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Li J, Tan X, Jiang H, Wu W. Base-Promoted (5 + 2) Annulation between 2-(Alkynylaryl)acetonitriles and Arylalkynes for the Synthesis of Benzocycloheptene Derivatives. Org Lett 2024; 26:5409-5414. [PMID: 38912965 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c00940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we describe a novel approach to the synthesis of benzocycloheptene derivatives via base-promoted (5 + 2) annulation between 2-(alkynylaryl)acetonitriles and arylalkynes. In this chemistry, 2-(alkynylaryl)acetonitriles are employed as a new C5 synthon to construct various benzocycloheptene(s) derivatives by building two C-C bonds in one single step. This method features excellent regioselectivity, the use of readily available starting materials, and good functional group tolerance. The practicality of the strategy was further demonstrated by gram-scale synthesis, late-stage functionalizations, and the post-modification of natural products such as probenecid and tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiatian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, P.R. China
| | - Xiangwen Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, P.R. China
| | - Huanfeng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, P.R. China
| | - Wanqing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, P.R. China
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Sreedharan R, Gandhi T. Masters of Mediation: MN(SiMe 3) 2 in Functionalization of C(sp 3)-H Latent Nucleophiles. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400435. [PMID: 38497321 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Organoalkali compounds have undergone a far-reaching transformation being a coupling partner to a mediator in unusual organic conversions which finds its spot in the field of sustainable synthesis. Transition-metal catalysis has always been the priority in C(sp3)-H bond functionalization, however alternatively, in recent times this has been seriously challenged by earth-abundant alkali metals and their complexes arriving at new sustainable organometallic reagents. In this line, the importance of MN(SiMe3)2 (M=Li, Na, K & Cs) reagent revived in C(sp3)-H bond functionalization over recent years in organic synthesis is showcased in this minireview. MN(SiMe3)2 reagent with higher reactivity, enhanced stability, and bespoke cation-π interaction have shown eye-opening mediated processes such as C(sp3)-C(sp3) cross-coupling, radical-radical cross-coupling, aminobenzylation, annulation, aroylation, and other transformations to utilize readily available petrochemical feedstocks. This article also emphasizes the unusual reactivity of MN(SiMe3)2 reagent in unreactive and robust C-X (X=O, N, F, C) bond cleavage reactions that occurred alongside the C(sp3)-H bond functionalization. Overall, this review encourages the community to exploit the untapped potential of MN(SiMe3)2 reagent and also inspires them to take up this subject to even greater heights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramdas Sreedharan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Thirumanavelan Gandhi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
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Ma P, Wang Y, Ma N, Wang J. Alkaline-Metal-Promoted Divergent Synthesis of 1-Aminoisoquinolines and Isoquinolines. J Org Chem 2024. [PMID: 38193431 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Alkaline-metal-promoted divergent syntheses of 1-aminoisoquinolines and isoquinolines have been reported involving 2-methylaryl aldehydes, nitriles, and LiN(SiMe3)2 as reactants. In addition, the three-component reaction of 2-methylaryl nitriles, aldehydes, and LiN(SiMe3)2 has been developed to furnish 1-aminoisoquinolines. This protocol features readily available starting materials, excellent chemoselectivity, broad substrate scope, and satisfactory yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Ma
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yuhang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Ning Ma
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jianhui Wang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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Mehedi MSA, George DE, Tepe JJ. Sc(OTf) 3-Mediated One-Pot Synthesis of 3,4-Disubstituted 1 H-Pyrazoles and 3,5-Disubstituted Pyridines from Hydrazine or Ammonia with Epoxides. J Org Chem 2022; 87:16820-16828. [PMID: 36475626 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Here, we report the synthesis of 3,4-disubstituted 1H-pyrazoles and 3,5-disubstituted pyridines from the reaction of epoxides with hydrazine and ammonia, respectively. Both reactions utilize Sc(OTf)3 as a Lewis acid. The pyrazole synthesis utilizes N-bromosuccinimide to convert the intermediate pyrazolines to the pyrazoles, whereas the pyridine synthesis utilizes FeCl3 as a cocatalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Shafaat Al Mehedi
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48823, United States
| | - Dare E George
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48823, United States
| | - Jetze J Tepe
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48823, United States
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Patel AK, Rathor SS, Samanta S. Regioselective access to di- and trisubstituted pyridines via a metal-oxidant-solvent-free domino reaction involving 3-chloropropiophenones. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:6759-6765. [PMID: 35972042 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01193j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A remarkable metal-oxidant-solvent- and base-free domino route for regioselective access to a wide range of 2,4-di- and 2,3,4/6-trisubstituted pyridines including carbo- and heterocyclic fused pyridines is reported. This [3C + 2C + 1N] cyclization reaction occurs between 3-chloropropiophenones (3C units), enolizable acyclic/cyclic ketones (2C sources) and NH4OAc as a robust N source under neat conditions under an open atmosphere, producing new C=C and C=N-C bonds in highly chemo- and regioselective manners. Interestingly, this eco-friendly method has many positive features: excellent functional group tolerance, broad substrate scope, good to excellent regioselectivities, promising yields, no-unwanted products, neutral reaction conditions and appropriateness for large-scale synthesis. Mechanism studies reveal that the in situ generated β-amino ketone from 3-chloropropiophenone and an ammonium salt undergoes C=N bond formation with a ketone followed by an intramolecular cyclization process (C=C bond), which are the decisive steps for pyridine synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashvani Kumar Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, 453552, India.
| | - Shikha Singh Rathor
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, 453552, India.
| | - Sampak Samanta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, 453552, India.
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Ma P, Wang Y, Wang J. Copper-Catalyzed Domino Three-Component Benzannulation: Access to Isoquinolines. Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Ma
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yuhang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jianhui Wang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, China
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