1
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Singh S, Singh RP. Polar-Effect-Directed Control in Site-Selectivity of Radical Substitution Enables C-H Perfluoroalkylation of Coumarins. J Org Chem 2024. [PMID: 39327096 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c01469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
A novel Ru-catalyzed protocol for C-7 selective C-H trifluoromethylation of coumarins in the presence of light is presented. This reaction undergoes a radical type nucleophilic substitution instead of a radical type electrophilic substitution owing to the benzocore activation as a result of lowering the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashank Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, Delhi 110016, India
| | - Ravi P Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, Delhi 110016, India
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2
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Yang F, Xie JH, Zhou QL. Highly Efficient Asymmetric Hydrogenation Catalyzed by Iridium Complexes with Tridentate Chiral Spiro Aminophosphine Ligands. Acc Chem Res 2023; 56:332-349. [PMID: 36689780 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.2c00764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
ConspectusCatalytic asymmetric hydrogenation is one of the most reliable, powerful, and environmentally benign methods for the synthesis of chiral molecules with high atom economy and has been successfully applied in the industrial production of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and fragrances. The key to achieving highly efficient and highly enantioselective hydrogenation reactions is the design and synthesis of chiral catalysts.Our recent studies involving iridium complexes of bidentate chiral spiro aminophosphine ligands (Ir-SpiroAP) have revealed that adding another coordinating group on the nitrogen atom to form a tridentate ligand can provide catalysts with markedly higher stability, enantioselectivity, and efficiency. Specifically, chiral Ir-SpiroAP catalysts bearing an added pyridine group (designated Ir-SpiroPAP) exhibit high activity and excellent enantioselectivity in the asymmetric hydrogenation of a wide range of carbonyl compounds, including aryl ketones, β- and δ-ketoesters, α,β-unsaturated ketones and esters, and racemic α-substituted lactones, as well as highly electron-deficient alkenes such as α,β-unsaturated malonates and analogues. The efficiency of the Ir-SpiroPAP catalysts is extremely high: in the hydrogenation of aryl ketones, turnover numbers reach 4.5 million, which is the highest value reported to date for a molecular catalyst. Moreover, when a thioether or a bulky triarylphosphine group is added to afford tridentate ligands designated SpiroSAP and SpiroPNP, respectively, the resulting iridium catalysts show high efficiency and enantioselectivity for asymmetric hydrogenation of β-alkyl-β-ketoesters and dialkyl ketones, which are challenging substrates. Furthermore, chiral spiro catalysts containing an added oxazoline moiety (Ir-SpiroOAP) show high enantioselectivity for asymmetric hydrogenation of α-keto amides and racemic α-aryloxy lactones. The above-described catalysts have been used for enantioselective synthesis of chiral pharmaceuticals and other bioactive compounds.We have shown that chiral spiro ligands that combine a rigid skeleton with tridentate coordination stabilize iridium catalysts. The careful tailoring of the substituents on the ligand creates a chiral environment around the active metal center of the catalyst that can precisely discriminate between the two faces of a substrate carbonyl group. These factors are key for controlling the activity, enantioselectivity, and turnover numbers of asymmetric hydrogenation catalysts. We expect that catalysts based on iridium, and other transition metals, coordinated by tridentate chiral ligands with a rigid skeleton will find more applications in asymmetric hydrogenation and other asymmetric transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin300071, China
| | - Jian-Hua Xie
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin300071, China
| | - Qi-Lin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin300071, China
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3
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Nie Y, Yuan Q, Gao F, Terada M, Zhang W. Iridium-Catalyzed Double Asymmetric Hydrogenation of 2,5-Dialkylienecyclopentanones for the Synthesis of Chiral Cyclopentanones. Org Lett 2022; 24:7878-7882. [PMID: 36264061 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report an efficient iridium-catalyzed double asymmetric hydrogenation of 2,5-dialkylienecyclopentanones, delivering the chiral 2,5-disubstituted cyclopentanones in excellent yields and stereoselectivities. The results of the kinetic experiments and control experiments indicated that the two C═C bonds were hydrogenated in a stepwise manner and the second stereocenter was synergistically controlled by the chiral catalyst and the chirality of monohydrogenated product. The hydrogenated products can be prepared on a gram-scale and are easily derivatized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Nie
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Qianjia Yuan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Feng Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Masahiro Terada
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Wanbin Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
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4
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Li S, Zhang D, Zhang R, Bai S, Zhang X. Rhodium‐Catalyzed Chemo‐, Regio‐ and Enantioselective Hydroformylation of Cyclopropyl‐Functionalized Trisubstituted Alkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202206577. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202206577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuailong Li
- Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Small Molecule Drug Discovery and Synthesis Southern University of Science and Technology 1088 Xueyuan Road Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Dequan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Small Molecule Drug Discovery and Synthesis Southern University of Science and Technology 1088 Xueyuan Road Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Runtong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Small Molecule Drug Discovery and Synthesis Southern University of Science and Technology 1088 Xueyuan Road Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Shao‐Tao Bai
- Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Small Molecule Drug Discovery and Synthesis Southern University of Science and Technology 1088 Xueyuan Road Shenzhen 518055 China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis Southern University of Science and Technology 1088 Xueyuan Road Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Xumu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Small Molecule Drug Discovery and Synthesis Southern University of Science and Technology 1088 Xueyuan Road Shenzhen 518055 China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis Southern University of Science and Technology 1088 Xueyuan Road Shenzhen 518055 China
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5
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Dagar N, Singh S, Raha Roy S. Synergistic Effect of Cerium in Dual Photoinduced Ligand-to-Metal Charge Transfer and Lewis Acid Catalysis: Diastereoselective Alkylation of Coumarins. J Org Chem 2022; 87:8970-8982. [PMID: 35759362 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report the dual role of cerium to promote the photoinduced ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT) process for the generation of the alkyl radical and subsequent Lewis acid catalysis to construct stereodefined C-C bonds. This paradigm utilized ubiquitous carboxylic acids as alkyl radical surrogates and offers excellent diastereoselectivity for the formation of C-4 alkylated coumarins in good to excellent yield. UV-vis spectroscopy studies in combination with in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy are consistent with the proposed mechanism, supporting the participation of the CeIV-carboxylate complex in photoinduced LMCT and its subsequent homolysis to generate the alkyl radial through the exclusion of CO2. Finally, the oxophilicity of cerium enables a two-point complexation with the in situ generated enolate intermediate and facilitates the diastereoselective protonation to form the desired product. Furthermore, this mild and atom-economical catalytic manifolds allow the late-stage modification of pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Dagar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Swati Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Sudipta Raha Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
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6
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Li S, Zhang D, Zhang R, Bai S, Zhang X. Chemo‐, Regio‐ and Enantioselective Hydroformylation of Cyclopropyl‐Functionalized Trisubstituted Alkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202206577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuailong Li
- Southern University of Science and Technology Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Small Molecule Drug Discovery and Synthesis CHINA
| | - Dequan Zhang
- Southern University of Science and Technology Department of Biology Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Small Molecule Drug Discovery and Synthesis CHINA
| | - Runtong Zhang
- Southern University of Science and Technology Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Small Molecule Drug Discovery and Synthesis CHINA
| | - Shaotao Bai
- Southern University of Science and Technology Department of Chemistry, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Small Molecule Drug Discovery and Synthesis, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis Xueyuan BlvdNo.1088 518055 Shenzhen CHINA
| | - Xumu Zhang
- Southern University of Science and Technology Chemistry 1088 Xueyuan Avenue 518055 Shenzhen CHINA
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7
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Mazodze CM, Petersen WF. Silver-catalysed double decarboxylative addition-cyclisation-elimination cascade sequence for the synthesis of quinolin-2-ones. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:3469-3474. [PMID: 35420621 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00521b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
An atom-efficient silver-catalysed double carboxylative strategy for the one-step synthesis of quinolin-2-ones via an addition-cyclisation-elimination cascade sequence of oxamic acids to acrylic acids, mediated either thermally or photochemically, is reported. The reaction was applicable to the synthesis of a broad range of quinolin-2-ones and featured a double-disconnection approach that constructed the quinolin-2-one core via the formal and direct addition of a C(sp2)-H/C(sp2)-H olefin moiety to a phenylformamide precursor.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Munashe Mazodze
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town, 7700, South Africa.
| | - Wade F Petersen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town, 7700, South Africa.
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8
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Yin C, Pan Y, Zhang X, Yin Q. Catalytic Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Tetrasubstituted Unsaturated Lactams: An Efficient Approach to Enantioenriched 3,4-Disubstituted Piperidines. Org Lett 2022; 24:675-680. [PMID: 35005963 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c04132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Asymmetric hydrogenation of tetrasubstituted alkenes remains a formidable challenge in asymmetric catalysis. We report herein an unprecedented Rh-catalyzed enantioselective and diastereoselective hydrogenation of easily accessed α,β-disubstituted unsaturated lactams to afford synthetically valuable chiral lactams with 1,2-consecutive stereocenters. The reaction could be performed on the gram scale, and the products could be concisely transformed to enantiomerically pure trans-3,4-disubstituted piperidines, which are prevalent structural units in medicinal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Yin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Yingmin Pan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Xumu Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Qin Yin
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
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9
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Hu T, Lückemeier L, Daniliuc C, Glorius F. Ru-NHC-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation of 2-Quinolones to Chiral 3,4-Dihydro-2-Quinolones. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:23193-23196. [PMID: 34460127 PMCID: PMC8596914 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202108503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Direct enantioselective hydrogenation of unsaturated compounds to generate chiral three-dimensional motifs is one of the most straightforward and important approaches in synthetic chemistry. We realized the Ru(II)-NHC-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of 2-quinolones under mild reaction conditions. Alkyl-, aryl- and halogen-substituted optically active dihydro-2-quinolones were obtained in high yields with moderate to excellent enantioselectivities. The reaction provides an efficient and atom-economic pathway to construct simple chiral 3,4-dihydro-2-quinolones. The desired products could be further reduced to tetrahydroquinolines and octahydroquinolones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianjiao Hu
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterOrganisch-Chemisches InstitutCorrensstrasse 3648149MünsterGermany
| | - Lukas Lückemeier
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterOrganisch-Chemisches InstitutCorrensstrasse 3648149MünsterGermany
| | - Constantin Daniliuc
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterOrganisch-Chemisches InstitutCorrensstrasse 3648149MünsterGermany
| | - Frank Glorius
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterOrganisch-Chemisches InstitutCorrensstrasse 3648149MünsterGermany
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10
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Hu T, Lückemeier L, Daniliuc C, Glorius F. Ru‐NHC‐katalysierte asymmetrische Hydrierung von 2‐Chinolonen zu chiralen 3,4‐Dihydro‐2‐chinolonen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202108503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tianjiao Hu
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Organisch-Chemisches Institut Corrensstraße 36 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Lukas Lückemeier
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Organisch-Chemisches Institut Corrensstraße 36 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Constantin Daniliuc
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Organisch-Chemisches Institut Corrensstraße 36 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Frank Glorius
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Organisch-Chemisches Institut Corrensstraße 36 48149 Münster Deutschland
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