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Sosoe JOE, Malveau C, Maris T, Iftimie R, Wuest JD. Refreshing the Legacy of Rudolf Nietzki: Benzene-1,2,4,5-tetramine and Related Compounds. J Org Chem 2023; 88:16302-16314. [PMID: 37955666 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Like hydroquinones and quinones, aromatic compounds with multiple NH2 groups and the corresponding quinonediimines have the potential to serve as components of useful redox-active organic materials. Benzene-1,2,4,5-tetramine (BTA) and its oxidized form BTA-H2 offer a promising redox pair of this type, and the compounds have proven to be useful in many areas of chemistry. However, key aspects of their behavior have remained poorly studied, such as the nature of their protonated forms, their preferred molecular structures, their reactivity, and their organization in condensed phases. In the present work, we have used a combination of improved methods of synthesis, computation, spectroscopic studies, and structural analyses to develop a deeper understanding of BTA, BTA-H2, their salts, and related compounds. The new knowledge is expected to accelerate exploitation of the compounds in areas of materials science where desirable properties can only be attained by properly controlling the organization of molecular components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johann O E Sosoe
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H2V 0B3, Canada
| | - Cédric Malveau
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H2V 0B3, Canada
| | - Thierry Maris
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H2V 0B3, Canada
| | - Radu Iftimie
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H2V 0B3, Canada
| | - James D Wuest
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H2V 0B3, Canada
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Zhao J, Jin B. Solvent polarity dependent excited state hydrogen bond effects and intramolecular double proton transfer mechanism for 2-hydroxyphenyl-substituted benzo[1,2-d:4,5-d']bisimidazole system. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 250:119394. [PMID: 33422870 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.119394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we probe into the photo-induced excited state hydrogen bonding interactions and excited state proton transfer (ESPT) behaviors for a representative benzo[1,2-d:4,5-d']bisimidazole derivative (i.e., 2-hydroxyphenyl-substituted benzo[1,2-d:4,5-d']bisimidazole (HPBB)) compound. In view of aprotic solvents with different polarities, cyclohexane (CYH), dichloromethane (DCM) and acetonitrile (MeCN) solvents are considered. Analyzing hydrogen-bond geometrical parameters, infrared (IR) vibrational spectra, Mayer bond order and predicting hydrogen bonding energy (E(HB)), we verify dual hydrogen bonds of HPBB are strengthened in S1 state. Particularly, in nonpolar solvent, the enhanced excited state hydrogen bonds become more obvious. The intriguing charge redistribution and frontier molecular orbitals (MOs) reveal hydrogen bonding acceptance ability of acceptor moieties becomes stronger, which plays a crucial role in capturing hydroxyl proton via photoexcitation. To check and explore ESIPT mechanism, we present the solvent polarity dependent asynchronous excited state intramolecular double proton transfer (ESIDPT) mechanism. That is, nonpolar solvent promotes excited state intramolecular single proton transfer (ESISPT) process for HPBB, while polar solvent contributes to ESIDPT behavior with the primary single proton-transfer product in S1 state. This work not only makes a rational attribution to experimental phenomena, but also clarifies detailed excited state behaviors for HPBB and presents regulating ESIPT mechanism via solvent polarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Zhao
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266235, PR China
| | - Bing Jin
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266235, PR China.
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Thapa P, Palacios PM, Tran T, Pierce BS, Foss FW. 1,2-Disubstituted Benzimidazoles by the Iron Catalyzed Cross-Dehydrogenative Coupling of Isomeric o-Phenylenediamine Substrates. J Org Chem 2020; 85:1991-2009. [PMID: 31928002 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b02714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Benzimidazoles are common in nature, medicines, and materials. Numerous strategies for preparing 2-arylbenzimidazoles exist. In this work, 1,2-disubstituted benzimidazoles were prepared from various mono- and disubstituted ortho-phenylenediamines (OPD) by iron-catalyzed oxidative coupling. Specifically, O2 and FeCl3·6H2O catalyzed the cross-dehydrogenative coupling and aromatization of diarylmethyl and dialkyl benzimidazole precursors. N,N'-Disubstituted-OPD substrates were significantly more reactive than their N,N-disubstituted isomers, which appears to be relative to their propensity for complexation and charge transfer with Fe3+. The reaction also converted N-monosubstituted OPD substrates to 2-substituted benzimidazoles; however, electron-poor substrates produce 1,2-disubstituted benzimidazoles by intermolecular imino-transfer. Kinetic, reagent, and spectroscopic (UV-vis and EPR) studies suggest a mechanism involving metal-substrate complexation, charge transfer, and aerobic turnover, involving high-valent Fe(IV) intermediates. Overall, comparative strategies for the relatively sustainable and efficient synthesis of 1,2-disubstituted benzimidazoles are demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawan Thapa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The University of Texas Arlington , Arlington , Texas 76019-0065 , United States
| | - Philip M Palacios
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The University of Texas Arlington , Arlington , Texas 76019-0065 , United States
| | - Tam Tran
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The University of Texas Arlington , Arlington , Texas 76019-0065 , United States
| | - Brad S Pierce
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The University of Alabama , Tuscaloosa , Alabama 35487 , United States
| | - Frank W Foss
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The University of Texas Arlington , Arlington , Texas 76019-0065 , United States
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Chen Z, Bert M, Pascal S, Canard G, Siri O. Versatile transamination in quinonediimine chemistry: Towards a novel class of water soluble UV/violet chromophores. Tetrahedron Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2019.151024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Chen Z, Canard G, Jacquemin D, Bucher C, Giorgi M, Siri O. Hetero-Bimetallic Effect as a Route to Access Multinuclear Complexes. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:12536-12542. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b01466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongrui Chen
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS UMR 7325, CINaM, Campus de Luminy, case 913, 13288 Marseille cedex 09, France
| | - Gabriel Canard
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS UMR 7325, CINaM, Campus de Luminy, case 913, 13288 Marseille cedex 09, France
| | - Denis Jacquemin
- CEISAM UMR CNRS 6230, Université de Nantes, 2 rue de la Houssinière, BP 92208, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France
| | - Christophe Bucher
- Laboratoire de Chimie, UMR 5182, CNRS−Univ. Lyon, ENS de Lyon, Univ. Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Michel Giorgi
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, FSCM, Marseille, France
| | - Olivier Siri
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS UMR 7325, CINaM, Campus de Luminy, case 913, 13288 Marseille cedex 09, France
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Pascal S, Siri O. Benzoquinonediimine ligands: Synthesis, coordination chemistry and properties. Coord Chem Rev 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2017.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Lavaud L, Chen Z, Elhabiri M, Jacquemin D, Canard G, Siri O. Di- vs. tetra-substituted quinonediimines: a drastic effect on coordination chemistry. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:12794-12803. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt01884c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
N,N′-Di-substituted benzoquinonediimine ligands behave differently in coordination chemistry compared to the well-known N,N′,N′′,N′′′-tetra-substituted analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucien Lavaud
- Aix Marseille Université
- CNRS UMR 7325 Centre Interdisciplinaire de Nanosciences de Marseille (CINaM)
- 13288 Marseille cedex 09
- France
| | - Zhongrui Chen
- Aix Marseille Université
- CNRS UMR 7325 Centre Interdisciplinaire de Nanosciences de Marseille (CINaM)
- 13288 Marseille cedex 09
- France
| | - Mourad Elhabiri
- Equipe Chimie Bioorganique et Médicinale
- Laboratoire de chimie Moléculaire
- UMR 7509 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg
- 67200 Strasbourg
- France
| | - Denis Jacquemin
- Laboratoire CEISAM
- UMR CNRS 6230
- Université de Nantes
- 44322 Nantes
- France
| | - Gabriel Canard
- Aix Marseille Université
- CNRS UMR 7325 Centre Interdisciplinaire de Nanosciences de Marseille (CINaM)
- 13288 Marseille cedex 09
- France
| | - Olivier Siri
- Aix Marseille Université
- CNRS UMR 7325 Centre Interdisciplinaire de Nanosciences de Marseille (CINaM)
- 13288 Marseille cedex 09
- France
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