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Chen X, Liang Y, Wang WW, Miao C, Chu XQ, Rao W, Xu H, Zhou X, Shen ZL. Palladium-Catalyzed Esterification of Aryl Fluorosulfates with Aryl Formates. Molecules 2024; 29:1991. [PMID: 38731482 PMCID: PMC11085239 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29091991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
An efficient palladium-catalyzed carbonylation of aryl fluorosulfates with aryl formates for the facile synthesis of esters was developed. The cross-coupling reactions proceeded effectively in the presence of a palladium catalyst, phosphine ligand, and triethylamine in DMF to produce the corresponding esters in moderate to good yields. Of note, functionalities or substituents, such as nitro, cyano, methoxycarbonyl, trifluoromethyl, methylsulfonyl, trifluoromethoxy, fluoro, chloro, bromo, methyl, methoxy, N,N-dimethyl, and [1,3]dioxolyl, were well-tolerated in the reactions, which could be kept for late-stage modification. The reactions employing readily available and relatively robust aryl fluorosulfates as coupling electrophiles could potentially serve as an attractive alternative to traditional cross-couplings with the use of aryl halides and pseudohalides as substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Chen
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; (X.C.); (Y.L.); (W.-W.W.); (X.-Q.C.)
| | - Yuan Liang
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; (X.C.); (Y.L.); (W.-W.W.); (X.-Q.C.)
| | - Wen-Wen Wang
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; (X.C.); (Y.L.); (W.-W.W.); (X.-Q.C.)
| | - Chengping Miao
- College of Biological, Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, 118 Jiahang Road, Jiaxing 314001, China;
| | - Xue-Qiang Chu
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; (X.C.); (Y.L.); (W.-W.W.); (X.-Q.C.)
| | - Weidong Rao
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-Forest Biomass, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China;
| | - Hao Xu
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; (X.C.); (Y.L.); (W.-W.W.); (X.-Q.C.)
| | - Xiaocong Zhou
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; (X.C.); (Y.L.); (W.-W.W.); (X.-Q.C.)
- College of Biological, Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, 118 Jiahang Road, Jiaxing 314001, China;
| | - Zhi-Liang Shen
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; (X.C.); (Y.L.); (W.-W.W.); (X.-Q.C.)
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Chicas-Baños DF, López-Rivas M, González-Bravo FJ, Sartillo-Piscil F, Frontana-Uribe BA. Access to carbonyl compounds via the electroreduction of N-benzyloxyphthalimides: Mechanism confirmation and preparative applications. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23808. [PMID: 38226225 PMCID: PMC10788431 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
A method to access carbonyl compounds using reductive conditions was evaluated via electrochemical reduction of their corresponding N-benzyloxyphthalimide derivatives (NBOPIs). The mechanism of this originally reported electrochemical reaction was proposed based on DFT calculation and is experimentally confirmed herein, contrasting simulated and experimental cyclic voltammetry data. The reaction scope studied in a preparative scale and using redox sensitive functional groups showed good selectivity and tolerance toward oxidation under the reaction conditions with a moderate to good yield (50-71%). Nevertheless, some restrictions with reducible functional groups, like benzyl-brominated and nitro-aromatic derivatives, were observed. The present approach can be considered a self-sustainable electrochemical catalysis for the synthesis of aromatic carbonylic compounds passing through anion radical intermediates produced by a cathodic reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Francisco Chicas-Baños
- Universidad de El Salvador (UES), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemática, Escuela de Química, Final 25 Av. Nte, 1101, San Salvador, El Salvador
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Química, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City, 04510, Mexico
| | - Mariely López-Rivas
- Centro Conjunto Química Sustentable UAEMéx-UNAM, Km 14.5 Carretera Toluca-Ixtlahuaca, Toluca, 50200, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Felipe J. González-Bravo
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, 07360, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Fernando Sartillo-Piscil
- Centro de Investigación de la Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), 14 Sur Esq. San Claudio, Col. San Manuel, 72570, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Bernardo Antonio Frontana-Uribe
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Química, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City, 04510, Mexico
- Centro Conjunto Química Sustentable UAEMéx-UNAM, Km 14.5 Carretera Toluca-Ixtlahuaca, Toluca, 50200, Estado de México, Mexico
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Guo JD, Chen YJ, Wang CH, He Q, Yang XL, Ding TY, Zhang K, Ci RN, Chen B, Tung CH, Wu LZ. Direct Excitation of Aldehyde to Activate the C(sp 2 )-H Bond by Cobaloxime Catalysis toward Fluorenones Synthesis with Hydrogen Evolution. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202214944. [PMID: 36510781 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202214944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A new way to form fluorenones via the direct excitation of substrates instead of photocatalyst to activate the C(sp2 )-H bond under redox-neutral condition is reported. Our design relies on the photoexcited aromatic aldehyde intermediates that can be intercepted by cobaloxime catalyst through single electron transfer for following β-H elimination. The generation of acyl radical and successful interception by a metal catalyst cobaloxime avoid the use of a photocatalyst and stoichiometric external oxidants, affording a series of highly substituted fluorenones, including six-membered ketones, such as xanthone and thioxanthone derivatives in good to excellent yields, and with hydrogen as the only byproduct. This catalytic system features a readily available metal catalyst, mild reaction conditions and broad substrate scope, in which sunlight reaction and scale-up experiments by continuous-flow approach make the new methodology sustainable and amenable for potentially operational procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Dong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Jing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Chen-Hong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Qiao He
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xiu-Long Yang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Tian-Yu Ding
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Rui-Nan Ci
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Bin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Chen-Ho Tung
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Li-Zhu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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