1
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Sun D, Gong Y, Wu Y, Chen Y, Gong H. Bis(pinacolato)diboron-Enabled Ni-Catalyzed Reductive Arylation/Vinylation of Alkyl Electrophiles. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2404301. [PMID: 38887210 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202404301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Herein, the use of economically and environmentally friendly bis(pinacolato)diboron (B2Pin2) is described as a non-metallic reductant in mediating Ni-catalyzed C(sp3)-C(sp2) reductive cross-coupling of alkyl electrophiles with aryl/vinyl halides. This method exhibits excellent suitability for heteroaryl halides and alkyl halides/Katritzky salts. The present study is compatible with an in situ halogenation of alcohol method, allowing for selective mono-functionalization of diols and bio-relevant alcohols (e.g., carbohydrates). The use of B2Pin2 shows potential for easy scalability without introducing additional metal impurities into the products. It is observed for the first time in the realm of cross-electrophile coupling chemistry that B2Pin2 can sever as a reductant to reduce NiII to Ni0. This mechanistic insight may inspire the development of new reductive bond-forming methodologies that can otherwise be difficult to achieve with a metal reductant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deli Sun
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Polytechnic University, No. 2360 Jinhai Road, Shanghai, 201209, China
| | - Yuxin Gong
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Yu Wu
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Yunrong Chen
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Hegui Gong
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
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2
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Liao JJ, Tian RG, Tian SK. Nickel-Catalyzed Reductive Cross-Coupling of Allylammonium Salts with Alkyl Iodides. J Org Chem 2023; 88:14781-14788. [PMID: 37769123 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
An unprecedented reductive cross-coupling reaction of allylammonium salts with alkyl electrophiles has been established through C-N bond cleavage. A range of allylammonium bromides smoothly participated in the nickel-catalyzed zinc-mediated allyl-alkyl cross-electrophile coupling reaction with alkyl iodides, delivering structurally diverse alkene products in moderate to good yields with high linear selectivity. Preliminary mechanistic experiments are consistent with the formation of an alkyl radical from the alkyl iodide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Jia Liao
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Ren-Gui Tian
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Shi-Kai Tian
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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3
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Ghosh T, Nokami T. Recent development of stereoselective C-glycosylation via generation of glycosyl radical. Carbohydr Res 2022; 522:108677. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2022.108677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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4
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Kriegelstein M, Profous D, Přibylka A, Lyčka A, Cankař P. Limitations of Trifluoromethylbenzoimidazolylbenzoic Acid as a Chiral Derivatizing Agent to Assign Absolute Configuration for β-Chiral Aminoalcohols. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:12734-12746. [PMID: 35474810 PMCID: PMC9025982 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c07234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Axially chiral 2-(2-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-1-yl)benzoic acid (TBBA) was used as a chiral derivatizing agent to evaluate the limits of absolute configuration assignment for β-chiral aminoalcohols. Seven Boc-aminoalcohols and eight variously N-substituted (S)-phenylglycinols were prepared, and their TBBA esters were analyzed by NMR spectroscopy. Diverse substitution at the β-position was employed to demonstrate the effect of structure on the general conformational model and reliability of the absolute configuration assignment. It was concluded that hydrogen bond formation and steric hindrance were the main factors affecting the correct assignment for Boc-aminoalcohols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Kriegelstein
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. Listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - David Profous
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. Listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Adam Přibylka
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. Listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Antonín Lyčka
- Faculty
of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Rokitanského 62, CZ-500 03 Hradec Králové
3, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Cankař
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. Listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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5
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Zhou X, Guo L, Zhang H, Xia RY, Yang C, Xia W. Nickel‐Catalyzed Reductive Acylation of Carboxylic Acids with Alkyl Halides and
N
‐Hydroxyphthalimide Esters Enabled by Electrochemical Process. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhou
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment School of Science Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) Shenzhen 518055 People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Guo
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment School of Science Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) Shenzhen 518055 People's Republic of China
| | - Haoxiang Zhang
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment School of Science Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) Shenzhen 518055 People's Republic of China
| | - Raymond Yang Xia
- The Affiliated International School of Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518054 People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Yang
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment School of Science Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) Shenzhen 518055 People's Republic of China
| | - Wujiong Xia
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment School of Science Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) Shenzhen 518055 People's Republic of China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Normal University Xinxiang Henan 453007 People's Republic of China
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6
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Yi W, Sun W, Hu X, Liu C, Jin L. Recent Advance of Ketones Synthesis from Carboxylic Esters. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202201028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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7
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Zhu Z, Gong Y, Tong W, Xue W, Gong H. Ni-Catalyzed Cross-Electrophile Coupling of Aryl Triflates with Thiocarbonates via C-O/C-O Bond Cleavage. Org Lett 2021; 23:2158-2163. [PMID: 33646000 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A nickel-catalyzed reductive coupling of aryl triflates with thiocarbonates is reported here. Both electron-rich and -deficient aryl C(sp2)-O electrophiles as well as a class of O-tBu S-alkyl thiocarbonates are compatible with the optimized reaction conditions, as evidenced by 49 examples. The reaction also proceeds with good chemoselective cleavage of the C-O bond with regard to thioesters. This work broadens the scope of nickel-catalyzed reductive cross-electrophile coupling reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaodong Zhu
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yuxin Gong
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Weiqi Tong
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Weichao Xue
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Hegui Gong
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
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8
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Jiao KJ, Ma C, Liu D, Qiu H, Cheng B, Mei TS. Nickel-catalyzed electrochemical reductive relay cross-coupling of alkyl halides with alkyl carboxylic acids. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01219c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A highly regioselective Ni-catalyzed electrochemical (undivided cell) reductive relay cross-coupling between alkyl carboxylic acids and alkyl bromides has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Jin Jiao
- Institute of Marine Biomedicine, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Cong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Dong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hui Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Bin Cheng
- Institute of Marine Biomedicine, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Tian-Sheng Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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9
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Liu J, Ye Y, Sessler JL, Gong H. Cross-Electrophile Couplings of Activated and Sterically Hindered Halides and Alcohol Derivatives. Acc Chem Res 2020; 53:1833-1845. [PMID: 32840998 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Transition metal catalyzed cross-electrophile coupling of alkyl electrophiles has evolved into a privileged strategy that permits the facile construction of valuable C(sp3)-C bonds. Numerous elegant Ni-catalyzed coupling methods, for example, arylation, allylation, acylation, and vinylation of primary and secondary alkyl halides have been developed. This prior work has provided important mechanistic insights into the selectivity and reactivity of the coupling partners, which are largely dictated by both the catalysts and the reactants. In spite of the advances made to date, a number of challenging issues remain, including (1) achieving stereoselective syntheses of C-C bonds that rely primarily on functionalized or activated alkyl precursors, (2) diversifying the electrophiles, and (3) gaining insights into the underlying reaction mechanisms.In this Account, we summarize a number of Ni- and Fe-catalyzed reductive C-C bond forming methods developed in our laboratory, which have allowed us to couple activated, sterically hindered tertiary alkyl and C(sp3)-O bond electrophiles and to access methylated and trifluoromethylated products, esters, C-glycosides, and quaternary carbon centers. We will begin with a brief discussion of Ni-catalyzed chemoselective construction of unactivated alkyl-alkyl bonds, with focus on the effects of ligands and reductants, along with leaving group-directed reactivities of alkyl halides, and the role they play in promoting the reductive coupling of activated electrophiles, including methyl, trifluoromethyl, and glycosyl electrophiles, and chloroformates. Matching the reactivities of these electrophiles with suitable coupling partners is considered essential for success; this is something that can be tuned by means of appropriate Ni catalysts. Second, we will detail how tuning the steric and electronic effects of nickel catalysts with labile pyridine-type ligands and additives (primarily MgCl2) permits effective creation of arylated all-carbon quaternary centers through the coupling of aryl halides with sterically encumbered tertiary alkyl halides. In contrast, the use of bulkier bipyridine and terpyridine ligands permits the incorporation of relative small-sized acyl and allyl groups into acylated and allylated all-carbon quaternary centers. Finally, we will show how the knowledge gained with halide electrophiles enabled us to develop methods that permit the coupling of tertiary alkyl oxalates with allyl, aryl, and vinyl electrophiles, wherein Barton C-O bond radical fragmentation is mediated by Zn and MgCl2 and promoted by Ni catalysts. The same protocol is applicable to the arylation of secondary alkyl oxalates derived from α-hydroxyl carbonyl substrates, which involves the formation of relatively stable α-carbonyl carbon centered radicals. Thus, this Account not only summarizes synthetic methods that allow formation of valuable C-C bonds using challenging electrophiles but also provides insight into the relationship between the structure and reactivity of the substrates and catalysts, as well as the effects of additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiandong Liu
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry and Institute for the Conservation of Cultural Heritage, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yang Ye
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry and Institute for the Conservation of Cultural Heritage, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Jonathan L. Sessler
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry and Institute for the Conservation of Cultural Heritage, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Hegui Gong
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry and Institute for the Conservation of Cultural Heritage, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
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10
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Xu S, Wang K, Kong W. Ni-Catalyzed Reductive Arylacylation of Alkenes toward Carbonyl-Containing Oxindoles. Org Lett 2019; 21:7498-7503. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Xu
- The Center for Precision Synthesis (CPS), Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kuai Wang
- The Center for Precision Synthesis (CPS), Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wangqing Kong
- The Center for Precision Synthesis (CPS), Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People’s Republic of China
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11
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Ni S, Padial NM, Kingston C, Vantourout JC, Schmitt DC, Edwards JT, Kruszyk MM, Merchant RR, Mykhailiuk PK, Sanchez BB, Yang S, Perry MA, Gallego GM, Mousseau JJ, Collins MR, Cherney RJ, Lebed PS, Chen JS, Qin T, Baran PS. A Radical Approach to Anionic Chemistry: Synthesis of Ketones, Alcohols, and Amines. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:6726-6739. [PMID: 30943023 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b02238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Historically accessed through two-electron, anionic chemistry, ketones, alcohols, and amines are of foundational importance to the practice of organic synthesis. After placing this work in proper historical context, this Article reports the development, full scope, and a mechanistic picture for a strikingly different way of forging such functional groups. Thus, carboxylic acids, once converted to redox-active esters (RAEs), can be utilized as formally nucleophilic coupling partners with other carboxylic derivatives (to produce ketones), imines (to produce benzylic amines), or aldehydes (to produce alcohols). The reactions are uniformly mild, operationally simple, and, in the case of ketone synthesis, broad in scope (including several applications to the simplification of synthetic problems and to parallel synthesis). Finally, an extensive mechanistic study of the ketone synthesis is performed to trace the elementary steps of the catalytic cycle and provide the end-user with a clear and understandable rationale for the selectivity, role of additives, and underlying driving forces involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyang Ni
- Department of Chemistry , Scripps Research , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road , La Jolla , California 92037 , United States
| | - Natalia M Padial
- Department of Chemistry , Scripps Research , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road , La Jolla , California 92037 , United States
| | - Cian Kingston
- Department of Chemistry , Scripps Research , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road , La Jolla , California 92037 , United States
| | - Julien C Vantourout
- Department of Chemistry , Scripps Research , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road , La Jolla , California 92037 , United States
| | - Daniel C Schmitt
- Pfizer Medicinal Sciences , Eastern Point Road , Groton , Connecticut 06340 , United States
| | - Jacob T Edwards
- Department of Chemistry , Scripps Research , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road , La Jolla , California 92037 , United States
| | - Monika M Kruszyk
- Department of Chemistry , Scripps Research , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road , La Jolla , California 92037 , United States
| | - Rohan R Merchant
- Department of Chemistry , Scripps Research , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road , La Jolla , California 92037 , United States
| | - Pavel K Mykhailiuk
- Department of Chemistry , Scripps Research , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road , La Jolla , California 92037 , United States.,Enamine Ltd. , Chervonotkatska 78 , 02094 Kyiv , Ukraine.,Chemistry Department , Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv , Volodymyrska 64 , 01601 Kyiv , Ukraine
| | - Brittany B Sanchez
- Automated Synthesis Facility , Scripps Research , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road , La Jolla , California 92037 , United States
| | - Shouliang Yang
- Department of Chemistry , La Jolla Laboratories , Pfizer 10770 Science Center Drive , San Diego , California 92121 , United States
| | - Matthew A Perry
- Pfizer Medicinal Sciences , Eastern Point Road , Groton , Connecticut 06340 , United States
| | - Gary M Gallego
- Department of Chemistry , La Jolla Laboratories , Pfizer 10770 Science Center Drive , San Diego , California 92121 , United States
| | - James J Mousseau
- Pfizer Medicinal Sciences , Eastern Point Road , Groton , Connecticut 06340 , United States
| | - Michael R Collins
- Department of Chemistry , La Jolla Laboratories , Pfizer 10770 Science Center Drive , San Diego , California 92121 , United States
| | - Robert J Cherney
- Research & Development , Bristol-Myers Squibb Company , Rt. 206 & Province Line Road , Princeton , New Jersey 08543 , United States
| | - Pavlo S Lebed
- Enamine Ltd. , Chervonotkatska 78 , 02094 Kyiv , Ukraine.,ChemBioCenter , Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv , Volodymyrska 64 , 01601 Kyiv , Ukraine
| | - Jason S Chen
- Automated Synthesis Facility , Scripps Research , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road , La Jolla , California 92037 , United States
| | - Tian Qin
- Department of Chemistry , Scripps Research , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road , La Jolla , California 92037 , United States
| | - Phil S Baran
- Department of Chemistry , Scripps Research , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road , La Jolla , California 92037 , United States
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12
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Liu J, Gong H. Stereoselective Preparation of α- C-Vinyl/Aryl Glycosides via Nickel-Catalyzed Reductive Coupling of Glycosyl Halides with Vinyl and Aryl Halides. Org Lett 2018; 20:7991-7995. [PMID: 30525666 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b03567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Facile preparation of the α- C-vinyl and -aryl glycosides has been developed via mild Ni-catalyzed reductive vinylation and arylation of C1-glycosyl halides with vinyl/aryl halides. Good to high α-selectivities were achieved for C-glucosides, galactosides, maltoside, and mannosides, which were dictated by the employment of pyridine type ligands. As such, the present work represents unprecedented control for a high level of α-selectivity for C-vinyl-glucosides using cross-coupling approaches and offers hitherto optimal α-selective preparation of C-aryl glucosides via catalyst-controlled coupling strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiandong Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry , Shanghai University , 99 Shang-Da Road , Shanghai 200444 , China
| | - Hegui Gong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry , Shanghai University , 99 Shang-Da Road , Shanghai 200444 , China
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13
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Ackerman LKG, Martinez Alvarado JI, Doyle AG. Direct C-C Bond Formation from Alkanes Using Ni-Photoredox Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:14059-14063. [PMID: 30351143 PMCID: PMC6411045 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b09191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A method for direct cross coupling between unactivated C(sp3)-H bonds and chloroformates has been accomplished via nickel and photoredox catalysis. A diverse range of feedstock chemicals, such as (a)cyclic alkanes and toluenes, along with late-stage intermediates, undergo intermolecular C-C bond formation to afford esters under mild conditions using only 3 equiv of the C-H partner. Site selectivity is predictable according to bond strength and polarity trends that are consistent with the intermediacy of a chlorine radical as the hydrogen atom-abstracting species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Abigail G. Doyle
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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14
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Heinz C, Lutz JP, Simmons EM, Miller MM, Ewing WR, Doyle AG. Ni-Catalyzed Carbon-Carbon Bond-Forming Reductive Amination. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:2292-2300. [PMID: 29341599 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b12212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This report describes a three-component, Ni-catalyzed reductive coupling that enables the convergent synthesis of tertiary benzhydryl amines, which are challenging to access by traditional reductive amination methodologies. The reaction makes use of iminium ions generated in situ from the condensation of secondary N-trimethylsilyl amines with benzaldehydes, and these species undergo reaction with several distinct classes of organic electrophiles. The synthetic value of this process is demonstrated by a single-step synthesis of antimigraine drug flunarizine (Sibelium) and high yielding derivatization of paroxetine (Paxil) and metoprolol (Lopressor). Mechanistic investigations support a sequential oxidative addition mechanism rather than a pathway proceeding via α-amino radical formation. Accordingly, application of catalytic conditions to an intramolecular reductive coupling is demonstrated for the synthesis of endo- and exocyclic benzhydryl amines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Heinz
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University , Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - J Patrick Lutz
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University , Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Eric M Simmons
- Chemical and Synthetic Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb , New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Michael M Miller
- Discovery Chemistry, Bristol-Myers Squibb , P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - William R Ewing
- Discovery Chemistry, Bristol-Myers Squibb , P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Abigail G Doyle
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University , Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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15
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Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Piperidines: Functionalization of Preexisting Ring Systems. ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.aihch.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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16
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Gong C, Huo C, Wang X, Quan Z. Nickel-Catalyzed Cross-Electrophile Coupling of Aryl Bromides with Pyrimidin-2-yl Tosylates. CHINESE J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201700071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Gong
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education of China; Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Northwest Normal University; Lanzhou Gansu 730070 China
| | - Congde Huo
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education of China; Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Northwest Normal University; Lanzhou Gansu 730070 China
| | - Xicun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education of China; Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Northwest Normal University; Lanzhou Gansu 730070 China
| | - Zhengjun Quan
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education of China; Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Northwest Normal University; Lanzhou Gansu 730070 China
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