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Zhao P, Li T, Wei D, Wu D, Wang L, Duan Z. Synthesis, Photophysical and Electrochemical Properties of Spiro-Phosphonium Compounds. J Org Chem 2024; 89:11109-11118. [PMID: 39052854 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
A series of spiro-phosphonium compounds have been synthesized by copper-mediated coupling reaction of phosphacyclic compounds with alkynes. Their photophysical properties are tuned by varying substituents and exhibit different luminescent colors from blue to green, and finally, yellow. The fluorescence quantum efficiency of diethyl spiro-xanthenebenzophosphole 3aa in solid and liquid states reached 31% and 76%, respectively. Diphenyl spiro-xanthenebenzophosphole 3ad displayed relatively low cytotoxicity toward lung cancer cells A549 and was able to effectively penetrate the cell membrane and maintain strong staining. Moreover, density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT calculations have been performed to explore the origin of their photophysical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhao
- College of Chemistry, International Phosphorus Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Tong Li
- College of Chemistry, International Phosphorus Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Donghui Wei
- College of Chemistry, International Phosphorus Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Di Wu
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Lili Wang
- College of Chemistry, International Phosphorus Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zheng Duan
- College of Chemistry, International Phosphorus Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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Siddiqui A, Sadegh F, Kumar KP, Rana P, Yadav P, Prochowicz D, Singh SP, Akin S. Molecularly Engineered Multifunctional Bridging Layer Derived from Dithiafulavene Capped Spiroxanthene for Stable and Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:16213-16223. [PMID: 38528377 PMCID: PMC10995899 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c19619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
This study introduces a novel approach centered around the design and synthesis of an interfacial passivating layer in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). This architectural innovation is realized through the development of a specialized material, termed dithiafulvene end-capped Spiro[fluorene-9,9'-xanthene], denoted by the acronym AF32. In this design architecture, dithiafulvene is thoughtfully attached to the spiroxanthene fluorene core with phenothiazine as the spacer unit, possessing multiple alkyl chains. AF32 passivates interfacial defects by coordinating the sulfur constituents of the phenothiazine and dithiafulvene frameworks to the uncoordinated Pb2+ cations on the surface of the perovskite film, and the alkyl chains construct a hydrophobic environment, preventing moisture from entering the hydrophilic perovskite layer and improving the long-term stability of PSCs. Furthermore, this conductive interlayer facilitates hole transport in PSCs due to its well-aligned molecular orbital levels. Such improvements translated into an enhanced power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 22.6% for the device employing 1.5 mg/mL AF32, and it maintained 85% of its initial PCE after more than 1800 h under ambient conditions [illumination and 45 ± 5% relative humidity (RH)]. This study not only marks progress in photovoltaic technology but also expands our understanding of manipulating interfacial properties for optimized device performance and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afzal Siddiqui
- Department
of Polymers and Functional Materials, CSIR-Indian
Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Faranak Sadegh
- Laboratory
of Advanced Materials & Photovoltaics (LAMPs), Necmettin Erbakan University, 42090 Konya, Turkey
| | - Kodali Phani Kumar
- Department
of Polymers and Functional Materials, CSIR-Indian
Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Priksha Rana
- Department
of Polymers and Functional Materials, CSIR-Indian
Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Pankaj Yadav
- Department
of Solar Energy, School of Energy Technology, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Gandhinagar 382007, Gujarat, India
- Department
of Physics, School of Energy Technology, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Gandhinagar 382007, Gujarat, India
| | - Daniel Prochowicz
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Surya Prakash Singh
- Department
of Polymers and Functional Materials, CSIR-Indian
Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Seckin Akin
- Laboratory
of Advanced Materials & Photovoltaics (LAMPs), Necmettin Erbakan University, 42090 Konya, Turkey
- Department
of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Necmettin Erbakan University, 42090 Konya, Turkey
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Tzoganakis N, Tsikritzis D, Chatzimanolis K, Zhuang X, Kymakis E. A Low-Cost and Lithium-Free Hole Transport Layer for Efficient and Stable Normal Perovskite Solar Cells. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:883. [PMID: 36903761 PMCID: PMC10005682 DOI: 10.3390/nano13050883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The most widely used material as a hole-transport layer (HTL) for effective normal perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is still 2,2',7,7'-Tetrakis[N, N-di(4-methoxyphenyl)amino]-9,9'-spirobifluorene (Spiro-OMeTAD), which requires heavy doping with the hydroscopic Lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (Li-ΤFSI). However, the long-term stability and performance of PCSs are frequently hampered by the residual insoluble dopants in the HTL, Li+ diffusion throughout the device, dopant by-products, and the hygroscopic nature of Li-TFSI. Due to the high cost of Spiro-OMeTAD, alternative efficient low-cost HTLs, such as octakis(4-methoxyphenyl)spiro[fluorene-9,9'-xanthene]-2,2',7,7'-tetraamine) (X60), have attracted attention. However, they require doping with Li-TFSI, and the devices develop the same Li-TFSI-derived problems. Here, we propose Li-free 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (EMIM-TFSI) as an efficient p-type dopant of X60, resulting in a high-quality HTL with enhanced conductivity and deeper energy levels The optimized X60:EMIM-TFSI-enabled devices exhibit a higher efficiency of 21.85% and improved stability, compared to the Li-TFSI-doped X60 devices. The stability of the optimized EMIM-TFSI-doped PSCs is greatly improved, and after 1200 hr of storage under ambient conditions, the resulting PSCs maintain 85% of the initial PCE. These findings offer a fresh method for doping the cost effective X60 as the HTL with a Li-free alternative dopant for efficient, cheaper, and reliable planar PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Tzoganakis
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University (HMU), 71410 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Dimitris Tsikritzis
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University (HMU), 71410 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Institute of Emerging Technologies (i-EMERGE) of HMU Research Center, 71410 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Chatzimanolis
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University (HMU), 71410 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Xiaodong Zhuang
- Meso-Entropy Matter Lab, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites Shangai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Gaining, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Emmanuel Kymakis
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University (HMU), 71410 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Institute of Emerging Technologies (i-EMERGE) of HMU Research Center, 71410 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
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Peng X, Rahim A, Peng W, Jiang F, Gu Z, Wen S. Recent Progress in Cyclic Aryliodonium Chemistry: Syntheses and Applications. Chem Rev 2023; 123:1364-1416. [PMID: 36649301 PMCID: PMC9951228 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Hypervalent aryliodoumiums are intensively investigated as arylating agents. They are excellent surrogates to aryl halides, and moreover they exhibit better reactivity, which allows the corresponding arylation reactions to be performed under mild conditions. In the past decades, acyclic aryliodoniums are widely explored as arylation agents. However, the unmet need for acyclic aryliodoniums is the improvement of their notoriously low reaction economy because the coproduced aryl iodides during the arylation are often wasted. Cyclic aryliodoniums have their intrinsic advantage in terms of reaction economy, and they have started to receive considerable attention due to their valuable synthetic applications to initiate cascade reactions, which can enable the construction of complex structures, including polycycles with potential pharmaceutical and functional properties. Here, we are summarizing the recent advances made in the research field of cyclic aryliodoniums, including the nascent design of aryliodonium species and their synthetic applications. First, the general preparation of typical diphenyl iodoniums is described, followed by the construction of heterocyclic iodoniums and monoaryl iodoniums. Then, the initiated arylations coupled with subsequent domino reactions are summarized to construct polycycles. Meanwhile, the advances in cyclic aryliodoniums for building biaryls including axial atropisomers are discussed in a systematic manner. Finally, a very recent advance of cyclic aryliodoniums employed as halogen-bonding organocatalysts is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Peng
- College
of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular
and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Province
Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication for Tissue Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou341000, P.R. China
- State
Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation
Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen
University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou510060, P. R. China
| | - Abdur Rahim
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Science and
Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei230026, P. R. China
| | - Weijie Peng
- College
of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular
and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Province
Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication for Tissue Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou341000, P.R. China
| | - Feng Jiang
- College
of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular
and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Province
Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication for Tissue Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou341000, P.R. China
| | - Zhenhua Gu
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Science and
Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei230026, P. R. China
| | - Shijun Wen
- State
Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation
Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen
University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou510060, P. R. China
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Afzali A, Tabasi ZA, Zhang BH, Zhao Y. Studies of a bola-type bis(dithiafulvene) molecular system: synthesis, crystal structure, and electrochemical properties. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj01796b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A bis(dithiafulvene) compound that contains a 1,3-diphenoxypropane central unit was designed and investigated in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azedeh Afzali
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X7, Canada
| | - Zahra A. Tabasi
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X7, Canada
| | - Baiyu H. Zhang
- Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollutant Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X5, Canada
| | - Yuming Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X7, Canada
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Aslam M, Mohandoss S, Subramanian P, You S, Yang WG, Kim SH, Lee YR. Indium-Catalyzed Aromative Spiro Coupling of Quinones with Oxindoles for Highly Functionalized Xanthenes as Efficient Fluorophores. Org Lett 2021; 23:1383-1387. [PMID: 33529042 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A convenient and an efficient protocol for the assembly of diverse xanthenes bearing a biologically interesting oxindole nucleus is developed by utilizing the In(III)-catalyzed spiro coupling of 1,4-benzoquinones or 1,4-naphthoquinones with oxindoles. This novel protocol proceeds via a cascade of double Michael additions and intramolecular cyclization. The synthesized compounds have potential use as fluorophores for the selective imaging of heavy metals in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Aslam
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Sonaimuthu Mohandoss
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Palanisamy Subramanian
- Department of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, 120 Gangneungdaehangno, Gangneung, Gangwon 25457, Republic of Korea
| | - SangGuan You
- Department of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, 120 Gangneungdaehangno, Gangneung, Gangwon 25457, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Guen Yang
- Analysis Research Division, Daegu Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hong Kim
- Analysis Research Division, Daegu Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Rok Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
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7
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Liu QL, Ren BY, Sun YG, Xie LH, Huang W. Research Progress of Hole Transport Materials Based on Spiro Aromatic-Skeleton in Perovskite Solar Cells. ACTA CHIMICA SINICA 2021. [DOI: 10.6023/a21060253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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9
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F. Abdollahi M, Zhao Y. Recent advances in dithiafulvenyl-functionalized organic conjugated materials. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj06430c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This review highlights the recent studies of advanced organic π-conjugated materials that contain 1,4-dithiafulvene (DTF) as a redox-active component.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuming Zhao
- Department of Chemistry
- Memorial University of Newfoundland
- St. John's
- Canada
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10
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Rong M, Yang L, Wang L, Xing H, Yu J, Qu H, Liu H. Fabrication of Microporous Aminal-Linked Polymers with Tunable Porosity toward Highly Efficient Adsorption of CO2, H2, Organic Vapor, and Volatile Iodine. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b03126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Rong
- CAS Key Laboratory
of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Liangrong Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory
of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Li Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory
of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Huifang Xing
- CAS Key Laboratory
of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jiemiao Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory
of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Hongnan Qu
- CAS Key Laboratory
of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Huizhou Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory
of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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11
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Elemental iodine mediated synthesis of thiadiazole-based dithiafulvalene donors via C(sp2)–S formation. Tetrahedron Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.11.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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