1
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Wang Z, He Y, Wang F, Wang Y, Luo H, Wu J, Yang J. Green and efficient synthesis of dibenzyl cyanamides and ureas with cyanamide as a block. RSC Adv 2024; 14:23693-23698. [PMID: 39077314 PMCID: PMC11284761 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra04286g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
A method for the two-step synthesis of dibenzyl cyanamide and dibenzyl urea via cyanamide is presented. This approach is both efficient and environmentally friendly. Various N,N-dibenzyl ureas could be obtained by reactions of N,N-dibenzyl cyanamides and N,N-dibenzyl cyanamides as intermediates formed from cyanamide. In the absence of metal, ligand and hydrogen peroxide as the oxidant, products with moderate yields have been obtained under mild conditions. Key features include the use of widely available and easily handled cyanamide sources as starting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University Yinchuan 750021 China
| | - Yu He
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University Yinchuan 750021 China
| | - Fang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University Yinchuan 750021 China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University Yinchuan 750021 China
| | - Hui Luo
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University Yinchuan 750021 China
| | - Jianglong Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia Normal University Guyuan 756000 China
| | - Jinhui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University Yinchuan 750021 China
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2
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Yan Y, Wang P, Dong J, Li G, Wang C, Xue D. Photochemical Synthesis of Nitriles from Alcohols. J Org Chem 2024; 89:10234-10238. [PMID: 38950133 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c01106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Nickel-catalyzed hydrocyanation of 1,3-butadiene with hydrogen cyanide gas is the predominant method for the synthesis of adiponitrile, which is an important precursor for polymer production. However, the use of fossil-derived alkenes raises environmental concerns, and hydrogen cyanide is highly volatile and extremely toxic. Herein, we report the use of biomass-derived 1,4-butanediol, as well as other primary alcohols, for photochemical synthesis of linear and branched nitriles and dinitriles, including adiponitrile, with 1,4-dicyanobenzene as the CN source. This mild, sustainable method does not require hydrogen cyanide gas or an air- or moisture-sensitive metal catalyst and is applicable for the production of dinitriles as precursors of diamines, which have potential utility for the development of novel polyamides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggang Yan
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Pengpeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Jianyang Dong
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Gang Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Dong Xue
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
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3
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Cagan D, Bím D, Kazmierczak NP, Hadt RG. Mechanisms of Photoredox Catalysis Featuring Nickel-Bipyridine Complexes. ACS Catal 2024; 14:9055-9076. [PMID: 38868098 PMCID: PMC11165457 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.4c02036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Metallaphotoredox catalysis can unlock useful pathways for transforming organic reactants into desirable products, largely due to the conversion of photon energy into chemical potential to drive redox and bond transformation processes. Despite the importance of these processes for cross-coupling reactions and other transformations, their mechanistic details are only superficially understood. In this review, we have provided a detailed summary of various photoredox mechanisms that have been proposed to date for Ni-bipyridine (bpy) complexes, focusing separately on photosensitized and direct excitation reaction processes. By highlighting multiple bond transformation pathways and key findings, we depict how photoredox reaction mechanisms, which ultimately define substrate scope, are themselves defined by the ground- and excited-state geometric and electronic structures of key Ni-based intermediates. We further identify knowledge gaps to motivate future mechanistic studies and the development of synergistic research approaches spanning the physical, organic, and inorganic chemistry communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- David
A. Cagan
- Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory
of Chemical Physics, California Institute
of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Daniel Bím
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, The
Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, Prague 6 166 10, Czech Republic
| | - Nathanael P. Kazmierczak
- Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory
of Chemical Physics, California Institute
of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Ryan G. Hadt
- Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory
of Chemical Physics, California Institute
of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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4
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Iizumi K, Tanaka H, Muto K, Yamaguchi J. Palladium-Catalyzed Denitrative Synthesis of Aryl Nitriles from Nitroarenes and Organocyanides. Org Lett 2024; 26:3977-3981. [PMID: 38683691 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c01118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
A denitrative cyanation of nitroarenes using organocyanides and a palladium catalyst was developed. The key for this reaction was the utilization of an aminoacetonitrile as a cyano source to avoid the generation of stoichiometric metal- and halogen-containing chemical waste. A wide range of nitroarenes, including heteroarenes and pharmaceutical molecules, can be converted into aryl nitriles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichiro Iizumi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, 513 Wasedatsurumakicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0041, Japan
| | - Hiroki Tanaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, 513 Wasedatsurumakicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0041, Japan
| | - Kei Muto
- Waseda Institute for Advanced Study, Waseda University, 513 Wasedatsurumakicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0041, Japan
| | - Junichiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, 513 Wasedatsurumakicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0041, Japan
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5
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Nanjegowda MV, Basak S, Paul T, Punniyamurthy T. Palladium-Catalyzed Weak Chelation-Assisted Site-Selective C-H Arylation of N-Aryl Pyridones via 2-fold C-H Activation. J Org Chem 2024; 89:6564-6574. [PMID: 38630989 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Palladium-catalyzed weak chelation-assisted oxidative cross-dehydrogenative coupling of arenes has been accomplished. The use of medicinally important pyridones as the intrinsic directing group, regioselectivity, 2-fold C-H activation, and late-stage modification of bioactive compounds are the important practical features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maniya V Nanjegowda
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Shubhajit Basak
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Tripti Paul
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
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6
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Yan Y, Wang P, Wang Y, Dong J, Li G, Wang C, Xue D. Light-Triggered, Ni-Catalyzed Cyanation of Aryl Triflates with 1,4-Dicyanobenzene as the CN Source. Org Lett 2024; 26:1370-1375. [PMID: 38358108 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c04294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
A light-triggered, Ni-catalyzed cyanation of aryl triflates was herein reported, which provides a benign photochemical synthesis of aryl nitriles using 1,4-dicyanobenzene as the CN source instead of HCN or a metallic CN source. This mild method uses a readily available bisphosphine ligand and a soluble organosilicon reagent as the reductant and is carried out under purple light without an external photocatalyst. This cyanation was effective for aryl triflates derived from phenols and bisphenols as well as lignin-derived phenolic compounds, demonstrating its potential utility for the synthesis of aryl nitriles from biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggang Yan
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Pengpeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Yuying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Jianyang Dong
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Gang Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Dong Xue
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
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7
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Haibach MC, Shekhar S, Ahmed TS, Ickes AR. Recent Advances in Nonprecious Metal Catalysis. Org Process Res Dev 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.2c00344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael C. Haibach
- Process Research and Development, AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Shashank Shekhar
- Process Research and Development, AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Tonia S. Ahmed
- Process Research and Development, AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Andrew R. Ickes
- Process Research and Development, AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
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8
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Abstract
AIBN is a convenient electrophilic cyanation reagent for transforming ArLi into ArCN under mild conditions. The addition/fragmentation cascade is controlled by Li···N chelation in which AIBN nitrogens assist in the nearly barrierless fragmentation into the desired ArCN product. Acidic C-H bonds in the fragmented byproduct partially consume ArLi by protonation. Density functional theory calculations and isotopic labeling probe the mechanism and explain the switch to substituted hydrazones in reactions with BuLi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quintin Elliott
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Igor V Alabugin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
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9
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Song G, Nong DZ, Li Q, Yan Y, Li G, Fan J, Zhang W, Cao R, Wang C, Xiao J, Xue D. Photochemical Synthesis of Anilines via Ni-Catalyzed Coupling of Aryl Halides with Ammonium Salts. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c04959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Geyang Song
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China
| | - Ding-Zhan Nong
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China
| | - Qi Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China
| | - Yonggang Yan
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China
| | - Gang Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China
| | - Juan Fan
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China
| | - Rui Cao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China
| | - Jianliang Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZD, U.K
| | - Dong Xue
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China
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10
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Kagilev AA, Gafurov ZN, Sakhapov IF, Islamov DR, Kantyukov AO, Mikhailov IK, Yakhvarov DG. Crystal Structure of the Organonickel Sigma Complex [NiBr(Tcpp)(bpy)]. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363222120155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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11
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Duran-Camacho G, Hethcox JC. Nickel-Catalyzed Cyanation of (Hetero)aryl Bromides Using DABAL-Me 3 as a Soluble Reductant. Org Lett 2022; 24:8397-8400. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Geraldo Duran-Camacho
- Process Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - J. Caleb Hethcox
- Process Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
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12
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Song G, Nong DZ, Li JS, Li G, Zhang W, Cao R, Wang C, Xiao J, Xue D. General Method for the Amination of Aryl Halides with Primary and Secondary Alkyl Amines via Nickel Photocatalysis. J Org Chem 2022; 87:10285-10297. [PMID: 35877165 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The Buchwald-Hartwig C-N coupling reaction has been ranked as one of the 20 most frequently used reactions in medicinal chemistry. Owing to its much lower cost and higher reactivity toward less reactive aryl chlorides than palladium, the C-N coupling reaction catalyzed by Ni-based catalysts has received a great deal of attention. However, there appear to be no universal, practical Ni catalytic systems so far that could enable the coupling of electron-rich and electron-poor aryl halides with both primary and secondary alkyl amines. In this study, it is reported that a Ni(II)-bipyridine complex catalyzes efficient C-N coupling of aryl chlorides and bromides with various primary and secondary alkyl amines under direct excitation with light. Intramolecular C-N coupling is also demonstrated. The feasibility and applicability of the protocol in organic synthesis is attested by more than 200 examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geyang Song
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Ding-Zhan Nong
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Jing-Sheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Gang Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Rui Cao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Jianliang Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Dong Xue
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
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