - Hua Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
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7
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Ma L, Feng W, Xi Y, Chen X, Lin X. Mechanistic Insights into Visible-Light-Driven Dearomative Fluoroalkylation Mediated by an Electron Donor-Acceptor Complex. J Org Chem 2022; 87:944-951. [PMID: 35015541 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Electron donor-acceptor (EDA) complex photochemistry has become a burgeoning topic in the synthetic radical chemistry mediated by visible light; however, the theoretical insights into the reaction mechanisms are limited. Herein, accurate electronic structure calculations at the CASPT2//CASSCF/PCM level of theory were performed to investigate the paradigm example of EDA complex-enabled photoreaction for visible-light-driven dearomative perfluoroalkylation of β-naphthol. The excitation energy levels of the EDA complex are controlled by noncovalent interactions because the photoinduced intermolecular charge is enhanced when the noncovalent interaction becomes weaker, leading to the broad spectra ranging from UVA (<380 nm) to visible light (>500 nm). The competitiveness of the radical-radical coupling over the radical chain pathway is also regulated due to the tunable radical concentrations varying the excitation wavelength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lishuang Ma
- College of Science, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxu Feng
- College of Science, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, P. R. China
| | - Xuebo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China.,College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Xufeng Lin
- College of Science, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, P. R. China
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8
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Bugaenko DI, Karchava AV, Yurovskaya MA. Transition metal-free cross-coupling reactions with the formation of carbon-heteroatom bonds. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2022. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr5022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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9
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Badhani G, Joshi A, Adimurthy S. Ionic‐Liquid‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Imines, Benzimidazoles, Benzothiazoles, Quinoxalines and Quinolines through C−N, C−S, and C−C Bond Formation. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202101135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Badhani
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad CSIR-Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute G. B. Marg Bhavnagar 364 002 Gujarat India
| | - Abhisek Joshi
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad CSIR-Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute G. B. Marg Bhavnagar 364 002 Gujarat India
| | - Subbarayappa Adimurthy
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad CSIR-Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute G. B. Marg Bhavnagar 364 002 Gujarat India
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10
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Nandy A, Sekar G. KO tBu-Promoted Halogen-Bond-Assisted Intramolecular C-S Cross-Coupling of o-Iodothioanilides for the Synthesis of 2-Substituted Benzothiazoles. J Org Chem 2021; 86:15825-15834. [PMID: 34644084 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
An efficacious and mild KOtBu-promoted intramolecular C-S cross-coupling of ortho-iodothioanilides in conjunction with a catalytic quantity of phenanthroline as an additive has been described for the convenient synthesis of 2-substituted benzothiazoles. The methodology is suitable for attaining a wide variety of 2-alkyl- and 2-aryl-substituted benzothiazoles. Single-crystal XRD, DFT calculations, NMR, and UV studies suggest that halogen bonds between the units of ortho-iodothioanilides may assist in the electron transfer process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuradha Nandy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600 036, India
| | - Govindasamy Sekar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600 036, India
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11
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Goswami M, Dutta A, Paul P, Nongkhlaw R. Recent Developments on Catalyst‐Free, Visible‐Light‐Triggered Synthesis of Heterocyclic Scaffolds and Their Mechanistic Study. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202102696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Munmee Goswami
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry Department of Chemistry North-Eastern Hill University Shillong 793022 INDIA
| | - Arup Dutta
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry Department of Chemistry North-Eastern Hill University Shillong 793022 INDIA
| | - Pooja Paul
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry Department of Chemistry North-Eastern Hill University Shillong 793022 INDIA
| | - Rishanlang Nongkhlaw
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry Department of Chemistry North-Eastern Hill University Shillong 793022 INDIA
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12
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Bhattacharya A, Thirupathi A, Natarajan P, Peruncheralathan S. Chemoselective Ullmann Reaction of α-Trisubstituted Thioamides: Synthesis of Novel 2-Iminobenzothiolanes. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:21169-21180. [PMID: 34423225 PMCID: PMC8375098 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c03410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
New classes of unexplored benzo[b]thiolanes are synthesized from trisubstituted thioamides through copper-catalyzed intramolecular S-arylation of thioamides for the first time. This method provides good to excellent yields with fully controlled chemoselectivity. Unusually, iminobenzo[b]thiolanes are very stable under mild acidic conditions. A plausible mechanism is proposed for the chemoselective S-arylation process.
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