1
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Koike T, Yu JK, Hansmann MM. Ph 3PCN 2: A stable reagent for carbon-atom transfer. Science 2024; 385:305-311. [PMID: 39024456 DOI: 10.1126/science.ado4564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Precise modification of a chemical site in a molecule at the single-atom level is one of the most elegant yet difficult transformations in chemistry. A reagent specifically designed for chemoselective introduction of monoatomic carbon is a particularly formidable challenge. Here, we report a straightforward, azide-free synthesis of a crystalline and isolable diazophosphorus ylide, Ph3PCN2, a stable compound with a carbon atom bonded to two chemically labile groups, triphenylphosphine (PPh3) and dinitrogen (N2). Without any additives, the diazophosphorus ylide serves as a highly selective transfer reagent for fragments, including Ph3PC, to deliver phosphorus ylide-terminated heterocumulenes and CN2 to produce multisubstituted pyrazoles. Ultimately, even exclusive carbon-atom transfer is possible. In reactions with aldehydes and acyclic and cyclic ketones (R2C=O), the carbon-atom substitution forms a vinylidene (R2C=C:) en route to alkynes or butatrienes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taichi Koike
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Jhen-Kuei Yu
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Max M Hansmann
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
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2
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Yao C, Xiong W, Sun H, Li C, Wu Y, Zhang Z, Hu X. Iridium-phosphine ligand complexes as an alternative to rhodium-based catalysts for the efficient hydroformylation of propene. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:6410-6418. [PMID: 37505192 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob00935a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Expensive rhodium (Rh)-based catalysts have been widely used for the hydroformylation of propene. To find a cheaper and effective alternative to these Rh-based catalysts, herein, a series of phosphine ligands were used to coordinate with iridium, and their catalytic reactivities for the hydroformylation of propene were systematically investigated in this study. The effects of different phosphine ligands, pressures, temperatures, and catalyst dosages on the hydroformylation of propene were investigated. Tripyridyl phosphine iridium Ir2(cod)2Cl2-P(3-py)3 (Ir(I)-L5) and its derivatives exhibit the highest catalytic reactivity. Surprisingly, the catalytic reactivity of Ir(I)-L5 is higher than that of Rh2(cod)2Cl2-P(3-py)3 (Rh(I)-L5). When the Ir(I)-L5 complex is used as the catalyst, reactions performed in a polar solvent gave higher turnover number (TON) values than those in a non-polar solvent. Up to a TON of 503 can be obtained. Different n-butyraldehyde/iso-butyraldehyde (n/i) ratios can be obtained by adjusting the phosphine ligands or the proportion of gas pressure. The catalyst showed good reusability in five recycling experiments. Furthermore, based on DFT theoretical calculations, a probable reaction mechanism was proposed. It is reliable that an Ir-based catalyst can be considered as a highly effective catalyst for the hydroformylation of propylene with CO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenfei Yao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Wenjie Xiong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Haining Sun
- Nanjing Institute of Microinterface Technology, Nanjing 210047, PR China
| | - Chenzhou Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Youting Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Zhibing Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
- Nanjing Institute of Microinterface Technology, Nanjing 210047, PR China
| | - Xingbang Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
- Nanjing Institute of Microinterface Technology, Nanjing 210047, PR China
- Institute of Chemistry and Engineering, Nanjing University, Suzhou 215163, PR China
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3
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Hayashi E, Akiyama N, Kakiuchi K, Kawai T, Morimoto T. Cationic Rhodium(I)-Catalyzed Asymmetric Cyclohydroformylation of 1,6-Enynes with Formaldehyde. Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202201241. [PMID: 36647201 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202201241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
We report a rhodium(I)-catalyzed asymmetric cyclohydroformylation reaction of 1,6-enynes with formaldehyde. The reaction of 1,6-enynes with formaldehyde in the presence of a cationic Rh(I) catalyst, such as [Rh(cod)2 ]+ OTf- , and a chiral biaryl diphosphine led to asymmetric cyclohydroformylation to produce aldehydes with higher-order structures highly enantioselectively. This transformation procedure is applicable to a variety of enynes, with wide compatibility in various atoms liking between the alkyne and alkene parts, substituents at the alkyne terminus, and substituents at the alkene part, being converted to newly formed aldehydes in 14% to 90% yields with 50% to 98% ee. The products were further transformed with various nucleophiles to alcohols, an amine, and a diene without loss of chirality at their γ-position.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Hayashi
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Naoto Akiyama
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Kiyomi Kakiuchi
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Kawai
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Tsumoru Morimoto
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
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4
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McErlain H, McLean EB, Morgan TEF, Burianova VK, Tavares AAS, Sutherland A. Organocatalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of SynVesT-1, a Synaptic Density Positron Emission Tomography Imaging Agent. J Org Chem 2022; 87:14443-14451. [PMID: 36222243 PMCID: PMC9639009 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Heterocyclic nonacetamide ligands are used as positron emission tomography (PET) imaging agents of the synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A (SV2A), with potential applications in the diagnosis of various neuropsychiatric diseases. To date, the main synthetic strategy to access these optically active compounds has involved the racemic synthesis of a late-stage intermediate followed by the separation of the enantiomers. Here, we describe the use of iminium organocatalysis for the asymmetric synthesis of SynVesT-1, an important PET imaging agent of SV2A. The key step involved the conjugate addition of nitromethane with a cinnamaldehyde in the presence of the Jørgensen-Hayashi catalyst using the Merck dual acid cocatalyst system. Pinnick-type oxidation and esterification of the adduct was then followed by chemoselective nitro group reduction and cyclization using nickel borate. N-Alkylation of the resulting lactam then completed the seven-step synthesis of SynVesT-1. This approach was amenable for the synthesis of an organotin analogue, which following copper(II)-mediated fluoro-destannylation allowed rapid access to [18F]SynVesT-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly McErlain
- School
of Chemistry, The Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, GlasgowG12 8QQ, U.K.
| | - Euan B. McLean
- School
of Chemistry, The Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, GlasgowG12 8QQ, U.K.
| | - Timaeus E. F. Morgan
- BHF-University
Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University
of Edinburgh, EdinburghEH16 4TJ, U.K.
| | - Valeria K. Burianova
- School
of Chemistry, The Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, GlasgowG12 8QQ, U.K.
| | - Adriana A. S. Tavares
- BHF-University
Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University
of Edinburgh, EdinburghEH16 4TJ, U.K.
| | - Andrew Sutherland
- School
of Chemistry, The Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, GlasgowG12 8QQ, U.K.,
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5
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Bhat MUS, Ganie MA, Rizvi MA, Raheem S, Shah BA. Photoredox Catalyzed Thioformylation of Terminal Alkynes Using Nitromethane as a Formyl Source. Org Lett 2022; 24:6658-6663. [PMID: 36047745 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A photoredox thioformylation of terminal alkynes using nitromethane as a formyl anion equivalent, thereby leading to the synthesis of (E)-1,2-difunctionalized acrylaldehyde, has been described. The current strategy introduces an adaptable aldehyde function across an alkyne and offers a new route to synthesizing α-alkyl/aryl aldehydes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muneer-Ul-Shafi Bhat
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.,Natural Product & Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Majid Ahmad Ganie
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.,Natural Product & Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
| | | | - Shabnam Raheem
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, India
| | - Bhahwal Ali Shah
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.,Natural Product & Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
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6
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Li L, Hou ZW, Li P, Wang L. Electrochemical Dearomatizing Spirocyclization of Alkynes with Dimethyl 2-Benzylmalonate s to Spiro[4.5]deca-trienones. J Org Chem 2022; 87:8697-8708. [PMID: 35679486 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
An electrochemical dearomatizing spirocyclization of alkynes with dimethyl 2-benzylmalonates for the preparation of spiro[4.5]deca-trienones has been developed. This approach adopts ferrocene (Cp2Fe) as an electrocatalyst to produce carbon-centered radical intermediates from C-H-based malonates, which obviates the forthputting of noble-metal reagents, sacrificial chemical oxidants and 2-bromomalonates. A wide variety of spiro compounds are efficiently prepared with satisfactory results under mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laiqiang Li
- Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang, Zhejiang 318000, P. R. China.,Department of Chemistry, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P. R. China
| | - Zhong-Wei Hou
- Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang, Zhejiang 318000, P. R. China
| | - Pinhua Li
- Department of Chemistry, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang, Zhejiang 318000, P. R. China.,Department of Chemistry, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
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7
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Zhang J, Li J, Li K, Zhao J, Yang Z, Zong L, Chen J, Xie CX, Zhao XX, Jia X. A heterogeneous Rh/CPOL-BINAPa&PPh 3 catalyst for hydroformylation of olefins: chemical and DFT insights into active species and the roles of BINAPa and PPh 3. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy00370h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A reusable Rh/CPOL-BINAPa&PPh3 catalyst was used for heterogeneous hydroformylation of olefins, affording the corresponding linear aldehydes with excellent regioselectivities and high TON values. The active Rh–H species were studied in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinrong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Jin Li
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Kechao Li
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Jinyu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Zhengyi Yang
- Chang-Kung Chuang Institute, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Lingbo Zong
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Jianbin Chen
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, P. R. China
| | - Cong-Xia Xie
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Xiu-Xiu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofei Jia
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
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8
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Jiang Y, Li C, Tang S, Tao S, Yuan M, Li R, Chen H, Fu H, Zheng X. Practical Synthesis of ( Z)-α,β-Unsaturated Nitriles via a One-Pot Sequential Hydroformylation/Knoevenagel Reaction. J Org Chem 2021; 86:15413-15422. [PMID: 34664499 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Herein, the synthesis of (Z)-α,β-unsaturated nitriles by a sequential hydroformylation/Knoevenagel reaction has been first developed. A variety of crude α-olefins from Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, internal and special olefins, as well as alkynes could be transformed into value-added alkenyl nitriles (39 examples) up to 90% yield. Remarkably, compared with commonly used tedious multistep reactions, the one-pot protocol features cheap and easily available raw materials, excellent chemo-, regio-, and stereoselectivity, very mild reaction conditions, and easy scale-up production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
| | - Chao Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
| | - Songbai Tang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
| | - Shaokun Tao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
| | - Maolin Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
| | - Ruixiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
| | - Hua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
| | - Haiyan Fu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
| | - Xueli Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
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9
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Zhang Y, Sigrist M, Dydio P. Palladium‐Catalyzed Hydroformylation of Alkenes and Alkynes. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202101020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- University of Strasbourg CNRS ISIS UMR 7006 8 allée Gaspard Monge 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Michel Sigrist
- University of Strasbourg CNRS ISIS UMR 7006 8 allée Gaspard Monge 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Paweł Dydio
- University of Strasbourg CNRS ISIS UMR 7006 8 allée Gaspard Monge 67000 Strasbourg France
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