1
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Kuan JY, Chen JH, Han JL. Switchable Synthesis of Tritylone Alcohols and 2-Benzoylbenzoate Esters from Spiroindane-1,3-diones. J Org Chem 2024. [PMID: 39132851 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c01296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
A solvent-controlled regioselective rearrangement reaction of spiroindane-1,3-diones with a leaving group has been developed. In acetonitrile solvent, the spiroindane-1,3-diones 3 were rearranged to provide tritylone alcohols, while 2-benzoylbenzoate ester derivatives were obtained if the reactions were performed in alcohols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jen-Yu Kuan
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City, Taiwan 40227, Republic of China
| | - Jing-Huei Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City, Taiwan 40227, Republic of China
| | - Jeng-Liang Han
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City, Taiwan 40227, Republic of China
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2
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Kachore A, Aggarwal V, Bala E, Singh H, Guleria S, Sharma S, Pathan S, Saima, Selvaraj M, Assiri MA, Kumar Verma P. Recent Advances in Direct Regioselective C-H Chlorination at Aromatic and Aliphatic. Chem Asian J 2024:e202400391. [PMID: 38825568 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202400391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Direct installation of key functionalities in a molecule through C-H bond activation is one of the thrust areas as well as challenging task in organic synthesis. Particularly, introduction of chlorine in a molecule imparts additional benefits for further functionalizations as well as improves the electronic behaviour such as lipophilicity and polarity towards drug development process. The chlorinated molecules have also been established as efficient biologically relevant scaffolds. Current manuscript has been focused on the direct installation of the chlorine atom at various aromatic and aliphatic positions to produce functional molecules. The key highlight of the manuscript belongs to the site selectivity (regioselectivity) for the installation of chlorine functionality. Manuscript describes the advanced methods developed for the direct C-H chlorination reactions and further simplified for the chlorination reactions at various positions including aromatic (o-, m-, and p-), benzylic, heteroaromatic, and aliphatic positions. Directing groups (DGs) and the coordination with the catalyst is the key for the enhancement of regioselectivities during direct C-H chlorination reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Kachore
- School of Advanced Chemical Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, 173229, Solan, H.P., India
| | - Varun Aggarwal
- School of Advanced Chemical Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, 173229, Solan, H.P., India
| | - Ekta Bala
- School of Advanced Chemical Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, 173229, Solan, H.P., India
| | - Hemant Singh
- School of Advanced Chemical Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, 173229, Solan, H.P., India
| | - Saksham Guleria
- School of Advanced Chemical Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, 173229, Solan, H.P., India
| | - Sakshi Sharma
- School of Advanced Chemical Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, 173229, Solan, H.P., India
| | - Sameer Pathan
- School of Advanced Chemical Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, 173229, Solan, H.P., India
| | - Saima
- School of Advanced Chemical Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, 173229, Solan, H.P., India
| | - Manickam Selvaraj
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, PO Box 9004, 61413, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Research Centre for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, PO Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Assiri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, PO Box 9004, 61413, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Research Centre for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, PO Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Praveen Kumar Verma
- School of Advanced Chemical Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, 173229, Solan, H.P., India
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, SIMATS, Saveetha University, 600077, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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3
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Bone KI, Puleo TR, Bandar JS. Direct C-H Hydroxylation of N-Heteroarenes and Benzenes via Base-Catalyzed Halogen Transfer. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:9755-9767. [PMID: 38530788 PMCID: PMC11006572 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c14058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Hydroxylated (hetero)arenes are valued in many industries as both key constituents of end products and diversifiable synthetic building blocks. Accordingly, the development of reactions that complement and address the limitations of existing methods for the introduction of aromatic hydroxyl groups is an important goal. To this end, we apply base-catalyzed halogen transfer (X-transfer) to enable the direct C-H hydroxylation of mildly acidic N-heteroarenes and benzenes. This protocol employs an alkoxide base to catalyze X-transfer from sacrificial 2-halothiophene oxidants to aryl substrates, forming SNAr-active intermediates that undergo nucleophilic hydroxylation. Key to this process is the use of 2-phenylethanol as an inexpensive hydroxide surrogate that, after aromatic substitution and rapid elimination, provides the hydroxylated arene and styrene byproduct. Use of simple 2-halothiophenes allows for C-H hydroxylation of 6-membered N-heteroarenes and 1,3-azole derivatives, while a rationally designed 2-halobenzothiophene oxidant extends the scope to electron-deficient benzene substrates. Mechanistic studies indicate that aromatic X-transfer is reversible, suggesting that the deprotonation, halogenation, and substitution steps operate in synergy, manifesting in unique selectivity trends that are not necessarily dependent on the most acidic aryl position. The utility of this method is further demonstrated through streamlined target molecule syntheses, examples of regioselectivity that contrast alternative C-H hydroxylation methods, and the scalable recycling of the thiophene oxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kendelyn I. Bone
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Thomas R. Puleo
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Jeffrey S. Bandar
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
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4
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Huang BW, Han JL. Regioselectivity Switch between Enantioselective 1,2- and 1,4-Addition of Allyl Aryl Ketones with 2,3-Dioxopyrrolidines. J Org Chem 2023; 88:16376-16390. [PMID: 37948045 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
A vinylogous addition reaction of allyl aryl ketones with good yields and excellent regioselectivity catalyzed by squaramide catalysts has been developed. A series of chiral tertiary alcohols and bicyclic pyrrolidones could be synthesized in good to excellent yields, enantioselectivities, and diaseteroselectivities. Both experimental results and DFT calculations indicate that 1,2-addition reaction is favorable when the reaction is employed at a lower temperature, while the 1,4-addition/cyclization pathway is favorable when the reaction is employed at a higher temperature. Furthermore, the formation of compound 4 can potentially arise from either the 1,4-addition/cyclization pathway or retro-aldol reaction of compound 3, followed by subsequent 1,4-addition/cyclization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Wei Huang
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City 40227 Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jeng-Liang Han
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City 40227 Taiwan, R.O.C
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5
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Jiao Y, Chen Z, Qiu W, Xie H, Yang J, Peng X, Xie W, Gu Q, Li M, Liu K, Su SJ. Mild Synthesis of Polychlorinated Arenes for Efficient Organic Light-emitting Diodes with Dual Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202309104. [PMID: 37500601 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202309104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated (hetero)arenes have shown great promise for organic optoelectronics applications. However, the harsh synthetic routes for polychlorinated compounds and the possible luminescence quenching from the compact intermolecular π-π stacking induced by chlorine atoms limit their investigations and applications in luminescent materials. Herein, two isomeric polychlorinated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) compounds JY-1-Cl and JY-2-Cl consisting of rigidified aryl ketones and amine are designed and synthesized under mild conditions through nucleophilic chlorination intermediated by an electron donor-acceptor complex. Among them, as a result of the strong π-π interactions induced by chlorine atoms, JY-2-Cl exhibits bright monomer and dimer emissions with dual thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) characters. Notably, compared with the non-chlorinated compounds, a high photoluminescence quantum yield is maintained after introducing multiple chlorine atoms into JY-2-Cl. The first dual-TADF organic light-emitting diodes are also successfully fabricated with maximum external quantum efficiency as high as 29.1 % by employing JY-2-Cl as emitter. This work presents a new paradigm and synthesis of polychlorinated amine-carbonyl PAHs and demonstrates the great potential of the chlorinated materials for luminescent applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihang Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510640, Guang-dong Province, P. R. China
| | - Zijian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510640, Guang-dong Province, P. R. China
| | - Weidong Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510640, Guang-dong Province, P. R. China
| | - Hongwei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510640, Guang-dong Province, P. R. China
| | - Jiaji Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510640, Guang-dong Province, P. R. China
| | - Xiaomei Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510640, Guang-dong Province, P. R. China
| | - Wentao Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510640, Guang-dong Province, P. R. China
| | - Qing Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510640, Guang-dong Province, P. R. China
| | - Mengke Li
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510640, Guang-dong Province, P. R. China
| | - Kunkun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510640, Guang-dong Province, P. R. China
| | - Shi-Jian Su
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510640, Guang-dong Province, P. R. China
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6
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Cui HL, Chen XH. POCl 3/Sulfoxide and AcCl/Sulfoxide Mediated Chlorination of Pyrrolo[2,1- a]isoquinolines. J Org Chem 2023; 88:11935-11944. [PMID: 37550603 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
We have developed an efficient chlorination of pyrrolo[2,1-a]isoquinoline derivatives using POCl3 as the chlorine source and tetramethylene sulfoxide as a promoter. A series of pyrrolo[2,1-a]isoquinolines, polysubstituted pyrroles, and naphthols have been readily chlorinated under mild reaction conditions (26 examples, up to >99% yield). AcCl can also act as the chlorine source competently in this chlorination reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Lei Cui
- Laboratory of Asymmetric Synthesis, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, 319 Honghe Ave., Yongchuan, Chongqing 402160, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Hui Chen
- Laboratory of Asymmetric Synthesis, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, 319 Honghe Ave., Yongchuan, Chongqing 402160, P. R. China
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7
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Wang Q, Mu J, Zeng J, Wan L, Zhong Y, Li Q, Li Y, Wang H, Chen F. Additive-controlled asymmetric iodocyclization enables enantioselective access to both α- and β-nucleosides. Nat Commun 2023; 14:138. [PMID: 36627283 PMCID: PMC9831021 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35610-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
β-Nucleosides and their analogs are dominant clinically-used antiviral and antitumor drugs. α-Nucleosides, the anomers of β-nucleosides, exist in nature and have significant potential as drugs or drug carriers. Currently, the most widely used methods for synthesizing β- and α-nucleosides are via N-glycosylation and pentose aminooxazoline, respectively. However, the stereoselectivities of both methods highly depend on the assisting group at the C2' position. Herein, we report an additive-controlled stereodivergent iodocyclization method for the selective synthesis of α- or β-nucleosides. The stereoselectivity at the anomeric carbon is controlled by the additive (NaI for β-nucleosides; PPh3S for α-nucleosides). A series of β- and α-nucleosides are prepared in high yields (up to 95%) and stereoselectivities (β:α up to 66:1, α:β up to 70:1). Notably, the introduced iodine at the C2' position of the nucleoside is readily functionalized, leading to multiple structurally diverse nucleoside analogs, including stavudine, an FDA-approved anti-HIV agent, and molnupiravir, an FDA-approved anti-SARS-CoV-2 agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jiayi Mu
- Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jie Zeng
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Wuhan Institute of Technology, 430205, Wuhan, China
| | - Linxi Wan
- Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yangyang Zhong
- Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Qiuhong Li
- Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yitong Li
- Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Huijing Wang
- Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Fener Chen
- Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China. .,Engineering Center of Catalysis and synthesis for Chiral Molecules, Department of chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China. .,Shanghai Engineering Center of Industrial Asymmetric Catalysis for Chiral Drugs, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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8
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Lu TY, Hsu WY, Huang BW, Han JL. Reagent-Controlled Regiodivergent Annulations of Achmatowicz Products with Vinylogous Nucleophiles: Synthesis of Bicyclic Cyclopenta[ b]pyrans and 8-Oxabicyclo[3.2.1]octane Derivatives. Org Lett 2022; 24:7806-7811. [PMID: 36259648 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Two reagent-controlled regiodivergent annulation protocols for Achmatowicz products with vinylogous nucleophiles have been developed, which furnished a series of bicyclic cyclopenta[b]pyrans and 8-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]octane derivatives in 28-90% yields. Plausible mechanisms were proposed to involve either Pd-catalyzed Tsuji-Trost allyl-allyl coupling and concomitant Michael cyclization or quinine-promoted cascade stepwise [5 + 2] cycloaddition and intramolecular Michael cyclization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Yu Lu
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City 40227, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Wan-Yun Hsu
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City 40227, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Bo-Wei Huang
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City 40227, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Jeng-Liang Han
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City 40227, Taiwan, Republic of China
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9
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Ertürk E, Yeşil TA. Catalyst-Tuned Electrophilic Chlorination of Diverse Aromatic Compounds with Sulfuryl Chloride and Regioselective Chlorination of Phenols with Organocatalysts. J Org Chem 2022; 87:12558-12573. [PMID: 36137270 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we demonstrate that diverse aromatic compounds can be selectively chlorinated through the fine-tuning of the reactivity of sulfuryl chloride (SO2Cl2) by organocatalysts. Acetonitrile has been identified to activate SO2Cl2 most strongly, thus enabling even chlorination of p-xylene with high yields. 1,4-Dioxane effects chlorination of oxidation-labile aromatic compounds such as p-cresol and 2-naphthol with high yields, 95% and 85%, respectively. An array of potential catalysts has been screened for ortho- and para-selective chlorination of phenols. Thus, we found that acetonitrile, (S)-BINAPO (5 mol %), and diisopropyl ether (4.00 equiv) can catalyze the chlorination of phenols in a para-selective manner (with ≤4:96 o:p ratio), whereas Nagasawa's bis-thiourea (1 mol %), phenyl boronic acid (5 mol %), and (S)-diphenylprolinol (1 mol %) exhibit high ortho selectivity [with ≤99:1 o:p ratio by (S)-diphenylprolinol].
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Affiliation(s)
- Erkan Ertürk
- TÜBITAK Marmara Research Center, 41470 Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Tolga A Yeşil
- TÜBITAK Marmara Research Center, 41470 Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
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10
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Dodds AC, Puddu S, Sutherland A. Thioarylation of anilines using dual catalysis: two-step synthesis of phenothiazines. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:5602-5614. [PMID: 35796590 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01082h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A two-step synthesis of phenothiazines has been developed using a dual-catalytic ortho-thioarylation reaction of anilines as the key step. Activation of N-(2-bromophenylthio)succinimide was achieved using the super Lewis acid, iron(III) triflimide and the Lewis base, diphenyl selenide, resulting in an accelerated and efficient ortho-thioarylation reaction of various protected aniline derivatives and less reactive, unprotected analogues. The thioarylated adducts were then cyclised to the desired phenothiazines using either an Ullmann-Goldberg or Buchwald-Hartwig coupling reaction. The dual catalytic thioarylation and copper(I)-catalysed cyclisation approach was used for the four-step synthesis of methopromazine, a neuroleptic agent with antipsychotic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy C Dodds
- School of Chemistry, The Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.
| | - Sabrina Puddu
- School of Chemistry, The Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.
| | - Andrew Sutherland
- School of Chemistry, The Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.
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11
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Alvi S, Jayant V, Ali R. Applications of Oxone® in Organic Synthesis: An Emerging Green Reagent of Modern Era. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202200704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shakeel Alvi
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, Okhla New Delhi 110025 India
| | - Vikrant Jayant
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, Okhla New Delhi 110025 India
| | - Rashid Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, Okhla New Delhi 110025 India
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12
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Ruan Z, Wang M, Yang C, Zhu L, Su Z, Hong R. Total Synthesis of (+)-Hinckdentine A: Harnessing Noncovalent Interactions for Organocatalytic Bromination. JACS AU 2022; 2:793-800. [PMID: 35557764 PMCID: PMC9088303 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.2c00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Hinckdentine A, a marine-sponge-derived tribrominated indole alkaloid bearing a unique indolo[1,2-c]quinazoline skeleton, was completed in 12 steps featuring the construction of the Nα-quaternary carbon center by asymmetric azo-ene cyclization. A novel organocatalyst was developed to promote high-yielding tribromination, which represents a challenging process encountered in previous syntheses. Density functional theory calculations scrutinized viable substrates and deciphered the origin of the enhancement of C8 electrophilic bromination with a bifunctional organocatalyst. Moreover, the application of organocatalyst-enabled bromination on various substrates was demonstrated to highlight future late functionalizations of biologically intriguing targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuwei Ruan
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Center
for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic
Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101419, China
| | - Min Wang
- Key
Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Chen Yang
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Center
for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic
Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101419, China
| | - Lili Zhu
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Center
for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic
Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101419, China
| | - Zhishan Su
- Key
Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Ran Hong
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Center
for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic
Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101419, China
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13
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Zhu D, Chen ZM. Application of Chiral Lewis Base/Brønsted Acid Synergistic Catalysis Strategy in Enantioselective Synthesis of Organic Sulfides. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202208032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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14
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Gupta SS, Manisha, Kumar R, Dhiman AK, Sharma U. Predictable site-selective functionalization: Promoter group assisted para-halogenation of N-substituted (hetero )aromatics under metal-free condition. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:9675-9687. [PMID: 34730171 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob02000e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Herein, regioselective para-C-H halogenation of N-pyrimidyl (hetero)aromatics through SEAr (electrophilic aromatic substitution) type reaction is disclosed. SEAr type reaction has been utilized for the C5-bromination of indolines (para-selective) with N-bromosuccinimide under metal and additive-free conditions in good to excellent yields. The developed methodology is also applicable for iodination and challenging chlorination. The pyrimidyl group is identified as a reactivity tuner that also controls the regioselectivity. The present method is also applicable for selective halogenation of aniline, pyridine, indole, oxindole, pyrazole, tetrahydroquinoline, isoquinoline, and carbazole. DFT studies such as Fukui nucleophilicity and natural charge maps also support the observed p-selectivity. Post-functionalization of the title compound into the corresponding arylated, olefinated, and dihalogenated products is achieved in a one-pot, two-step fashion. Late-stage C-H bromination was also executed on drug/natural molecules (harmine, etoricoxib, clonidine, and chlorzoxazone) to demonstrate the applicability of the developed protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiv Shankar Gupta
- Chemical Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource and Technology, Palampur 176061, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Manisha
- Chemical Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource and Technology, Palampur 176061, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Chemical Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource and Technology, Palampur 176061, India. .,Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Ankit Kumar Dhiman
- Chemical Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource and Technology, Palampur 176061, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Upendra Sharma
- Chemical Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource and Technology, Palampur 176061, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
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15
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Abstract
Organocatalysts are abundantly used for various transformations, particularly to obtain highly enantio- and diastereomeric pure products by controlling the stereochemistry. These applications of organocatalysts have been the topic of several reviews. Organocatalysts have emerged as one of the very essential areas of research due to their mild reaction conditions, cost-effective nature, non-toxicity, and environmentally benign approach that obviates the need for transition metal catalysts and other toxic reagents. Various types of organocatalysts including amine catalysts, Brønsted acids, and Lewis bases such as N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) catalysts, cinchona alkaloids, 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP), and hydrogen bond-donating catalysts, have gained renewed interest because of their regioselectivity. In this review, we present recent advances in regiodivergent reactions that are governed by organocatalysts. Additionally, we briefly discuss the reaction pathways of achieving regiodivergent products by changes in conditions such as solvents, additives, or the temperature.
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16
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Liu F, Wu N, Cheng X. Chlorination Reaction of Aromatic Compounds and Unsaturated Carbon-Carbon Bonds with Chlorine on Demand. Org Lett 2021; 23:3015-3020. [PMID: 33792338 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Chlorination with chlorine is straightforward, highly reactive, and versatile, but it has significant limitations. In this Letter, we introduce a protocol that could combine the efficiency of electrochemical transformation and the high reactivity of chlorine. By utilizing Cl3CCN as the chloride source, donating up to all three chloride atom, the reaction could generate and consume the chlorine in situ on demand to achieve the chlorination of aromatic compounds and electrodeficient alkenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Liu
- Institute of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Na Wu
- Institute of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xu Cheng
- Institute of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.,State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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17
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Zhang Y, Liang Y, Zhao X. Chiral Selenide-Catalyzed, Highly Regio- and Enantioselective Intermolecular Thioarylation of Alkenes with Phenols. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c00296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Zhang
- Institute of Organic Chemistry & MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Yaoyu Liang
- Institute of Organic Chemistry & MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodan Zhao
- Institute of Organic Chemistry & MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
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18
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Affiliation(s)
- Minoru Hayashi
- Department of Materials Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
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19
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Tang Z, Li D, Yue Y, Peng D, Liu L. Brønsted acid catalysed chemo- and ortho-selective aminomethylation of phenol. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:5777-5781. [PMID: 34156058 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00820j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a Brønsted acid catalysed highly ortho-selective functionalization of free phenols with readily available N,O-acetals under mild conditions, furnishing various corresponding aminomethylated phenol products in moderate to excellent yields. The salient features of this transformation include mild conditions, good substrate scope, excellent ortho-selectivity, high efficiency, and ease of further transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiong Tang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China.
| | - Dongdong Li
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China.
| | - Yidi Yue
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China.
| | - Dan Peng
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China.
| | - Lu Liu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China. and Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
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20
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Hsueh N, Chang M. PdCl
2
/CuCl
2
/Bi(OTf)
3
‐promoted Construction of Sulfonyl Dibenzooxabicyclo[3.3.1]nonanes and Arylnaphthalenes via Intramolecular Annulation of Sulfonyl
o
‐Allylarylchromanones. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202001021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nai‐Chen Hsueh
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung 807 Taiwan
| | - Meng‐Yang Chang
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung 807 Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Kaohsiung 807 Taiwan
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21
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Dinh AN, Maddox SM, Vaidya SD, Saputra MA, Nalbandian CJ, Gustafson JL. Catalyst-Controlled Regioselective Chlorination of Phenols and Anilines through a Lewis Basic Selenoether Catalyst. J Org Chem 2020; 85:13895-13905. [PMID: 33044067 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report a highly efficient ortho-selective electrophilic chlorination of phenols utilizing a Lewis basic selenoether catalyst. The selenoether catalyst resulted in comparable selectivities to our previously reported bis-thiourea ortho-selective catalyst, with a catalyst loading as low as 1%. The new catalytic system also allowed us to extend this chemistry to obtain excellent ortho-selectivities for unprotected anilines. The selectivities of this reaction are up to >20:1 ortho/para, while the innate selectivities for phenols and anilines are approximately 1:4 ortho/para. A series of preliminary studies revealed that the substrates require a hydrogen-bonding moiety for selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew N Dinh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Diego State University, San Diego, California 92182, United States
| | - Sean M Maddox
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Diego State University, San Diego, California 92182, United States
| | - Sagar D Vaidya
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Diego State University, San Diego, California 92182, United States
| | - Mirza A Saputra
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Diego State University, San Diego, California 92182, United States
| | - Christopher J Nalbandian
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Diego State University, San Diego, California 92182, United States
| | - Jeffrey L Gustafson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Diego State University, San Diego, California 92182, United States
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22
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Guttormsen Y, Fairhurst ME, Pandey SK, Isaksson J, Haug BE, Bayer A. Total Synthesis of Phorbazole B. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25204848. [PMID: 33096668 PMCID: PMC7588006 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25204848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Phorbazoles are polychlorinated heterocyclic secondary metabolites isolated from a marine sponge and several of these natural products have shown inhibitory activity against cancer cells. In this work, a synthesis of the trichlorinated phorbazole B using late stage electrophilic chlorination was developed. The synthesis relied on the use of an oxazole precursor, which was protected with an iodine in the reactive 4-position, followed by complete chlorination of all pyrrole positions. Attempts to prepare phorbazole A and C, which contain a 3,4-dichlorinated pyrrole, were unsuccessful as the desired chlorination pattern on the pyrrole could not be obtained. The identities of the dichlorinated intermediates and products were determined using NMR techniques including NOESY/ROESY, 1,1-ADEQUATE and high-resolution CLIP-HSQMBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yngve Guttormsen
- Department of Chemistry, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Hansine Hansens veg 54, 9037 Tromsø, Norway; (Y.G.); (J.I.)
| | - Magnus E. Fairhurst
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Pharmacy, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, 5007 Bergen, Norway; (M.E.F.); (S.K.P.)
| | - Sunil K. Pandey
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Pharmacy, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, 5007 Bergen, Norway; (M.E.F.); (S.K.P.)
| | - Johan Isaksson
- Department of Chemistry, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Hansine Hansens veg 54, 9037 Tromsø, Norway; (Y.G.); (J.I.)
| | - Bengt Erik Haug
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Pharmacy, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, 5007 Bergen, Norway; (M.E.F.); (S.K.P.)
- Correspondence: (B.E.H.); (A.B.); Tel.: +47-55-58-34-68 (B.E.H.); +47-77-64-40-69 (A.B.)
| | - Annette Bayer
- Department of Chemistry, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Hansine Hansens veg 54, 9037 Tromsø, Norway; (Y.G.); (J.I.)
- Correspondence: (B.E.H.); (A.B.); Tel.: +47-55-58-34-68 (B.E.H.); +47-77-64-40-69 (A.B.)
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23
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Wen ZK, Wu XX, Bao WK, Xiao JJ, Chao JB. Palladium-Catalyzed Regioselective Coupling Cyclohexenone into Indoles: Atom-Economic Synthesis of β-Indolyl Cyclohexenones and Derivatization Applications. Org Lett 2020; 22:4898-4902. [PMID: 32515596 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report a palladium-catalyzed dehydrogenative cross-coupling of indoles with cyclic enones to give β-indolyl cyclic enones under mild and neutral reaction conditions. The key to the success is to explore a mild condition, which ensures the indole C-H activation and subsequent syn β-hydride elimination through rapid enolization isomerization of Pd(II)-enolate while suppressing other undesired side reactions. Synthetic utility has also been demonstrated in the flexible transformation of the coupling products to meta-phenols and benzo[a]carbazoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Kang Wen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Xiao-Xue Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Wen-Kai Bao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Jing-Jing Xiao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Jian-Bin Chao
- Scientific Instrument Center, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
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24
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Rogers D, Hopkins MD, Rajagopal N, Varshney D, Howard HA, LeBlanc G, Lamar AA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration-Certified Food Dyes as Organocatalysts in the Visible Light-Promoted Chlorination of Aromatics and Heteroaromatics. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:7693-7704. [PMID: 32280913 PMCID: PMC7144131 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c00631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Seven FDA-certified food dyes have been investigated as organocatalysts. As a result, Fast Green FCF and Brilliant Blue FCF have been discovered as catalysts for the chlorination of a wide range of arenes and heteroarenes in moderate to excellent yields and high regioselectivity. Mechanistic investigations of the separate systems indicate that different modes of activation are in operation, with Fast Green FCF being a light-promoted photoredox catalyst that is facilitating a one-electron oxidation of N-chlorosuccinimide (NCS) and Brilliant Blue FCF serving as a chlorine-transfer catalyst in its sulfonphthalein form with 1,3-dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (DCDMH) as stoichiometric chlorine source. Dearomatization of naphthol and indole substrates was observed in some examples using the Brilliant Blue/DCDMH system.
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25
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Access to Chiral Bisphenol Ligands (BPOL) through Desymmetrizing Asymmetric Ortho-Selective Halogenation. Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2020.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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26
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Smith K, Hegazy AS, El-Hiti GA. para-Selective chlorination of cresols and m-xylenol using sulfuryl chloride in the presence of poly(alkylene sulfide)s. J Sulphur Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/17415993.2020.1740226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keith Smith
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Amany S. Hegazy
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wales, Swansea, UK
| | - Gamal A. El-Hiti
- Cornea Research Chair, Department of Optometry, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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27
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Vaidya SD, Toenjes ST, Yamamoto N, Maddox SM, Gustafson JL. Catalytic Atroposelective Synthesis of N-Aryl Quinoid Compounds. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:2198-2203. [PMID: 31944689 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b12994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Diarylamines and related scaffolds are among the most common chemotypes in modern drug discovery. While they can potentially possess two chiral axes, there are no studies on their enantioselective synthesis, as these axes typically possess lower stereochemical stabilities. Herein, we report a chiral phosphoric acid catalyzed atroposelective electrophilic halogenation of N-aryl quinoids, a class of compounds that are analogous to diarylamines. This chemistry yields a large range of stereochemically stable N-aryl quinoids in excellent yields and atroposelectivity. This work represents the first example of the atroposelective synthesis of a diarylamine-like scaffold and will serve as a gateway to fundamental and applied studies on the scarcely studied chirality of these ubiquitous chiral scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagar D Vaidya
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , San Diego State University , 5500 Campanile Drive , San Diego , California 92182-1030 , United States
| | - Sean T Toenjes
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , San Diego State University , 5500 Campanile Drive , San Diego , California 92182-1030 , United States
| | - Nobuyuki Yamamoto
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , San Diego State University , 5500 Campanile Drive , San Diego , California 92182-1030 , United States
| | - Sean M Maddox
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , San Diego State University , 5500 Campanile Drive , San Diego , California 92182-1030 , United States
| | - Jeffrey L Gustafson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , San Diego State University , 5500 Campanile Drive , San Diego , California 92182-1030 , United States
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28
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Cheng Q, Wang Z, Li HW, Shan CY, Zheng PF, Shuai L, Li YL, Chen YC, Ouyang Q. 2,3-Dicyano-5,6-dichlorobenzoquinone-Mediated and Selective C-O and C-C Cross-Couplings of Phenols and Porphyrins. Org Lett 2020; 22:300-304. [PMID: 31841342 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b04330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
A selective C-O cross-coupling reaction between porphyrins and phenols has been developed through 2,3-dicyano-5,6-dichlorobenzoquinone (DDQ)/Sc(OTf)3 oxidation, efficiently delivering meso-etherified porphyrins in good yields (≤93%). The radical complex process was proposed and calculated as the rationalized mechanism to block the homocoupling process. In addition, the switchable selective C-C cross-coupling reaction was achieved by using bulky electron-rich phenols and naphthols under DDQ oxidation conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Cheng
- College of Pharmacy , Third Military Medical University , Chongqing 400038 , China
| | - Zheng Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering , Sichuan University of Science and Engineering , Zigong , Sichuan 643000 , China
| | - Hong-Wei Li
- College of Pharmacy , Third Military Medical University , Chongqing 400038 , China
| | - Chang-Yu Shan
- College of Pharmacy , Third Military Medical University , Chongqing 400038 , China
| | - Peng-Fei Zheng
- College of Pharmacy , Third Military Medical University , Chongqing 400038 , China
| | - Li Shuai
- College of Pharmacy , Third Military Medical University , Chongqing 400038 , China
| | - Yu-Long Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering , Sichuan University of Science and Engineering , Zigong , Sichuan 643000 , China
| | - Ying-Chun Chen
- College of Pharmacy , Third Military Medical University , Chongqing 400038 , China
| | - Qin Ouyang
- College of Pharmacy , Third Military Medical University , Chongqing 400038 , China
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29
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Song S, Li X, Wei J, Wang W, Zhang Y, Ai L, Zhu Y, Shi X, Zhang X, Jiao N. DMSO-catalysed late-stage chlorination of (hetero)arenes. Nat Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1038/s41929-019-0398-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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30
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Smith K, Hegazy AS, El-Hiti GA. The use of polymeric sulfides as catalysts for the para-regioselective chlorination of phenol and 2-chlorophenol. J Sulphur Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/17415993.2019.1688815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keith Smith
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Amany S. Hegazy
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wales Swansea, Swansea, UK
| | - Gamal A. El-Hiti
- Cornea Research Chair, Department of Optometry, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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31
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Xu X, Luo J. Transition Metal-Catalyzed Directing-Group-Assisted C-H Activation of Phenols. CHEMSUSCHEM 2019; 12:4601-4616. [PMID: 31418536 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201901951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Strategies that exploit directing groups to control the site selectivity in the C-H activation of arenes have received much attention during the past two decades. In light of the importance of phenol derivatives in the areas of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and materials science, transition-metal-catalyzed C-H activation of phenols has proven to be an extremely useful tool in organic synthesis. This Minireview summarizes the current state-of-the-art direct C-H activation of phenol derivatives under transition-metal catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Xu
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
| | - Junfei Luo
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
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32
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Rogers DA, Bensalah AT, Espinosa AT, Hoerr JL, Refai FH, Pitzel AK, Alvarado JJ, Lamar AA. Amplification of Trichloroisocyanuric Acid (TCCA) Reactivity for Chlorination of Arenes and Heteroarenes via Catalytic Organic Dye Activation. Org Lett 2019; 21:4229-4233. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b01414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David A. Rogers
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Tulsa, 800 South Tucker Drive, Tulsa, Oklahoma 74104, United States
| | - Adam T. Bensalah
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Tulsa, 800 South Tucker Drive, Tulsa, Oklahoma 74104, United States
| | - Alvaro Tomas Espinosa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Tulsa, 800 South Tucker Drive, Tulsa, Oklahoma 74104, United States
| | - John L. Hoerr
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Tulsa, 800 South Tucker Drive, Tulsa, Oklahoma 74104, United States
| | - Fares H. Refai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Tulsa, 800 South Tucker Drive, Tulsa, Oklahoma 74104, United States
| | - Amy K. Pitzel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Tulsa, 800 South Tucker Drive, Tulsa, Oklahoma 74104, United States
| | - Juan J. Alvarado
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Tulsa, 800 South Tucker Drive, Tulsa, Oklahoma 74104, United States
| | - Angus A. Lamar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Tulsa, 800 South Tucker Drive, Tulsa, Oklahoma 74104, United States
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33
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Smith K, Williams D, El-Hiti GA. Regioselective chlorination of phenols in the presence of tetrahydrothiopyran derivatives. J Sulphur Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/17415993.2019.1620230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keith Smith
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Des Williams
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wales Swansea, Swansea, UK
| | - Gamal A. El-Hiti
- Department of Optometry, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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34
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Huang
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, QC H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Jean-Philip Lumb
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, QC H3A 0B8, Canada
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35
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Yang XY, Zhao HY, Mao S, Zhang SQ. Copper-Mediated monochlorination of anilines and nitrogen-containing heterocycles. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2018.1518531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Yan Yang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Yi Zhao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Mao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - San-Qi Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
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36
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Smith K, Al-Zuhairi AJ, Elliott MC, El-Hiti GA. Regioselective synthesis of important chlorophenols in the presence of methylthioalkanes with remote SMe, OMe or OH substituents. J Sulphur Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/17415993.2018.1493111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keith Smith
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | | | | | - Gamal A. El-Hiti
- Cornea Research Chair, Department of Optometry, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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37
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Qiao L, Cao X, Chai K, Shen J, Xu J, Zhang P. Remote radical halogenation of aminoquinolines with aqueous hydrogen halide (HX) and oxone. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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38
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Dey A, Singsardar M, Sarkar R, Hajra A. Environment-Friendly Protocol for the Chlorination of Imidazoheterocycles by Chloramine-T. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:3513-3521. [PMID: 31458602 PMCID: PMC6641228 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b01844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
An environment-friendly method for the chlorination of imidazoheterocycles has been developed using chloramine-T, a novel chlorinating reagent. A bunch of C-3 chloro-substituted imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines with variety of functionalities have been synthesized in good yields under neat condition at room temperature within very short time. This chlorination process is also applicable to imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole scaffolds. The present methodology is relevant to gram-scale synthesis. The major advantages of this system such as wide applicability, easy availability of reactants, open-air and metal- and solvent-free reaction conditions, no need of work-up, and simple purification technique represent a green synthetic protocol.
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Xiong X, Yeung YY. Ammonium Salt-Catalyzed Highly Practical Ortho-Selective Monohalogenation and Phenylselenation of Phenols: Scope and Applications. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b00327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Xiong
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong (China)
| | - Ying-Yeung Yeung
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong (China)
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Tang Y, Shi X, Liu Y, Feng L, Zhang L. Degradation of clofibric acid in UV/chlorine disinfection process: kinetics, reactive species contribution and pathways. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2018; 5:171372. [PMID: 29515853 PMCID: PMC5830742 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.171372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
As a potential endocrine disruptor, clofibric acid (CA) was investigated in this study for its degradation kinetics and pathways in UV/chlorine process. The results showed that CA in both UV photolysis and UV/chlorine processes could be degraded via pseudo-first-order kinetics, while it almost could not be degraded in the dark chlorination process. The observed rate constant (kobs) in UV photolysis was 0.0078 min-1, and increased to 0.0107 min-1 combining with 0.1 mM chlorine. The kobs increased to 0.0447 min-1 with further increasing the chlorine dosage from 0.1 to 1.0 mM, and reached a plateau at higher dosage (greater than 1.0 mM). The higher kobs was obtained at acid solution rather than basic solution. Moreover, the calculated contributions of radical species to kobs indicated that the HO• contributed significantly to CA degradation in acidic conditions, while the reactive chlorine species and UV direct photolysis dominated in neutral and basic solution. The degradation of CA was slightly inhibited in the presence of [Formula: see text] (1 ∼ 50 mM), barely affected by the presence of Cl- (1 ∼ 200 mM) and greatly suppressed by humic acid (0 ∼ 5 mg l-1). Thirteen main degradation intermediates and three degradation pathways of CA were identified during UV/chlorine process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Li Feng
- Author for correspondence: Li Feng e-mail:
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41
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Nahide PD, Ramadoss V, Juárez-Ornelas KA, Satkar Y, Ortiz-Alvarado R, Cervera-Villanueva JMJ, Alonso-Castro ÁJ, Zapata-Morales JR, Ramírez-Morales MA, Ruiz-Padilla AJ, Deveze-Álvarez MA, Solorio-Alvarado CR. In Situ Formed IIII-Based Reagent for the Electrophilicortho-Chlorination of Phenols and Phenol Ethers: The Use of PIFA-AlCl3System. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201701399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pradip D. Nahide
- Departamento de Química; División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Campus Guanajuato; Universidad de Guanajuato; Cerro de la Venada S/N 36040 Guanajuato, Gto. México
| | - Velayudham Ramadoss
- Departamento de Química; División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Campus Guanajuato; Universidad de Guanajuato; Cerro de la Venada S/N 36040 Guanajuato, Gto. México
| | - Kevin A. Juárez-Ornelas
- Departamento de Química; División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Campus Guanajuato; Universidad de Guanajuato; Cerro de la Venada S/N 36040 Guanajuato, Gto. México
| | - Yuvraj Satkar
- Departamento de Química; División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Campus Guanajuato; Universidad de Guanajuato; Cerro de la Venada S/N 36040 Guanajuato, Gto. México
| | - Rafel Ortiz-Alvarado
- Departamento de Química; División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Campus Guanajuato; Universidad de Guanajuato; Cerro de la Venada S/N 36040 Guanajuato, Gto. México
| | - Juan M. J. Cervera-Villanueva
- Departamento de Química; División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Campus Guanajuato; Universidad de Guanajuato; Cerro de la Venada S/N 36040 Guanajuato, Gto. México
| | - Ángel J. Alonso-Castro
- Departamento de Química; División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Campus Guanajuato; Universidad de Guanajuato; Cerro de la Venada S/N 36040 Guanajuato, Gto. México
| | - Juan R. Zapata-Morales
- Departamento de Química; División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Campus Guanajuato; Universidad de Guanajuato; Cerro de la Venada S/N 36040 Guanajuato, Gto. México
| | - Marco A. Ramírez-Morales
- Departamento de Química; División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Campus Guanajuato; Universidad de Guanajuato; Cerro de la Venada S/N 36040 Guanajuato, Gto. México
| | - Alan J. Ruiz-Padilla
- Departamento de Química; División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Campus Guanajuato; Universidad de Guanajuato; Cerro de la Venada S/N 36040 Guanajuato, Gto. México
| | - Martha A. Deveze-Álvarez
- Departamento de Química; División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Campus Guanajuato; Universidad de Guanajuato; Cerro de la Venada S/N 36040 Guanajuato, Gto. México
| | - César R. Solorio-Alvarado
- Departamento de Química; División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Campus Guanajuato; Universidad de Guanajuato; Cerro de la Venada S/N 36040 Guanajuato, Gto. México
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Tang RJ, Milcent T, Crousse B. Regioselective Halogenation of Arenes and Heterocycles in Hexafluoroisopropanol. J Org Chem 2018; 83:930-938. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b02920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ren-Jin Tang
- Faculty of Pharmacy, UMR
8076, BioCIS, Univ. Paris-Sud-CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Thierry Milcent
- Faculty of Pharmacy, UMR
8076, BioCIS, Univ. Paris-Sud-CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Benoit Crousse
- Faculty of Pharmacy, UMR
8076, BioCIS, Univ. Paris-Sud-CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
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43
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Horibe T, Ohmura S, Ishihara K. Selenium-Iodine Cooperative Catalyst for Chlorocyclization of Tryptamine Derivatives. Org Lett 2017; 19:5525-5528. [PMID: 28956932 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b02613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Chlorocyclization of tryptamine derivatives has been developed with the use of a diphenyl diselenide-iodine cooperative catalyst. Various tryptamine derivatives can be smoothly converted to the corresponding C3a-chlorohexahydropyrrolo[2,3-b]indoles. Additionally, we demonstrate the formal total syntheses of (-)-psychotriasine and (-)-acetylardeemin by introducing nucleophiles to the C3a position of the products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Horibe
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University , B2-3(611), Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Shuhei Ohmura
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University , B2-3(611), Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Ishihara
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University , B2-3(611), Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
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44
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Mostafa MAB, Bowley RM, Racys DT, Henry MC, Sutherland A. Iron(III)-Catalyzed Chlorination of Activated Arenes. J Org Chem 2017; 82:7529-7537. [PMID: 28661157 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b01225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A general and regioselective method for the chlorination of activated arenes has been developed. The transformation uses iron(III) triflimide as a powerful Lewis acid for the activation of N-chlorosuccinimide and the subsequent chlorination of a wide range of anisole, aniline, acetanilide, and phenol derivatives. The reaction was utilized for the late-stage mono- and dichlorination of a range of target compounds such as the natural product nitrofungin, the antibacterial agent chloroxylenol, and the herbicide chloroxynil. The facile nature of this transformation was demonstrated with the development of one-pot, tandem, iron-catalyzed dihalogenation processes allowing highly regioselective formation of different carbon-halogen bonds. The synthetic utility of the resulting dihalogenated aryl compounds as building blocks was established with the synthesis of natural products and pharmaceutically relevant targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A B Mostafa
- WestCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow , The Joseph Black Building, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Rosalind M Bowley
- WestCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow , The Joseph Black Building, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Daugirdas T Racys
- WestCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow , The Joseph Black Building, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Martyn C Henry
- WestCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow , The Joseph Black Building, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Sutherland
- WestCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow , The Joseph Black Building, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
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46
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Takahashi S, Suda Y, Nakamura T, Matsuoka K, Koshino H. Total Synthesis of Kehokorins A-E, Cytotoxic p-Terphenyls. J Org Chem 2017; 82:3159-3166. [PMID: 28267327 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b00147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes a general method for the synthesis of kehokorins A-E, novel cytotoxic p-terphenyls. 2,4,6-Trihydroxybenzaldehyde served as a common building block for preparation of the central aromatic ring. Construction of their p-terphenyl skeletons was achieved by a stepwise Suzuki-Miyaura coupling, whereas the phenyldibenzofuran moiety was built up by an intramolecular Ullmann reaction. Introduction of an l-rhamnose residue into partly protected kehokorin B was performed by the trichloroacetimidate method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunya Takahashi
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science , Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yasuaki Suda
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science , Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.,Division of Material Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University , Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Takemichi Nakamura
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science , Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Koji Matsuoka
- Division of Material Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University , Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Koshino
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science , Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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47
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Goitia A, Gómez-Bengoa E, Correa A. Selective C(sp2)–H Halogenation of “Click” 4-Aryl-1,2,3-triazoles. Org Lett 2017; 19:962-965. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b00275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Asier Goitia
- Department of Organic Chemistry-I, University of the Basque Country (UPV-EHU), Joxe Mari Korta R&D Center, Av Tolosa 72, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Enrique Gómez-Bengoa
- Department of Organic Chemistry-I, University of the Basque Country (UPV-EHU), Joxe Mari Korta R&D Center, Av Tolosa 72, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Arkaitz Correa
- Department of Organic Chemistry-I, University of the Basque Country (UPV-EHU), Joxe Mari Korta R&D Center, Av Tolosa 72, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
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48
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Nalbandian CJ, Miller EM, Toenjes ST, Gustafson JL. A conjugate Lewis base-Brønsted acid catalyst for the sulfenylation of nitrogen containing heterocycles under mild conditions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:1494-1497. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc09998j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A new Lewis base/Brønsted acid approach allows for the sulfenylation of N-heterocycles under exceedingly mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eric M. Miller
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- San Diego State University
- San Diego
- USA
| | - Sean T. Toenjes
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- San Diego State University
- San Diego
- USA
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49
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Gao C, Li H, Liu M, Ding J, Huang X, Wu H, Gao W, Wu G. Regioselective C–H chlorination: towards the sequential difunctionalization of phenol derivatives and late-stage chlorination of bioactive compounds. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra09939h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Palladium-catalyzed C–H chlorination of phenol derivatives and late-stage chlorination of diflufenican and estrone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Gao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering
- Wenzhou University
- Wenzhou 325035
- People's Republic of China
| | - Hongchen Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering
- Wenzhou University
- Wenzhou 325035
- People's Republic of China
| | - Miaochang Liu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering
- Wenzhou University
- Wenzhou 325035
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jinchang Ding
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering
- Wenzhou University
- Wenzhou 325035
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobo Huang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering
- Wenzhou University
- Wenzhou 325035
- People's Republic of China
| | - Huayue Wu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering
- Wenzhou University
- Wenzhou 325035
- People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxia Gao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering
- Wenzhou University
- Wenzhou 325035
- People's Republic of China
| | - Ge Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science
- Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou 325035
- People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry
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