Asymmetric Counteranion Directed Catalytic Heck/Tsuji-Trost Annulation of Aryl Iodides and 1,3-Dienes

Pd-Catalyzed Enantioselective Three-Component Carboamination of 1,3-Cyclohexadiene

Asymmetric Pd-catalyzed three-component carboamination reactions of dienes to construct chiral cyclohexenylamines, which are of great importance in many fields of chemistry, have remained largely unexplored. Here, we demonstrate a highly enantio- and regioselective Pd/Ming-Phos-catalyzed carboamination reactions of 1,3-cyclohexadiene with readily available aryl iodides and anilines for facile access to diverse valuable chiral cyclohexenylamines. The process shows excellent functional group tolerance, easy scalability, and mild conditions. Moreover, mechanistic studies suggest that this reaction has a first-order dependence on the concentration of the palladium catalyst and aniline.

Recent Advances in Palladium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Heck/Tsuji-Trost Reactions of 1,n-Dienes

Transition-metal catalyzed tandem asymmetric reactions were powerful tools to access various chiral compounds. Many strategies have been developed for the coupling of 1,n-dienes with aryl halides via a tandem Heck/Tsuji-Trost process. However, the control of regio- and stereo-chemistry remains a challenging task. This minireview details the recent advances in the field of asymmetric Heck/Tsuji-Trost reactions catalyzed by palladium complex, which have opened new opportunities and expanded our understanding in this area of research in recent years.

Palladium-Catalyzed Regiodivergent Three-Component Alkenylamination of 1,3-Dienes with Alkyl and Aryl Amines

We report a palladium-catalyzed method for 4,3- or 4,1-selective alkenylamination of terminal dienes. Three-component couplings proceed with alkenyl triflates and several amines, giving vicinal carboamination with a Xantphos-supported catalyst and distal difunctionalization with a phosphoramidite ligand. A number of constitutionally different disubstituted dienes also participate in regiodivergent carboaminations. Experimental evidence indicates that selectivity in the Xantphos reactions is largely influenced by the substrate, whereas the phosphoramidite-promoted process is catalyst controlled, orchestrated by a key π-stacking interaction among the ligand, solvent, and substrate.

Asymmetric cascades of the π-allyl complex: a journey from transition-metal catalysis to metallaphotocatalysis

The enantioselective catalytic cascade involving Tsuji-Trost allylation has provided a viable strategy for the construction of multiple asymmetric C-C and C-X centres and numerous methods have been developed around it for the synthesis of various vital scaffolds. The synthetic utility of this strategy was enhanced by replacing the customary allyl acetates with ethylene diacetates/dicarbonates, vinyl epoxides, vinyl oxetanes, vinyl ethylene carbonates, vinyl cyclopropanes, enynes, and dienes using transition-metal catalysis. One more milestone was achieved when metallaphotocatalysis provided the necessary platform for these cascades by using a cheaper metal. This review will provide a summary of these enantioselective catalytic cascades from 2015.

Recent Advancement in H8-BINOL Catalyzed Asymmetric Methodologies

H₈-BINOL, a partially reduced form of BINOL, is widely employed in a broad array of organocatalyzed asymmetric methodologies. Over the last 25 years, asymmetric organocatalysis has witnessed an incredible improvement, and an advancement still continues to get a single enantio-enriched product. The broad-spectrum applications of H₈-BINOL organocatalyst in C-C bond formation, C-heteroatom bond construction, name reactions, pericyclic reactions, and one pot and multicomponent reaction are attracting the attention of researchers. A diversified unique H₈-BINOL-based catalyst has been synthesized and screened for catalytic activity. In this Review we frame out the H₈-BINOL catalyzed novel discoveries from the last two decades.

Pd-Catalyzed Heteroannulation Using N-Arylureas as a Sterically Undemanding Ligand Platform

We report the development of ureas as sterically undemanding pro-ligands for Pd catalysis. N-Arylureas outperform phosphine ligands for the Pd-catalyzed heteroannulation of N-tosyl-o-bromoanilines and 1,3-dienes, engaging diverse coupling partners for the preparation of 2-subsituted indolines, including sterically demanding substrates that have not previously been tolerated. Experimental and computational studies on model Pd-urea and Pd-ureate complexes are consistent with monodentate binding through the nonsubstituted nitrogen, which is uncommon for metal-ureate complexes.

Palladium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Tandem Denitrogenative Heck/Tsuji-Trost of Benzotriazoles with 1,3-Dienes

The asymmetric denitrogenative cycloaddition has emerged as a powerful tool to build chiral aza-heterocyles. However, only one example of asymmetric denitrogenative cycloaddition of benzotriazole with unsaturated hydrocarbons has been explored so far, because the ring-opening of benzotriazole to generate α-imino metal carbenoid species is a thermodynamically unfavorable process. We herein report an efficient asymmetric denitrogenative cycloaddition of benzotriazoles with cyclic and acyclic 1,3-dienes enabled by Pd and chiral sulfonamide phosphine ligand. A variety of substituted hexahydrocarbazoles and indolines were delivered in good yields with high ee values. Interestingly, a pair of enantiomers could be obtained with the use of Xu1 and PC2 with the same absolute configuration. The synthetic utilities of the optically active hexahydrocarbazoles were also showcased.