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Li B, Liao X, Wen L, Mi M, Xing X, Feng P, Xu S. Electrochemically Direct Fluorination Functionalization of Styrenes with Different Fluorine Source: Access to Fluoroalkyl Derivatives. J Org Chem 2024. [PMID: 38875179 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
A mild protocol for electrochemically oxidative fluorodifunctionalization of styrenes has been demonstrated. The reaction proceeds under metal, external oxidant, and catalyst free conditions, allowing tunable access to a wide variety of synthetically useful fluoroalkyl derivatives, such as β-fluorosulfone/fluoromethyl, fluorothiocyanation, and vinylsulfonyl derivatives. Moreover, CsF was shown to be the proper fluorine source for this electrochemical fluorodifunctionalization transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boao Li
- Department of Chemistry, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiaojian Liao
- Department of Chemistry, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Linzi Wen
- Department of Chemistry, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Mengyao Mi
- Department of Chemistry, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiwen Xing
- Department of Chemistry, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Pengju Feng
- Department of Chemistry, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Shihai Xu
- Department of Chemistry, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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Wu F, Chang J, Bai D. Synthesis of Sterically Hindered Dialkyl Ethers via Palladium-Catalyzed Fluoro-alkoxylation of gem-Difluoroalkenes. Org Lett 2024; 26:4953-4957. [PMID: 38815137 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c01541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Organofluorine compounds are of high value in medicinal and agricultural chemistry. Herein, we report a palladium-catalyzed fluoro-alkoxylation of gem-difluoroalkenes for the synthesis of much more challenging sterically hindered ethers. This reaction represents a direct synthesis method for α-trifluoromethyl ethers with a broad functional group tolerance and excellent regioselectivity. This system employs N-fluorobenzenesulfonimide (NFSI) as an electrophilic fluorine source and alcohols as nucleophilic donors, including but not limited to sterically hindered tert-substituted alcohols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Pingyuan Laboratory, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Junbiao Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Pingyuan Laboratory, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Dachang Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Pingyuan Laboratory, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
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3
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Wen L, Zou Z, Zhou N, Sun C, Xie P, Feng P. Electrochemical Fluorination Functionalization of gem-Difluoroalkenes with CsF as a Fluorine Source: Access to Fluoroalkyl Building Blocks. Org Lett 2024; 26:241-246. [PMID: 38156980 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Using easily handled CsF as a fluorine source, an electrochemically metal-free protocol for chemo- and regioselective synthesis of various types of long-chain perfluoroalkyl aromatics with gem-difluoroalkene as a substrate and an alcohol or azole as an additional nucleophile was developed. The eletrochemical transformation could tolerate several functional groups, such as halogens, cyanos, benzyls, and heterocycles, and is amenable to gram-scale. The application of this electrochemical method in radiofluorination was also tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linzi Wen
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Ziyan Zou
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Naifu Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Chengbo Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Peixu Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Pengju Feng
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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Chen R, Yin D, Lu L, Feng XT, Dou Y, Zhu Y, Fan S. Synthesis of α-Trifluoromethyl Alkynes through Fluoroalkynylation of gem-Difluoroalkenes. Org Lett 2023; 25:7293-7297. [PMID: 37772796 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
A trifluoromethylalkynylation reaction of gem-difluoroalkenes with alkynyl sulfoxide by photoredox radical addition with good functional group tolerance in moderate to high yields, is developed for the synthesis of α-trifluoromethyl alkyne. This reaction features simple operation and inexpensive raw materials and provides an expeditious route to synthesize biologically relevant fluorine-containing alkynyl compounds with diverse structural skeletons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Dengyu Yin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Lishuai Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Xiao-Tian Feng
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yandong Dou
- Anhui Heryi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Chuzhou 239000, China
| | - Yanwu Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Shilu Fan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
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Han X, Liu X, Len C, Liu L, Wang D, Zhang Y, Duan XH, Hu M. Photoredox-Catalyzed gem-Difluoromethylenation of Aliphatic Alcohols with 1,1-Difluoroalkenes to Access α,α-Difluoromethylene Ethers. J Org Chem 2023; 88:12744-12754. [PMID: 37610918 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
A switchable synthesis of alcohols and ketones bearing a CF2-OR scaffold using visible-light promotion is described. The method of PDI catalysis is characterized by its ease of operation, broad substrate scopes, and the ability to switch between desired products without the need for transition metal catalysts. The addition or absence of a base plays a key role in controlling the synthesis of the major desired products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Han
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Xin Liu
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Christophe Len
- CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences, Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, F-75005 Paris, France
- Université de Technologie de Compiègne, Sorbonne Université, F-60203 Compiègne, France
| | - Le Liu
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Dongdong Wang
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Yinbin Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Xin-Hua Duan
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Mingyou Hu
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
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