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Li W, Diao C, Lu Y, Li H. Photoinduced Vicinal Sulfamoyloximation of Alkenes: Harnessing Bifunctional Nitrosamines via a Rapid Radical Trapping Strategy. Org Lett 2024; 26:6253-6258. [PMID: 39018472 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c02245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
We developed a photoinduced method for vicinal sulfamoyloximation of alkenes using N-nitrosamines as bifunctional reagents, with DABSO serving as both a sulfonyl source and a rapid aminyl radical trap. This strategy prevents radical recombination, enabling bifunctional activation under neutral conditions to generate key sulfamoyl radicals. It accommodates broad substrate scope and functional group compatibility, enabling late-stage modifications of bioactive molecules and expanding sulfonamide diversity in organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Chenchen Diao
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Yilian Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Huaifeng Li
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
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2
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Di Terlizzi L, Nicchio L, Protti S, Fagnoni M. Visible photons as ideal reagents for the activation of coloured organic compounds. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:4926-4975. [PMID: 38596901 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs01129a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
In recent decades, the traceless nature of visible photons has been exploited for the development of efficient synthetic strategies for the photoconversion of colourless compounds, namely, photocatalysis, chromophore activation, and the formation of an electron donor/acceptor (EDA) complex. However, the use of photoreactive coloured organic compounds is the optimal strategy to boost visible photons as ideal reagents in synthetic protocols. In view of such premises, the present review aims to provide its readership with a collection of recent photochemical strategies facilitated via direct light absorption by coloured molecules. The protocols have been classified and presented according to the nature of the intermediate/excited state achieved during the transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Di Terlizzi
- PhotoGreen Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Luca Nicchio
- PhotoGreen Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Stefano Protti
- PhotoGreen Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Maurizio Fagnoni
- PhotoGreen Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
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3
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Yuan PF, Huang XT, Long L, Huang T, Sun CL, Yu W, Wu LZ, Chen H, Liu Q. Regioselective Dearomative Amidoximation of Nonactivated Arenes Enabled by Photohomolytic Cleavage of N-nitrosamides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202317968. [PMID: 38179800 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202317968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Dearomative spirocyclization reactions represent a promising means to convert arenes into three-dimensional architectures; however, controlling the regioselectivity of radical dearomatization with nonactivated arenes to afford the spirocyclizative 1,2-difunctionalization other than its kinetically preferred 1,4-difunctionalization is exceptionally challenging. Here we disclose a novel strategy for dearomative 1,2- or 1,4-amidoximation of (hetero)arenes enabled by direct visible-light-induced homolysis of N-NO bonds of nitrosamides, giving rise to various highly regioselective amidoximated spirocycles that previously have been inaccessible or required elaborate synthetic efforts. The mechanism and origins of the observed regioselectivities were investigated by control experiments and density functional theory calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan-Feng Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xie-Tian Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Linhong Long
- CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Tao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Chun-Lin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Wei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Li-Zhu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Hui Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
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4
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Soto J. Identification of the Photoreactive Species of Protonated N-Nitrosopiperidine in Acid Medium: A CASPT2 and DFT Study. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:9781-9786. [PMID: 37948763 PMCID: PMC10683013 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c06477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we have studied the initial reaction step after photoexcitation of protonated N-nitrosopiperidine both in the gas and condensed phases. To achieve this end, we have applied the CASPT2 and MP2 wave function methods and the density functional theory approach. It is found that the site of protonation of N-nitrosopiperidine in acid medium depends on the solvent: protonation occurs at the oxygen atom in protic solvents, while in aprotic solvents, the proton is bonded at the N-atom of the amine moiety. Furthermore, protonation at such an N-atom is the unique protonated species that absorbs in the visible range and directly dissociates into aminium radical cation and nitric oxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Soto
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Málaga, Malaga 29071, Spain
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5
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Wang Z, Wierich N, Zhang J, Daniliuc CG, Studer A. Alkyl Radical Generation from Alkylboronic Pinacol Esters through Substitution with Aminyl Radicals. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:8770-8775. [PMID: 37058606 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c01129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Alkylboronic pinacol esters (APEs) are highly versatile reagents in organic synthesis. However, the direct generation of alkyl radicals from commonly used, bench-stable APEs has not been well explored. In this communication, alkyl radical generation from APEs through reaction with aminyl radicals is reported. The aminyl radicals are readily generated by visible-light-induced homolytic cleavage of the N-N bond in N-nitrosamines, and C radical generation occurs through nucleohomolytic substitution at boron. As an application, the highly efficient photochemical radical alkyloximation of alkenes with APEs and N-nitrosamines under mild conditions is presented. A wide range of primary, secondary, and tertiary APEs engage in this transformation that is easily scaled up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wang
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Nick Wierich
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Constantin G Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Armido Studer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
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Si T, Cho H, Kim HY, Oh K. ortho-Naphthoquinone-Catalyzed Aerobic Hydrodeamination of Aryl Amines via in Situ De-diazotization of Aryl Diazonium Species. Org Lett 2022; 24:8531-8535. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tengda Si
- Center for Metareceptome Research, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak, Seoul06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Hana Cho
- Center for Metareceptome Research, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak, Seoul06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Hun Young Kim
- Department of Global Innovative Drugs, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak, Seoul06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungsoo Oh
- Center for Metareceptome Research, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak, Seoul06974, Republic of Korea
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Patil DV, Lee Y, Kim HY, Oh K. Visible-Light-Promoted Photoaddition of N-Nitrosopiperidines to Alkynes: Continuous Flow Chemistry Approach to Tetrahydroimidazo[1,2- a]pyridine 1-Oxides. Org Lett 2022; 24:5840-5844. [PMID: 35921551 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The photoaddition of N-nitrosopiperidines to terminal alkynes was effected under visible-light irradiation, in which a novel synthetic access to tetrahydroimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine 1-oxides was achieved via the dehydrogenative cycloisomerization of β-nitroso enamine intermediates. The decomposition pathways of N-nitrosamines, alkynes, and β-nitroso enamine intermediates were better handled in a continuous flow setting through the diffusion control of chemical species that negatively affected the formation of tetrahydroimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine 1-oxides under batch reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilip V Patil
- Center for Metareceptome Research, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Yulim Lee
- Center for Metareceptome Research, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Hun Young Kim
- Department of Global Innovative Drugs, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungsoo Oh
- Center for Metareceptome Research, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
Synthetic chemists have long focused on selective C(sp 3)-N bond-forming approaches in response to the high value of this motif in natural products, pharmaceutical agents and functional materials. In recent years, visible light-induced protocols have become an important synthetic platform to promote this transformation under mild reaction conditions. These photo-driven methods rely on converting visible light into chemical energy to generate reactive but controllable radical species. This Review highlights recent advances in this area, mostly after 2014, with an emphasis placed on C(sp 3)-H bond activations, including amination of olefins and carbonyl compounds, and cross-coupling reactions.
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Baek J, Si T, Kim HY, Oh K. Bioinspired o-Naphthoquinone-Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidation of Alcohols to Aldehydes and Ketones. Org Lett 2022; 24:4982-4986. [PMID: 35796666 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A biomimetic alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH)-like oxidation protocol was developed using an ortho-naphthoquinone catalyst in the presence of a catalytic amount of base. The developed organocatalytic aerobic oxidation protocol proceeds through the intramolecular 1,5-hydrogen atom transfer of naphthalene alkoxide intermediates, a mechanistically distinctive feature from the previous alcohol dehydrogenase mimics that require metals in the active form of catalysts. The ADH-like aerobic oxidation protocol should provide green alternatives to the existing stoichiometric and metal-catalyzed alcohol oxidation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisun Baek
- Center for Metareceptome Research, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Tengda Si
- Center for Metareceptome Research, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Hun Young Kim
- Department of Global Innovative Drugs, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungsoo Oh
- Center for Metareceptome Research, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
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11
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Ruan HL, Ma YL, Man KX, Zhao SY. Transition-Metal-Free Radical-Triggered Hydrosulfonylation and Disulfonylation Reaction of Substituted Maleimides with Sulfonyl Hydrazides. J Org Chem 2022; 87:3762-3769. [PMID: 35168325 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A convenient and practical hydrosulfonylation and disulfonylation of substituted maleimides was realized using sulfonyl hydrazides as the sulfur reagent and tert-butyl hydroperoxide as the oxidant. The advantages of the reactions include mild and transition-metal-free reaction conditions, good functional group tolerance, and readily available starting materials. The radical species-induced pathway is also demonstrated by mechanistic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Li Ruan
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, No. 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Lin Ma
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, No. 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Ke-Xin Man
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, No. 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Sheng-Yin Zhao
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, No. 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
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12
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Yuan PF, Huang T, He J, Huang XT, Jin XL, Sun C, Wu LZ, Liu Q. Controllable Z/ E-selective synthesis of α-amino-ketoximes from N-nitrososulfonamides and aryl alkenes under neutral conditions. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01101d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
An amidoximation of alkenes with N-nitrososulfonamides enabled by triplet energy transfer under neutral conditions is presented. Both (Z)- and (E)-α-amino-ketoximes are selectively accessible depending on the triplet energy of the photosensitizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan-Feng Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Tao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jian He
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xie-Tian Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiao-Ling Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Chunlin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Li-Zhu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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