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Schrader ML, Schäfer FR, Schäfers F, Glorius F. Bridging the information gap in organic chemical reactions. Nat Chem 2024; 16:491-498. [PMID: 38548884 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-024-01470-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
The varying quality of scientific reports is a well-recognized problem and often results from a lack of standardization and transparency in scientific publications. This situation ultimately leads to prominent complications such as reproducibility issues and the slow uptake of newly developed synthetic methods for pharmaceutical and agrochemical applications. In recent years, various impactful approaches have been advocated to bridge information gaps and to improve the quality of experimental protocols in synthetic organic publications. Here we provide a critical overview of these strategies and present the reader with a versatile set of tools to augment their standard procedures. We formulate eight principles to improve data management in scientific publications relating to data standardization, reproducibility and evaluation, and encourage scientists to go beyond current publication standards. We are aware that this is a substantial effort, but we are convinced that the resulting improved data situation will greatly benefit the progress of chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malte L Schrader
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Felix R Schäfer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Felix Schäfers
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Frank Glorius
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Münster, Münster, Germany.
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2
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Ren J, Xu J, Kong X, Li J, Li K. Coordinating activation strategy enables 1,2-alkylamidation of alkynes. Chem Sci 2023; 14:11466-11473. [PMID: 37886104 PMCID: PMC10599465 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc03786j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The radical 1,2-difunctionalization reaction of alkynes has been evolved into a versatile approach for expeditiously increasing the complexity of the common feedstock alkyne. However, intermolecular 1,2-carboamidation with general alkyl groups is an unsolved problem. Herein, we show that a coordinating activation strategy could act as an efficient tool for enabling radical 1,2-alkylamidation of alkynes. With the employment of diacyl peroxides as both alkylating reagents and internal oxidants, a large library of β-alkylated enamides is constructed in a three-component manner from readily accessible amides and alkynes. This protocol exhibits broad substrate scope with good functional group compatibility and is amenable for late-stage functionalization of natural molecules and biologically compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ren
- Biopharmaceutical Research Institute, West China Hospital of Sichuan University 37 Guoxue Alley Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
| | - Junhua Xu
- Biopharmaceutical Research Institute, West China Hospital of Sichuan University 37 Guoxue Alley Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
| | - Xiangxiang Kong
- Biopharmaceutical Research Institute, West China Hospital of Sichuan University 37 Guoxue Alley Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
| | - Jinlong Li
- Biopharmaceutical Research Institute, West China Hospital of Sichuan University 37 Guoxue Alley Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
| | - Kaizhi Li
- Biopharmaceutical Research Institute, West China Hospital of Sichuan University 37 Guoxue Alley Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
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3
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Zhang XX, Zheng H, Mei YK, Liu Y, Liu YY, Ji DW, Wan B, Chen QA. Photo-induced imino functionalizations of alkenes via intermolecular charge transfer. Chem Sci 2023; 14:11170-11179. [PMID: 37860665 PMCID: PMC10583702 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc03667g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
A catalyst-free photosensitized strategy has been developed for regioselective imino functionalizations of alkenes via the formation of an EDA complex. This photo-induced protocol facilitates the construction of structurally diverse β-imino sulfones and vinyl sulfones in moderate to high yields. Mechanistic studies reveal that the reaction is initiated with an intermolecular charge transfer between oximes and sulfinates, followed by fragmentation to generate a persistent iminyl radical and transient sulfonyl radical. This catalyst-free protocol also features excellent regioselectivity, broad functional group tolerance and mild reaction conditions. The late stage functionalization of natural product derived compounds and total synthesis of some bioactive molecules have been demonstrated to highlight the utility of this protocol. Meanwhile, the compatibility of different donors has proved the generality of this strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Xin Zhang
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 People's Republic of China http://www.lbcs.dicp.ac.cn
| | - Hao Zheng
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 People's Republic of China http://www.lbcs.dicp.ac.cn
| | - Yong-Kang Mei
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 People's Republic of China http://www.lbcs.dicp.ac.cn
| | - Yan Liu
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 People's Republic of China http://www.lbcs.dicp.ac.cn
| | - Ying-Ying Liu
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 People's Republic of China http://www.lbcs.dicp.ac.cn
| | - Ding-Wei Ji
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 People's Republic of China
| | - Boshun Wan
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-An Chen
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 People's Republic of China http://www.lbcs.dicp.ac.cn
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4
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More DA, Shirsath SR, Muthukrishnan M. Metal- and Photocatalyst-Free, Visible-Light-Initiated C3 α-Aminomethylation of Quinoxalin-2(1 H)-ones via Electron Donor-Acceptor Complexes. J Org Chem 2023; 88:13339-13350. [PMID: 37651188 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
We report a metal- and photocatalyst-free C3 α-aminomethylation of quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones with N-alkyl-N-methylanilines. The reaction proceeds through the formation of a photoactivated electron donor-acceptor complex between quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones and N-alkyl-N-methylanilines. The present method provides a mild and environmentally friendly protocol that exhibits good atom economy and excellent functional group tolerance to obtain a library of biologically significant C3 α-aminomethylated quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones in good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devidas A More
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Division of Organic Chemistry, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Sachin R Shirsath
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Division of Organic Chemistry, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - M Muthukrishnan
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Division of Organic Chemistry, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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5
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Shaw R, Sihag N, Jain S, Sharma R, Yadav MR. Photoinduced Alkyl/Aryl Radical Cascade for the Synthesis of Quaternary CF 3-Containing Oxindoles and Indoline Alkaloids. J Org Chem 2023; 88:5652-5660. [PMID: 37068047 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Metal- and additive-free, photoinduced decarboxylative radical alkylation-cyclization of CF3-acrylamides with alkyl redox-active esters provided the corresponding quaternary CF3-oxindole derivatives in good yields. Notably, diaryliodonium salts also efficiently participated in the arylation-cyclization of CF3-acrylamides in environmentally benign H2O as a solvent. The present approach has been extended for the concise synthesis of CF3-attached indoline alkaloid analogues, i.e., CF3-(±)-desoxyeseroline, CF3-(±)-esermethole, and CF3-(±) progesterone receptor antagonists. The preliminary mechanistic studies revealed that the reaction is likely to proceed through initial photoexcitation of redox-active ester/diaryliodonium salts followed by the SET process with acrylamide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjay Shaw
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Naveen Sihag
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Swati Jain
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Ruchi Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - M Ramu Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
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6
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Hota SK, Panda SP, Das S, Mahapatra SK, Roy L, De Sarkar S, Murarka S. Photoinduced Electron Donor-Acceptor Complex-Mediated Radical Cascade Involving N-(Acyloxy)phthalimides: Synthesis of Tetrahydroquinolines. J Org Chem 2023; 88:2543-2549. [PMID: 36749678 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c03044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
We conceptualized a novel disconnection approach for the synthesis of fused tetrahydroquinolines that exploits a visible light-mediated radical (4 + 2) annulation between alkyl N-(acyloxy)phthalimides and N-substituted maleimides in the presence of DIPEA as an additive. The reaction proceeds through the formation of a photoactivated electron donor-acceptor complex between alkyl NHPI esters and DIPEA, and the final tetrahydroquinolines were obtained in a complete regioselective fashion. The methodology features a broad scope and good functional group tolerance and operates under metal- and catalyst-free reaction conditions. Detailed mechanistic investigations including density functional theory studies provide insight into the reaction pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhir Kumar Hota
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Karwar, Rajasthan 342037, India
| | - Satya Prakash Panda
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Karwar, Rajasthan 342037, India
| | - Sanju Das
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal 741246, India
| | - Sanat Kumar Mahapatra
- Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai, IOC Odisha Campus Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751013, India
| | - Lisa Roy
- Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai, IOC Odisha Campus Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751013, India
| | - Suman De Sarkar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal 741246, India
| | - Sandip Murarka
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Karwar, Rajasthan 342037, India
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7
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Lu XY, Wang JC, Sun XM, Gao MT, Ying WJ, Ge MY, Wei ZH, Liu Z, Chen XK. Photoredox/Nickel Dual-Catalyzed Stereoselective Synthesis of Distal Cyano-Substituted Enamides. J Org Chem 2023; 88:513-524. [PMID: 36545950 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Herein, the efficient photoredox/nickel dual-catalyzed cyanoalkylation reaction of enamides is illustrated. A wide scope of enamides and cycloketone oxime esters was well-tolerated, affording the synthetically versatile and geometrically defined β-cyanoalkylated enamide scaffolds. The synthetic practicality of this protocol was revealed by gram-scale reactions, further transformations of enamides, and late-stage modifications of biologically active molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu Lu
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Chuzhou University, Chuzhou 239000, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Jun-Chao Wang
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Chuzhou University, Chuzhou 239000, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Sun
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Chuzhou University, Chuzhou 239000, China
| | - Meng-Ting Gao
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Chuzhou University, Chuzhou 239000, China
| | - Weng-Jing Ying
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Chuzhou University, Chuzhou 239000, China
| | - Meng-Yuan Ge
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Chuzhou University, Chuzhou 239000, China
| | - Zheng-Huan Wei
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Chuzhou University, Chuzhou 239000, China
| | - Zi Liu
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Chuzhou University, Chuzhou 239000, China
| | - Xing-Ke Chen
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Chuzhou University, Chuzhou 239000, China
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8
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Lu MZ, Goh J, Maraswami M, Jia Z, Tian JS, Loh TP. Recent Advances in Alkenyl sp 2 C-H and C-F Bond Functionalizations: Scope, Mechanism, and Applications. Chem Rev 2022; 122:17479-17646. [PMID: 36240299 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Alkenes and their derivatives are featured widely in a variety of natural products, pharmaceuticals, and advanced materials. Significant efforts have been made toward the development of new and practical methods to access this important class of compounds by selectively activating the alkenyl C(sp2)-H bonds in recent years. In this comprehensive review, we describe the state-of-the-art strategies for the direct functionalization of alkenyl sp2 C-H and C-F bonds until June 2022. Moreover, metal-free, photoredox, and electrochemical strategies are also covered. For clarity, this review has been divided into two parts; the first part focuses on currently available alkenyl sp2 C-H functionalization methods using different alkene derivatives as the starting materials, and the second part describes the alkenyl sp2 C-F bond functionalization using easily accessible gem-difluoroalkenes as the starting material. This review includes the scope, limitations, mechanistic studies, stereoselective control (using directing groups as well as metal-migration strategies), and their applications to complex molecule synthesis where appropriate. Overall, this comprehensive review aims to document the considerable advancements, current status, and emerging work by critically summarizing the contributions of researchers working in this fascinating area and is expected to stimulate novel, innovative, and broadly applicable strategies for alkenyl sp2 C-H and C-F bond functionalizations in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Zhu Lu
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China.,School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Jeffrey Goh
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Manikantha Maraswami
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Zhenhua Jia
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Jie-Sheng Tian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Teck-Peng Loh
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China.,School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore.,Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
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9
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Zhang X, Yang TM, Hu LM, Hu XH. Stereoselective Iron-Catalyzed Alkylation of Enamides with Cyclopropanols via Oxidative C(sp 2)–H Functionalization. Org Lett 2022; 24:8677-8682. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xing Zhang
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Tian-Ming Yang
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Lu-Min Hu
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Xu-Hong Hu
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
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10
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Zhou X, Shi S, Chen L, Wu G, Ma Y. Copper‐Catalyzed Oxidative Carboamination of Maleimides with Amines and α‐Bromo Carboxylates. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ge Wu
- Wenzhou Medical University CHINA
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11
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Hu X, Tao M, Ma Z, Zhang Y, Li Y, Liang D. Regioselective Photocatalytic Dialkylation/Cyclization Sequence of 3‐Aza‐1,5‐dienes: Access to 3,4‐Dialkylated 4‐Pyrrolin‐2‐ones. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Kunming University Kunming 650214 People's Republic of China
| | - Minglin Tao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Kunming University Kunming 650214 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongxiao Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Kunming University Kunming 650214 People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Kunming University Kunming 650214 People's Republic of China
| | - Yanni Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Kunming University Kunming 650214 People's Republic of China
| | - Deqiang Liang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Kunming University Kunming 650214 People's Republic of China
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12
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He JQ, Yang ZX, Zhou XL, Li Y, Gao S, Shi L, Liang D. Exploring the regioselectivity of the cyanoalkylation of 3-aza-1,5-dienes: photoinduced synthesis of 3-cyanoalkyl-4-pyrrolin-2-ones. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00918h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Regioselective cyanoalkylalkenylation of 3-aza-1,5-dienes with oxime esters induced by visible light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Qin He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Kunming University, Kunming 650214, China
| | - Zhi-Xian Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Kunming University, Kunming 650214, China
| | - Xue-Lu Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Kunming University, Kunming 650214, China
| | - Yanni Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Kunming University, Kunming 650214, China
| | - Shulin Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Kunming University, Kunming 650214, China
| | - Lou Shi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Kunming University, Kunming 650214, China
| | - Deqiang Liang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Kunming University, Kunming 650214, China
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