1
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Horáková P, Kočí K. Continuous-Flow Chemistry and Photochemistry for Manufacturing of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27238536. [PMID: 36500629 PMCID: PMC9738912 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
An active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) is any substance in a pharmaceutical product that is biologically active. That means the specific molecular entity is capable of achieving a defined biological effect on the target. These ingredients need to meet very strict limits; chemical and optical purity are considered to be the most important ones. A continuous-flow synthetic methodology which utilizes a continuously flowing stream of reactive fluids can be easily combined with photochemistry, which works with the chemical effects of light. These methods can be useful tools to meet these strict limits. Both of these methods are unique and powerful tools for the preparation of natural products or active pharmaceutical ingredients and their precursors with high structural complexity under mild conditions. This review shows some main directions in the field of active pharmaceutical ingredients' preparation using continuous-flow chemistry and photochemistry with numerous examples of industry and laboratory-scale applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavlína Horáková
- Institute of Environmental Technology, CEET, VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
- TEVA Czech Industries s.r.o., 747 70 Opava, Czech Republic
- Correspondence:
| | - Kamila Kočí
- Institute of Environmental Technology, CEET, VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
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2
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Okazaki S, Senda K, Tokuta A, Inagaki M, Kamaike K, Ota K, Miyaoka H. Biomimetic total synthesis of plakortone Q via acid-mediated tandem cyclization. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:6771-6775. [PMID: 35796262 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01032a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Plakortone Q and plakdiepoxide are natural polyketides isolated from the marine sponge Plakortis simplex. Bicyclo[3.3.0]furanolactone compounds, including plakortone Q, are expected to exhibit a wide range of pharmacological activities. Therefore, developing a simple and versatile synthetic method to produce these compounds is an important research goal. We have achieved the first total synthesis of plakortone Q and plakdiepoxide through an efficient protecting-group-free strategy. The key transformation was an acid-mediated tandem 5-endo-tet/5-endo-tet cyclization of vicinal diepoxide to build the tetrahydrofuran-γ-lactone motif.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinnosuke Okazaki
- School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan.
| | - Kaho Senda
- School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan.
| | - Ayaka Tokuta
- School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan.
| | - Misa Inagaki
- School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan.
| | - Kazuo Kamaike
- School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan.
| | - Koichiro Ota
- School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan.
| | - Hiroaki Miyaoka
- School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan.
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3
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Buglioni L, Raymenants F, Slattery A, Zondag SDA, Noël T. Technological Innovations in Photochemistry for Organic Synthesis: Flow Chemistry, High-Throughput Experimentation, Scale-up, and Photoelectrochemistry. Chem Rev 2022; 122:2752-2906. [PMID: 34375082 PMCID: PMC8796205 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 114.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Photoinduced chemical transformations have received in recent years a tremendous amount of attention, providing a plethora of opportunities to synthetic organic chemists. However, performing a photochemical transformation can be quite a challenge because of various issues related to the delivery of photons. These challenges have barred the widespread adoption of photochemical steps in the chemical industry. However, in the past decade, several technological innovations have led to more reproducible, selective, and scalable photoinduced reactions. Herein, we provide a comprehensive overview of these exciting technological advances, including flow chemistry, high-throughput experimentation, reactor design and scale-up, and the combination of photo- and electro-chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Buglioni
- Micro
Flow Chemistry and Synthetic Methodology, Department of Chemical Engineering
and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Het Kranenveld, Bldg 14—Helix, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Flow
Chemistry Group, van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences
(HIMS), Universiteit van Amsterdam (UvA), Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Fabian Raymenants
- Flow
Chemistry Group, van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences
(HIMS), Universiteit van Amsterdam (UvA), Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aidan Slattery
- Flow
Chemistry Group, van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences
(HIMS), Universiteit van Amsterdam (UvA), Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan D. A. Zondag
- Flow
Chemistry Group, van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences
(HIMS), Universiteit van Amsterdam (UvA), Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Timothy Noël
- Flow
Chemistry Group, van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences
(HIMS), Universiteit van Amsterdam (UvA), Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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4
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Ariztia J, Chateau A, Boura C, Didierjean C, Lamandé-Langle S, Pellegrini Moïse N. Synthesis of anti-proliferative [3.3.0]furofuranone derivatives by lactonization and functionalization of C-glycosyl compounds. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 45:116313. [PMID: 34325324 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The [3.3.0]furofuranone structure is found in numerous families of biologically active natural products. We took advantage of the stereodiversity afforded by carbohydrate derivatives to prepare several compounds structurally similar to goniofufurone and crassalactones which are natural cytotoxic agents. We designed and synthesized several stereoisomers of these natural compounds via lactonization of C-glycosyl compounds bearing an hydroxyl on position 4 and a methyl ester on the pseudo-anomeric positionThe reactivity of this bicyclic moiety was explored through etherification of hydroxyls in position 5 and 7 and various substituants (halogen, phenyl, benzyl, cynanmoyl) were introduced. The anti-proliferative properties of these mimics were then evaluated on various cancer cell lines and two compounds 24 and 35 demonstrated IC50 value of 1.34 µM (U251) and 7.60 µM (U87) respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julen Ariztia
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, L2CM, F-5400 Nancy, France
| | - Alicia Chateau
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, CRAN, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Cédric Boura
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, CRAN, F-54000 Nancy, France
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5
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Gambacorta G, Sharley JS, Baxendale IR. A comprehensive review of flow chemistry techniques tailored to the flavours and fragrances industries. Beilstein J Org Chem 2021; 17:1181-1312. [PMID: 34136010 PMCID: PMC8182698 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.17.90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to their intrinsic physical properties, which includes being able to perform as volatile liquids at room and biological temperatures, fragrance ingredients/intermediates make ideal candidates for continuous-flow manufacturing. This review highlights the potential crossover between a multibillion dollar industry and the flourishing sub-field of flow chemistry evolving within the discipline of organic synthesis. This is illustrated through selected examples of industrially important transformations specific to the fragrances and flavours industry and by highlighting the advantages of conducting these transformations by using a flow approach. This review is designed to be a compendium of techniques and apparatus already published in the chemical and engineering literature which would constitute a known solution or inspiration for commonly encountered procedures in the manufacture of fragrance and flavour chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido Gambacorta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Durham, Stockton Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - James S Sharley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Durham, Stockton Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Ian R Baxendale
- Department of Chemistry, University of Durham, Stockton Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
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6
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García-Lacuna J, Domínguez G, Pérez-Castells J. Flow Chemistry for Cycloaddition Reactions. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:5138-5163. [PMID: 32662578 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202001372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Continuous flow reactors form part of a rapidly growing research area that has changed the way synthetic chemistry is performed not only in academia but also at the industrial level. This Review highlights the most recent advances in cycloaddition reactions performed in flow systems. Cycloadditions are atom-efficient transformations for the synthesis of carbo- and heterocycles, involved in the construction of challenging skeletons of complex molecules. The main advantages of translating these processes into flow include using intensified conditions, safer handling of hazardous reagents and gases, easy tuning of reaction conditions, and straightforward scaling up. These benefits are especially important in cycloadditions such as the copper(I)-catalyzed azide alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC), Diels-Alder reaction, ozonolysis and [2+2] photocycloadditions. Some of these transformations are key reactions in the industrial synthesis of pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge García-Lacuna
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28660, Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gema Domínguez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28660, Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Pérez-Castells
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28660, Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
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7
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Bhat BA, Rashid S, Sengupta S, Mehta G. Recent Advances in Total Synthesis of Bioactive Furo[3,2‐
b
]furanone Natural Products. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201900714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bilal A. Bhat
- CSIR-Medicinal Chemistry DivisionIndian Institute of Integrative Medicine Sanatnagar-Srinagar 190005 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research India
| | - Showkat Rashid
- CSIR-Medicinal Chemistry DivisionIndian Institute of Integrative Medicine Sanatnagar-Srinagar 190005 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research India
| | | | - Goverdhan Mehta
- School of ChemistryUniversity of Hyderabad Hyderabad 500046 India
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8
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Di Filippo M, Bracken C, Baumann M. Continuous Flow Photochemistry for the Preparation of Bioactive Molecules. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25020356. [PMID: 31952244 PMCID: PMC7024297 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25020356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The last decade has witnessed a remarkable development towards improved and new photochemical transformations in response to greener and more sustainable chemical synthesis needs. Additionally, the availability of modern continuous flow reactors has enabled widespread applications in view of more streamlined and custom designed flow processes. In this focused review article, we wish to evaluate the standing of the field of continuous flow photochemistry with a specific emphasis on the generation of bioactive entities, including natural products, drugs and their precursors. To this end we highlight key developments in this field that have contributed to the progress achieved to date. Dedicated sections present the variety of suitable reactor designs and set-ups available; a short discussion on the relevance of greener and more sustainable approaches; and selected key applications in the area of bioactive structures. A final section outlines remaining challenges and areas that will benefit from further developments in this fast-moving area. It is hoped that this report provides a valuable update on this important field of synthetic chemistry which may fuel developments in the future.
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9
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A concise synthesis of (+)-goniofufurone, (+)-7-epi-goniofufurone, (+)-crassalactones B and C. Tetrahedron Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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10
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Bogdan AR, Dombrowski AW. Emerging Trends in Flow Chemistry and Applications to the Pharmaceutical Industry. J Med Chem 2019; 62:6422-6468. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R. Bogdan
- Discovery Chemistry and Technology, AbbVie, Inc. 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Amanda W. Dombrowski
- Discovery Chemistry and Technology, AbbVie, Inc. 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
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11
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El Achi N, Gelat F, Cheval NP, Mazzah A, Bakkour Y, Penhoat M, Chausset-Boissarie L, Rolando C. Sensitized [2 + 2] intramolecular photocycloaddition of unsaturated enones using UV LEDs in a continuous flow reactor: kinetic and preparative aspects. REACT CHEM ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8re00314a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A photocatalysed cycloaddition by benzophenone derivatives under flow and UVA LED irradiation is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nassim El Achi
- USR 3290
- MSAP
- Miniaturisation pour la Synthèse l'Analyse et la Protéomique and FR 2638
- Institut Eugène-Michel Chevreul
- Université de Lille
| | - Fabien Gelat
- USR 3290
- MSAP
- Miniaturisation pour la Synthèse l'Analyse et la Protéomique and FR 2638
- Institut Eugène-Michel Chevreul
- Université de Lille
| | - Nicolas P. Cheval
- USR 3290
- MSAP
- Miniaturisation pour la Synthèse l'Analyse et la Protéomique and FR 2638
- Institut Eugène-Michel Chevreul
- Université de Lille
| | - Ahmed Mazzah
- USR 3290
- MSAP
- Miniaturisation pour la Synthèse l'Analyse et la Protéomique and FR 2638
- Institut Eugène-Michel Chevreul
- Université de Lille
| | - Youssef Bakkour
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry
- Lebanese University
- Tripoli
- Lebanon
| | - Maël Penhoat
- USR 3290
- MSAP
- Miniaturisation pour la Synthèse l'Analyse et la Protéomique and FR 2638
- Institut Eugène-Michel Chevreul
- Université de Lille
| | - Laëtitia Chausset-Boissarie
- USR 3290
- MSAP
- Miniaturisation pour la Synthèse l'Analyse et la Protéomique and FR 2638
- Institut Eugène-Michel Chevreul
- Université de Lille
| | - Christian Rolando
- USR 3290
- MSAP
- Miniaturisation pour la Synthèse l'Analyse et la Protéomique and FR 2638
- Institut Eugène-Michel Chevreul
- Université de Lille
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12
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Abstract
This review represents the most complete description of the scientific results obtained on a photochemical reaction described 110 years ago by an Italian scientist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio D'Auria
- Dipartimento di Scienze
- Università della Basilicata
- 85100 Potenza
- Italy
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13
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Francuz J, Popsavin M, Djokić S, Kojić V, Srdić-Rajić T, Rodić MV, Jakimov D, Popsavin V. Novel O-methyl goniofufurone and 7- epi-goniofufurone derivatives: synthesis, in vitro cytotoxicity and SAR analysis. MEDCHEMCOMM 2018; 9:2017-2027. [PMID: 30746062 PMCID: PMC6335996 DOI: 10.1039/c8md00431e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Novel goniofufurone (1) and 7-epi-goniofufurone (2) derivatives bearing a methoxy group at the C-5 and/or C-7 positions were prepared and their in vitro antitumour activity against some human tumour cell lines was evaluated. Some of the analogues displayed powerful antiproliferative effects against the studied tumour cells, but almost all of them were non-cytotoxic toward the normal cells (MRC-5). A SAR study reveals that the introduction of a methoxy group at the C-7 position may increase the antiproliferative effects of the analogues. The most active compounds are 7-O-methyl derivatives of goniofufurone (3) and 7-epi-(+)-goniofufurone (6), which exhibited 1177- and 451-fold higher potencies than the leads 1 and 2 toward the MDA-MB 231 cell line. At the same time, compound 3 is almost 1.5-fold more active than the commercial drug doxorubicin (DOX) against the same cell line. Flow cytometry data confirmed that the cytotoxic effects of these analogues are mediated by apoptosis, additionally revealing that these molecules induced changes in the K562 cell cycle distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jovana Francuz
- Department of Chemistry , Biochemistry and Environmental Protection , Faculty of Sciences , University of Novi Sad , Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3 , 21000 Novi Sad , Serbia .
| | - Mirjana Popsavin
- Department of Chemistry , Biochemistry and Environmental Protection , Faculty of Sciences , University of Novi Sad , Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3 , 21000 Novi Sad , Serbia .
| | - Sanja Djokić
- Department of Chemistry , Biochemistry and Environmental Protection , Faculty of Sciences , University of Novi Sad , Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3 , 21000 Novi Sad , Serbia .
| | - Vesna Kojić
- Oncology Institute of Vojvodina , Faculty of Medicine , University of Novi Sad , Put Dr Goldmana 4 , 21204 Sremska Kamenica , Serbia
| | - Tatjana Srdić-Rajić
- Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia , Pasterova 14 , 11000 Belgrade , Serbia
| | - Marko V Rodić
- Department of Chemistry , Biochemistry and Environmental Protection , Faculty of Sciences , University of Novi Sad , Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3 , 21000 Novi Sad , Serbia .
| | - Dimitar Jakimov
- Oncology Institute of Vojvodina , Faculty of Medicine , University of Novi Sad , Put Dr Goldmana 4 , 21204 Sremska Kamenica , Serbia
| | - Velimir Popsavin
- Department of Chemistry , Biochemistry and Environmental Protection , Faculty of Sciences , University of Novi Sad , Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3 , 21000 Novi Sad , Serbia .
- Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts , Knez Mihailova 35 , 11000 Belgrade , Serbia
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14
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Politano F, Oksdath-Mansilla G. Light on the Horizon: Current Research and Future Perspectives in Flow Photochemistry. Org Process Res Dev 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.8b00213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Politano
- INFIQC-CONICET-UNC, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Gabriela Oksdath-Mansilla
- INFIQC-CONICET-UNC, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
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15
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Poscharny K, Fabry D, Heddrich S, Sugiono E, Liauw M, Rueping M. Machine assisted reaction optimization: A self-optimizing reactor system for continuous-flow photochemical reactions. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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16
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Fréneau M, Hoffmann N. The Paternò-Büchi reaction—Mechanisms and application to organic synthesis. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C-PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2017.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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17
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Mizuno K, Nishiyama Y, Ogaki T, Terao K, Ikeda H, Kakiuchi K. Utilization of microflow reactors to carry out synthetically useful organic photochemical reactions. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C-PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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18
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Kassir AF, Ragab SS, Nguyen TAM, Charnay-Pouget F, Guillot R, Scherrmann MC, Boddaert T, Aitken DJ. Synthetic Access to All Four Stereoisomers of Oxetin. J Org Chem 2016; 81:9983-9991. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b01795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sherif S. Ragab
- Photochemistry
Department, Chemical Industries Research Division, National Research Center, Dokki, 12622 Giza, Egypt
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19
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Elliott LD, Berry M, Harji B, Klauber D, Leonard J, Booker-Milburn KI. A Small-Footprint, High-Capacity Flow Reactor for UV Photochemical Synthesis on the Kilogram Scale. Org Process Res Dev 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.6b00277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luke D. Elliott
- School
of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Malcolm Berry
- GlaxoSmithKline, Gunnels
Wood Road, Stevenage SG1
2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Bashir Harji
- Cambridge Reactor Design Ltd., Unit D2, Brookfield Business Centre, Twentypence Road, Cottenham CB24 8PS, United Kingdom
| | - David Klauber
- Pharmaceutical
Sciences, AstraZeneca, Silk Road Business Park, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, United Kingdom
| | - John Leonard
- Pharmaceutical
Sciences, AstraZeneca, Silk Road Business Park, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin I. Booker-Milburn
- School
of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
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20
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D’Auria M, Pellegrino F, Viggiani L. The diastereoselectivity of the Paternò-Büchi reaction between 2,3-dihydrofuran and aromatic carbonyl compounds in organized medium. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2016.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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