1
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Kwon YJ, Lee SG, Kim WS. Continuous Flow Synthesis of N-Sulfonyl-1,2,3-triazoles for Tandem Relay Cu/Rh Dual Catalysis. J Org Chem 2023; 88:1200-1214. [PMID: 36598492 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The continuous flow synthesis of N-sulfonyl-1,2,3-triazoles, which are convenient reactive azavinyl carbene precursors, for tandem relay Cu/Rh dual catalysis has been developed. Most reactions readily proceeded at 75 °C in a short residence time of 13.09 min in the presence of 2.5 mol % of CuTC. The scope of the reactions was explored by synthesizing diversely functionalized N-sulfonyl and sulfamoyl triazoles in yields ranging from 92 to 98%. To demonstrate the scalability of the process, the reaction was conducted on a 5.4 mmol scale with residence and collection times of 13.09 and 60 min, respectively. Furthermore, a series of controlled experiments were performed to investigate the compatibility of Cu and Rh in a batch or a continuous flow system. Finally, the first integrated flow system using the azavinyl carbene intermediate under the tandem relay Cu/Rh dual catalysis was developed for the synthesis of various cis-diamino enones from alkynes and sulfonyl azides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Ju Kwon
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul03760, South Korea
| | - Sang-Gi Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul03760, South Korea
| | - Won-Suk Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul03760, South Korea
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2
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Boni YT, Vaitla J, Davies HML. Catalyst Controlled Site- and Stereoselective Rhodium(II) Carbene C(sp 3)-H Functionalization of Allyl Boronates. Org Lett 2023; 25:5-10. [PMID: 36563330 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Rhodium(II) catalyst-controlled site- and stereoselective carbene insertion into the distal allylic C(sp3)-H bond of allyl boronates is reported. The optimum chiral catalyst for this reaction is Rh2(S-TPPTTL)4. The fidelity and asymmetric induction of this catalytic transformation allows for a highly diastereoselective and enantioselective C-C bond formation without interference from the allyl boronate functionality. The resulting functionalized allyl boronates are susceptible to stereoselective allylations, generating products with control of stereochemistry at four contiguous stereogenic centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannick T Boni
- Emory University, Department of Chemistry, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Janakiram Vaitla
- Emory University, Department of Chemistry, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Huw M L Davies
- Emory University, Department of Chemistry, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
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3
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Akter M, Rupa K, Anbarasan P. 1,2,3-Triazole and Its Analogues: New Surrogates for Diazo Compounds. Chem Rev 2022; 122:13108-13205. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Monalisa Akter
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036, India
| | - Kavuri Rupa
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036, India
| | - Pazhamalai Anbarasan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036, India
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4
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Wang Q, Zhong KB, Xu H, Li SN, Zhu WK, Ye F, Xu Z, Lan Y, Xu LW. Enantioselective Nickel-Catalyzed Si–C(sp 2) Bond Activation and Migratory Insertion to Aldehydes: Reaction Scope and Mechanism. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c00533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, P. R. China
| | - Kang-Bao Zhong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, P. R. China
| | - Shi-Nan Li
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Ke Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, P. R. China
| | - Fei Ye
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, P. R. China
| | - Yu Lan
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Li-Wen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, P. R. China
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5
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He Y, Huang Z, Wu K, Ma J, Zhou YG, Yu Z. Recent advances in transition-metal-catalyzed carbene insertion to C-H bonds. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:2759-2852. [PMID: 35297455 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00895a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
C-H functionalization has been emerging as a powerful method to establish carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom bonds. Many efforts have been devoted to transition-metal-catalyzed direct transformations of C-H bonds. Metal carbenes generated in situ from transition-metal compounds and diazo or its equivalents are usually applied as the transient reactive intermediates to furnish a catalytic cycle for new C-C and C-X bond formation. Using this strategy compounds from unactivated simple alkanes to complex molecules can be further functionalized or transformed to multi-functionalized compounds. In this area, transition-metal-catalyzed carbene insertion to C-H bonds has been paid continuous attention. Diverse catalyst design strategies, synthetic methods, and potential applications have been developed. This critical review will summarize the advance in transition-metal-catalyzed carbene insertion to C-H bonds dated up to July 2021, by the categories of C-H bonds from aliphatic C(sp3)-H, aryl (aromatic) C(sp2)-H, heteroaryl (heteroaromatic) C(sp2)-H bonds, alkenyl C(sp2)-H, and alkynyl C(sp)-H, as well as asymmetric carbene insertion to C-H bonds, and more coverage will be given to the recent work. Due to the rapid development of the C-H functionalization area, future directions in this topic are also discussed. This review will give the authors an overview of carbene insertion chemistry in C-H functionalization with focus on the catalytic systems and synthetic applications in C-C bond formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan He
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, P. R. China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zilong Huang
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, P. R. China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Kaikai Wu
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, P. R. China.
| | - Juan Ma
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, P. R. China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Gui Zhou
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, P. R. China.
| | - Zhengkun Yu
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, P. R. China. .,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 354 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China.,Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
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6
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O’Neil GW. Siletanes: Synthesis, Structure, and Reagents in Organic Synthesis. A Review. ORG PREP PROCED INT 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00304948.2021.2007018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory W. O’Neil
- Department of Chemistry, Western Washington University, Bellingham, Washington, USA
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7
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Jagannathan JR, Targos K, Franz AK. Synthesis of Functionalized Silsesquioxane Nanomaterials by Rhodium‐Catalyzed Carbene Insertion into Si−H Bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202110417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jake R. Jagannathan
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Davis One Shields Avenue Davis CA USA
| | - Karina Targos
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Davis One Shields Avenue Davis CA USA
| | - Annaliese K. Franz
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Davis One Shields Avenue Davis CA USA
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8
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Williams MB, Wells RJ, Boyer A. Synthesis and reactivity of 1-sulfonylcyclooctatriazoles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:12495-12498. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cc03648g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Sulfonyl azides undergo rapid inverse electron demand SPAAC with strained alkynes to deliver 1-sulfonyl-1,2,3-triazoles. Treatment of these with Rh(ii) carboxylate catalyst promotes denitrogenation and transannular 1,5-H insertion or 1,2-H shift.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alistair Boyer
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
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9
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Ji J, Guan C, Wei Q, Chen X, Zhao Y, Liu S. Base-Induced Highly Regioselective Synthesis of N2-Substituted 1,2,3-Triazoles under Mild Conditions in Air. Org Lett 2021; 24:132-136. [PMID: 34928620 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c03743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We developed a highly regioselective base-induced synthesis of N2-substituted 1,2,3-triazoles from N-sulfonyl-1,2,3-triazoles and alkyl bromides/alkyl iodides at room temperature. We propose an SN2-like mechanistic pathway to explain the high N2-regioselectivity. The protocol features a broad substrate scope and generates products in good to excellent yields (72-90%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Ji
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Cong Guan
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Qinghua Wei
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Xuwen Chen
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Yun Zhao
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Shunying Liu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
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10
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Pal K, Volla CMR. Catalytic Insertion Reactions of α-Imino Carbenoids. CHEM REC 2021; 21:4032-4058. [PMID: 34791794 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decade, α-imino carbenoids generated via transition metal (such as rhodium, nickel, copper, palladium, silver) catalyzed denitrogenative ring-opening of N-sulfonyl-1,2,3-triazoles have found an extensive account of applications in synthetic organic chemistry. Particularly, they have been widely utilized as a donor/acceptor carbene complex in a range of transformations leading to diverse nitrogen containing compounds and heterocycles. Along the same direction, 3-diazoindolin-2-imines were successfully applied as an alternative source of α-imino carbenoid precursors for the development of a number of methodologies to access diverse indole derivatives. This review summarizes the insertion reactions of α-imino metal carbenes derived from N-sulfonyl-1,2,3-triazoles and 3-diazoindolin-2-imines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuntal Pal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Chandra M R Volla
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
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11
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Jagannathan JR, Targos K, Franz AK. Synthesis of Functionalized Silsesquioxane Nanomaterials by Rhodium-Catalyzed Carbene Insertion into Si-H bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202110417. [PMID: 34693589 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202110417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We report carbene insertion into Si-H bonds of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) for the synthesis of highly functionalized siloxane nanomaterials. Dirhodium(II) carboxylates catalyze insertion of aryl-diazoacetates as carbene precursors to afford POSS structures containing both ester and aryl groups as orthogonal functional handles for further derivatization of POSS materials. Four diverse and structurally varied silsesquioxane core scaffolds with one, three, or eight Si-H bonds were evaluated with diazo reactants to produce a total of 20 new POSS compounds. Novel diazo compounds containing a fluorinated octyl group and boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY) chromophore demonstrate the use of highly functionalized substrates. Transformations of aryl(ester)-functionalized POSS compounds derived from this method are demonstrated, including ester hydrolysis and Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake R Jagannathan
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Karina Targos
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Annaliese K Franz
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, USA
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12
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Ueda Y. Site-Selective Molecular Transformation: Acylation of Hydroxy Groups and C-H Amination. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2021; 69:931-944. [PMID: 34602573 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c21-00425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Control of site selectivity is an exciting direction for synthetic organic chemistry owing to the possibility of selective modification of multifunctionalized molecules, ultimately including biomacromolecules. In this review, our recent research related to site selectivity in two types of transformation, namely, the acylation of hydroxy groups and C-H amination, is summarized. Regarding the acylation of hydroxy groups, catalyst-controlled site selectivity enables unconventional retrosynthetic analysis, leading to efficient syntheses of sugar-related natural and unnatural products. Regarding C-H amination, the discovery of unprecedented reaction sites in intermolecular amination mediated by dirhodium nitrenes is described. The findings of this research demonstrate the power of site-selective transformation in the synthesis of a particular class of compounds.
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13
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Yadagiri D, Anbarasan P. Catalytic Functionalization of Metallocarbenes Derived from α-Diazocarbonyl Compounds and Their Precursors. CHEM REC 2021; 21:3872-3883. [PMID: 34448345 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Short and efficient synthesis of heterocyclic compounds are highly desirable in synthetic organic chemistry. It is a dream approach to accomplish these syntheses from readily available starting materials in a single step. In this personal account, we discuss our contribution in the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds and beyond from N-sulfonyl-1,2,3-triazoles and α-diazocarbonyl compounds, which are the precursors for α-imino (carbonyl) metal carbenes in the presence of transition metal catalysts. Functionalization of α-imino(carbonyl) metal carbenes has been achieved through in-situ generated metal-stabilized ylides followed by either intramolecular trapping by non-polar bonds, rearrangement, cycloaddition, or 1,3-insertion fashion, which led to the efficient synthesis of various synthetically important intermediates and heterocyclic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongari Yadagiri
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, India
| | - Pazhamalai Anbarasan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India
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14
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Guarnieri-Ibáñez A, de Aguirre A, Besnard C, Poblador-Bahamonde AI, Lacour J. Regiodivergent synthesis of pyrazino-indolines vs. triazocines via α-imino carbenes addition to imidazolidines. Chem Sci 2020; 12:1479-1485. [PMID: 34163911 PMCID: PMC8179195 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc05725h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Hexahydropyrazinoindoles were prepared in a single step from N-sulfonyl triazoles and imidazolidines. Under dirhodium catalysis, α-imino carbenes were generated and formed nitrogen ylide intermediates that, after subsequent aminal opening, afforded the pyrazinoindoles predominantly via formal [1,2]-Stevens and tandem Friedel–Crafts cyclizations. Of mechanistic importance, a regiodivergent reactivity was engineered through the use of a specific unsymmetrically substituted imidazolidine that promoted the exclusive formation of 8-membered ring 1,3,6-triazocines. Based on DFT calculations, an original Curtin–Hammett-like situation was demonstrated for the mechanism. Further derivatizations led to functionalized tetrahydropyrazinoindoles in high yields. Hexahydropyrazinoindoles are prepared in a single step from N-sulfonyl triazoles and imidazolidines. Of mechanistic importance, a regiodivergent reactivity can be engineered towards the exclusive formation of 8-membered ring 1,3,6-triazocines.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Guarnieri-Ibáñez
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, 1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
| | - Adiran de Aguirre
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, 1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
| | - Céline Besnard
- Laboratory of Crystallography, University of Geneva Quai Ernest Ansermet 24, 1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
| | | | - Jérôme Lacour
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, 1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
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15
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Abstract
An efficient synthetic method of tetracyclic 3,4-fused indoles and dihydroindoles via rhodium-catalyzed (3+2) cycloaddition of N-tosyl-4-(2-phenoxyphenyl)-1,2,3-triazole was described. The aromatized xanthene derivatives can be achieved in a one-pot synthesis starting from 1-ethynyl-2-phenoxybenzene. The xanthene-based fused heterocycles were considered as the valuable fluorophore.
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16
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Ninomiya R, Arai K, Chen G, Morisaki K, Kawabata T, Ueda Y. β-Silicon-effect-promoted intermolecular site-selective C(sp 3)-H amination with dirhodium nitrenes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:5759-5762. [PMID: 32319980 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc00959h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A dirhodium-catalyzed, β-selective C-H amination of organosilicon compounds has been developed. Primary C(sp3)-H bonds of silylethyl groups and secondary C(sp3)-H bonds of silacycloalkanes can be selectively converted to C-N bonds at the β-position of the silicon atoms. The experimental data and theoretical calculations indicate that the strong σ-donor ability of the carbon-silicon bonds is responsible for the β-selectivity. Kinetic isotope effects clearly demonstrate that the C-H bond cleavage step is not turnover-limiting, but selectivity-determining.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Ninomiya
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan.
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17
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Vaitla J, Boni YT, Davies HML. Distal Allylic/Benzylic C−H Functionalization of Silyl Ethers Using Donor/Acceptor Rhodium(II) Carbenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201916530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Janakiram Vaitla
- Department of Chemistry Emory University 1515 Dickey Drive Atlanta GA 30322 USA
- Department of Chemistry University of Tromsø 9037 Tromsø Norway
| | - Yannick T. Boni
- Department of Chemistry Emory University 1515 Dickey Drive Atlanta GA 30322 USA
| | - Huw M. L. Davies
- Department of Chemistry Emory University 1515 Dickey Drive Atlanta GA 30322 USA
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18
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Vaitla J, Boni YT, Davies HML. Distal Allylic/Benzylic C-H Functionalization of Silyl Ethers Using Donor/Acceptor Rhodium(II) Carbenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:7397-7402. [PMID: 31908146 PMCID: PMC7233467 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201916530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Regio- and stereoselective distal allylic/benzylic C-H functionalization of allyl and benzyl silyl ethers was achieved using rhodium(II) carbenes derived from N-sulfonyltriazoles and aryldiazoacetates as carbene precursors. The bulky rhodium carbenes led to highly site-selective functionalization of less activated allylic and benzylic C-H bonds even in the presence of electronically preferred C-H bonds located α to oxygen. The dirhodium catalyst Rh2 (S-NTTL)4 is the most effective chiral catalyst for triazole-derived carbene transformations, whereas Rh2 (S-TPPTTL)4 works best for carbenes derived from aryldiazoacetates. The reactions afford a variety of δ-functionalized allyl silyl ethers with high diastereo- and enantioselectivity. The utility of the present method was demonstrated by its application to the synthesis of a 3,4-disubstituted l-proline scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janakiram Vaitla
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tromsø, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Yannick T. Boni
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Huw M. L. Davies
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
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19
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Herndon JW. The chemistry of the carbon-transition metal double and triple bond: Annual survey covering the year 2018. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2019.213051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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20
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Davies HML. Finding Opportunities from Surprises and Failures. Development of Rhodium-Stabilized Donor/Acceptor Carbenes and Their Application to Catalyst-Controlled C-H Functionalization. J Org Chem 2019; 84:12722-12745. [PMID: 31525891 PMCID: PMC7232105 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b02428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Catalyst-controlled C-H functionalization by means of the C-H insertion chemistry of rhodium carbenes has become a powerful synthetic method. The key requirements for the development of this chemistry are donor/acceptor carbenes and the chiral dirhodium tetracarboxylate catalysts. This perspective will describe the stages involved in developing this chemistry and illustrate the scope of the donor/acceptor carbene C-H functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huw M L Davies
- Department of Chemistry , Emory University , 1515 Dickey Drive , Atlanta , Georgia 30322 , Unites States
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21
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Li Z, Wei Q, Song L, Han W, Wu X, Zhao Y, Xia F, Liu S. Highly Regioselective Radical Transformation of N-Sulfonyl-1,2,3-triazoles in Air. Org Lett 2019; 21:6413-6417. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zi Li
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Qinghua Wei
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Longlong Song
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Wangyujing Han
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Wu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Yun Zhao
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Fei Xia
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Shunying Liu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
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22
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Garlets ZJ, Hicks EF, Fu J, Voight EA, Davies HML. Regio- and Stereoselective Rhodium(II)-Catalyzed C-H Functionalization of Organosilanes by Donor/Acceptor Carbenes Derived from Aryldiazoacetates. Org Lett 2019; 21:4910-4914. [PMID: 31184488 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b01833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The regioselective and enantioselective intermolecular sp3 C-H functionalization of silicon-substituted alkanes with aryl diazoacetates was accomplished using the recently developed dirhodium catalyst Rh2( S-TPPTTL)4. These reactions generate a diverse array of stereodefined substituted silacycloalkanes with high enantioselectivity and diastereoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary J Garlets
- Department of Chemistry , Emory University , 1515 Dickey Drive , Atlanta , Georgia 30322 , United States
| | - Elliot F Hicks
- Department of Chemistry , Emory University , 1515 Dickey Drive , Atlanta , Georgia 30322 , United States
| | - Jiantao Fu
- Department of Chemistry , Emory University , 1515 Dickey Drive , Atlanta , Georgia 30322 , United States
| | - Eric A Voight
- Research & Development , AbbVie , 1 North Waukegan Road , North Chicago , Illinois 60064 , United States
| | - Huw M L Davies
- Department of Chemistry , Emory University , 1515 Dickey Drive , Atlanta , Georgia 30322 , United States
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23
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Rawat D, Ravi C, Joshi A, Suresh E, Jana K, Ganguly B, Adimurthy S. Indium-Catalyzed Denitrogenative Transannulation of Pyridotriazoles: Synthesis of Pyrido[1,2-a]indoles. Org Lett 2019; 21:2043-2047. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b00180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Deepa Rawat
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, CSIR−Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar-364002, Gujarat, India
| | - Chitrakar Ravi
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, CSIR−Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar-364002, Gujarat, India
| | - Abhisek Joshi
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, CSIR−Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar-364002, Gujarat, India
| | - Eringathodi Suresh
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, CSIR−Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar-364002, Gujarat, India
| | - Kalyanashis Jana
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, CSIR−Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar-364002, Gujarat, India
| | - Bishwajit Ganguly
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, CSIR−Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar-364002, Gujarat, India
| | - Subbarayappa Adimurthy
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, CSIR−Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar-364002, Gujarat, India
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24
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Haines BE, Sarpong R, Musaev DG. Generality and Strength of Transition Metal β-Effects. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:10612-10618. [PMID: 30051713 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b06817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Using computation, we examine the generality and strength of β-effects from transition metal centers on β-elimination. In particular, we find that a β-Pd(II) substituent imparts over twice the stabilization to a carbocation as a Si substituent, representative of the well-known β-silicon effect. We established efficient and practical computational parameters to investigate the σσ conjugation in an experimentally relevant system: N, N-picolinamide vinyl metalacycles with β-substituents that can undergo elimination. We have found that the β-Pd effect depends on the nature of the Cβ substituent (X): This effect is negligible for X = H, Me, OH, and F, but is significant for X = Cl, Br, and I. We have also extended these studies to the β-effect in N, N-picolinamide vinyl metalacycles with β-substituents of other transition metals-Fe(II), Ru(II), Os(II), Co(III), Rh(III), Ir(III), Ni(II), Pd(II), Pt(II), Cu(III), Ag(III), and Au(III). We found that the electronegativity of the metals correlates reasonably well with the relative β-effects, with first-row transition metals exerting the strongest influence. Overall, it is our anticipation that a more profound appreciation of transition metal β-effects will facilitate the design of novel reactions, including new variants of transition metal catalyzed C-H functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon E Haines
- Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation , Emory University , Atlanta , Georgia 30322 , United States.,Department of Chemistry , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
| | - Richmond Sarpong
- Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation , Emory University , Atlanta , Georgia 30322 , United States.,Department of Chemistry , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
| | - Djamaladdin G Musaev
- Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation , Emory University , Atlanta , Georgia 30322 , United States.,Department of Chemistry , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
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25
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Kubiak RW, Davies HML. Rhodium-Catalyzed Intermolecular C-H Functionalization as a Key Step in the Synthesis of Complex Stereodefined β-Arylpyrrolidines. Org Lett 2018; 20:3771-3775. [PMID: 29927258 PMCID: PMC7232104 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b01362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of β-arylpyrrolidines via a catalytic enantioselective intermolecular allylic C(sp)3-H functionalization of trans-alkenes followed by immediate reduction, ozonolysis, and then in situ diversification of the resulting cyclic hemiaminal to furnish highly substituted, stereoenriched β-arylpyrrolidines is reported. This methodology utilizes 4-aryl-1-sulfonyl-1,2,3-triazoles as carbene precursors and the dirhodium tetracarboxylate catalyst Rh2( S-NTTL)4. A variety of β-arylpyrrolidines were prepared in good yields with high levels of diastereo- and enantioselectivity over four linear steps, requiring only a single purification procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert W. Kubiak
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Huw M. L. Davies
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
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26
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Jurberg ID, Davies HML. Blue light-promoted photolysis of aryldiazoacetates. Chem Sci 2018; 9:5112-5118. [PMID: 29938043 PMCID: PMC5994880 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc01165f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aryldiazoacetates can undergo photolysis under blue light irradiation (460–490 nm) at room temperature and under air in the presence of numerous trapping agents, such as styrene, carboxylic acids, amines, alkanes and arenes, thus providing a straighforward and general platform for their mild functionalization.
Aryldiazoacetates can undergo photolysis under blue light irradiation (460–490 nm) at room temperature and under air in the presence of numerous trapping agents, such as styrene, carboxylic acids, amines, alkanes and arenes, thus providing a straighforward and general platform for their mild functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor D Jurberg
- Department of Chemistry , Emory University , 1515 Dickey Drive , Atlanta , Georgia 30322 , USA.,Institute of Chemistry , State University of Campinas , Rua Monteiro Lobato 270 , Campinas , São Paulo 13083-970 , Brazil .
| | - Huw M L Davies
- Department of Chemistry , Emory University , 1515 Dickey Drive , Atlanta , Georgia 30322 , USA
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