1
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Jin Y, Ramadoss B, Asako S, Ilies L. Noncovalent interaction with a spirobipyridine ligand enables efficient iridium-catalyzed C-H activation. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2886. [PMID: 38632241 PMCID: PMC11024094 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46893-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Exploitation of noncovalent interactions for recognition of an organic substrate has received much attention for the design of metal catalysts in organic synthesis. The CH-π interaction is especially of interest for molecular recognition because both the C-H bonds and the π electrons are fundamental properties of organic molecules. However, because of their weak nature, these interactions have been less utilized for the control of organic reactions. We show here that the CH-π interaction can be used to kinetically accelerate catalytic C-H activation of arenes by directly recognizing the π-electrons of the arene substrates with a spirobipyridine ligand. Computation and a ligand kinetic isotope effect study provide evidence for the CH-π interaction between the ligand backbone and the arene substrate. The rational exploitation of weak noncovalent interactions between the ligand and the substrate will open new avenues for ligand design in catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushu Jin
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | | | - Sobi Asako
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan.
| | - Laurean Ilies
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan.
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2
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Sinha SK, Ghosh P, Jain S, Maiti S, Al-Thabati SA, Alshehri AA, Mokhtar M, Maiti D. Transition-metal catalyzed C-H activation as a means of synthesizing complex natural products. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:7461-7503. [PMID: 37811747 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00282a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, the advent of C-H activation has led to a rethink among chemists about the synthetic strategies employed for multi-step transformations. Indeed, deploying innovative and masterful tricks against the numerous classical organic transformations has been the need of the hour. Despite this, the immense importance of C-H activation remains unfulfilled unless the methodology can be deployed for large-scale industrial processes and towards the concise, step-economic synthesis of prodigious natural products and pharmaceutical drugs. Lately, the growing potential of C-H activation methodology has indeed driven the pioneers of synthetic organic chemists into finding more efficient methods to accelerate the synthesis of such complex molecular scaffolds. This review aims to draw a general overview of the various C-H activation procedures that have been adopted for synthesizing these vast majority of structurally complicated natural products. Our objective lies in drawing a complete picture and taking the readers through the synthesis of a series of such complex organic compounds by simplified techniques, making it step-economic on a larger scale and thus instigating the readers to trigger the use of such methodology and uncover new, unique patterns for future synthesis of such natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Kumar Sinha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India.
| | - Pintu Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India.
| | - Shubhanshu Jain
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India.
| | - Siddhartha Maiti
- School of Biosciences, Engineering and Technology, VIT Bhopal University, Kothrikalan, Sehore, Madhya Pradesh - 466114, India
| | - Shaeel A Al-Thabati
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmohsen Ali Alshehri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Mokhtar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India.
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3
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Gribble GW. Naturally Occurring Organohalogen Compounds-A Comprehensive Review. PROGRESS IN THE CHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC NATURAL PRODUCTS 2023; 121:1-546. [PMID: 37488466 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-26629-4_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
The present volume is the third in a trilogy that documents naturally occurring organohalogen compounds, bringing the total number-from fewer than 25 in 1968-to approximately 8000 compounds to date. Nearly all of these natural products contain chlorine or bromine, with a few containing iodine and, fewer still, fluorine. Produced by ubiquitous marine (algae, sponges, corals, bryozoa, nudibranchs, fungi, bacteria) and terrestrial organisms (plants, fungi, bacteria, insects, higher animals) and universal abiotic processes (volcanos, forest fires, geothermal events), organohalogens pervade the global ecosystem. Newly identified extraterrestrial sources are also documented. In addition to chemical structures, biological activity, biohalogenation, biodegradation, natural function, and future outlook are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon W Gribble
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA.
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4
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Tan DX, Han FS. The application of C–H bond functionalization in the total syntheses of indole natural products. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01636a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The recent advances in total synthesis of indole natural products focusing on the application of C–H bond functionalization are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Xing Tan
- CAS Key Lab of High-Performance Synthetic Rubber and its Composite Materials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
| | - Fu-She Han
- CAS Key Lab of High-Performance Synthetic Rubber and its Composite Materials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
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5
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Abstract
Classical amination methods involve the reaction of a nitrogen nucleophile with an electrophilic carbon center; however, in recent years, umpoled strategies have gained traction where the nitrogen source acts as an electrophile. A wide range of electrophilic aminating agents are now available, and these underpin a range of powerful C-N bond-forming processes. In this Review, we highlight the strategic use of electrophilic aminating agents in total synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren G. O'Neil
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BristolCantock's CloseBristolBS8 1TSUK
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of LiverpoolCrown StreetLiverpoolL69 7ZDUK
| | - John F. Bower
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of LiverpoolCrown StreetLiverpoolL69 7ZDUK
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6
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren G. O'Neil
- School of Chemistry University of Bristol Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
- Department of Chemistry University of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - John F. Bower
- Department of Chemistry University of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
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7
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Midde S, Vytla D, Velayuthaperumal R, Kaliyaperumal K, Reddy CA, Jarugu LB, Gupta A, Roy A, Mathur A. Solid-phase synthesis of JBIR-126 (Tambromycin), JBIR-35 and their analogs. Tetrahedron Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2021.152970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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8
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Nabi AA, Scott LM, Furkert DP, Sperry J. Synthetic studies toward inducamide C. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:416-420. [PMID: 33313627 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01995j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The alkaloid inducamide C is proposed to contain a very rare benzoxazepine ring. Herein, we report that the benzoxazepine ring in inducamide C is unstable and prone to rearrangement, indicating that structural revision of the natural product may be necessary. In a first-generation synthetic approach, attempts to assemble the benzoxazepine by cyclization of 4-hydroxyinducamide A led to the regioisomeric oxepanoindole, a result of the 4-hydroxyindole (C4-OH) undergoing preferential cyclization instead of the desired chlorosalicylic acid C15-OH. A second-generation approach involved dealkylation of O-isopropylinducamide C, but the same oxepanoindole formed via rearrangement of the proposed inducamide C structure. Computational studies validate preferential formation of the oxepanoindole and the lactone in O-isopropylinducamide C is susceptible to nucleophilic attack. Thus, inducamide C is either highly unstable or in need of structural revision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ardalan A Nabi
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Lydia M Scott
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Daniel P Furkert
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Jonathan Sperry
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
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9
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Tripolitsiotis NP, Thomaidi M, Neochoritis CG. The Ugi Three‐Component Reaction; a Valuable Tool in Modern Organic Synthesis. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202001157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Thomaidi
- Chemistry Department School of Science and Engineering University of Crete 70013 Heraklion Greece
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10
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McCarthy C, Losada‐Garcia N, Palomo JM. Direct Synthesis of Phenols from Phenylboronic Acids in Aqueous Media Catalyzed by a Cu(0)‐Nanoparticles Biohybrid. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202002110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin McCarthy
- Department of Biocatalysis Institute of Catalysis (CSIC) Cantoblanco campus UAM 28049 Madrid Spain) E-mail
| | - Noelia Losada‐Garcia
- Department of Biocatalysis Institute of Catalysis (CSIC) Cantoblanco campus UAM 28049 Madrid Spain) E-mail
| | - Jose M. Palomo
- Department of Biocatalysis Institute of Catalysis (CSIC) Cantoblanco campus UAM 28049 Madrid Spain) E-mail
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11
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Maksimainen M, Nurmesjärvi A, Terho RA, Threadgill MD, Lehtiö L, Heiskanen JP. Derivatives of a PARP Inhibitor TIQ-A through the Synthesis of 8-Alkoxythieno[2,3- c]isoquinolin-5(4 H)-ones. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:13447-13453. [PMID: 32548533 PMCID: PMC7288715 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Thieno[2,3-c]isoquinolin-5(4H)-one is known for its potential as an anti-ischemic agent through the inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1). However, the compound also inhibits many other enzymes of the PARP family, potentially limiting its usability. The broad inhibition profile, on the other hand, indicates that this molecule backbone could be potentially used as a scaffold for the development of specific inhibitors for certain PARP enzymes. These efforts call for novel synthetic strategies for substituted thieno[2,3-c]isoquinolin-5(4H)-one that could provide the needed selectivity. In this article, an efficient synthetic strategy for 8-alkoxythieno[2,3-c]isoquinolin-5(4H)-ones through eight steps is presented and other tested synthetic pathways are discussed in detail. Synthesis of 7-methoxythieno[2,3-c]isoquinolin-5(4H)-one is also demonstrated to show that the strategy can be applied widely in the syntheses of substituted alkoxythieno[2,3-c]isoquinolin-5(4H)-ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirko
M. Maksimainen
- Faculty
of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine & Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu FI-90014, Finland
| | - Antti Nurmesjärvi
- Research
Unit of Sustainable Chemistry, University
of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300, Oulu FI-90014, Finland
| | - Reima A. Terho
- Research
Unit of Sustainable Chemistry, University
of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300, Oulu FI-90014, Finland
| | - Michael D. Threadgill
- Drug
& Target Discovery, Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K.
| | - Lari Lehtiö
- Faculty
of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine & Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu FI-90014, Finland
| | - Juha P. Heiskanen
- Research
Unit of Sustainable Chemistry, University
of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300, Oulu FI-90014, Finland
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12
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Lv J, Zhao B, Yuan Y, Han Y, Shi Z. Boron-mediated directed aromatic C-H hydroxylation. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1316. [PMID: 32165636 PMCID: PMC7067857 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15207-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Transition metal-catalysed C–H hydroxylation is one of the most notable advances in synthetic chemistry during the past few decades and it has been widely employed in the preparation of alcohols and phenols. The site-selective hydroxylation of aromatic C–H bonds under mild conditions, especially in the context of substituted (hetero)arenes with diverse functional groups, remains a challenge. Here, we report a general and mild chelation-assisted C–H hydroxylation of (hetero)arenes mediated by boron species without the use of any transition metals. Diverse (hetero)arenes bearing amide directing groups can be utilized for ortho C–H hydroxylation under mild reaction conditions and with broad functional group compatibility. Additionally, this transition metal-free strategy can be extended to synthesize C7 and C4-hydroxylated indoles. By utilizing the present method, the formal synthesis of several phenol intermediates to bioactive molecules is demonstrated. Transition metal-catalysed C–H hydroxylation is one of the most notable synthetic advances to access alcohols and phenols. Here, the authors report a metal-free, mild C–H hydroxylation of (hetero)arenes via boron-mediated chelation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahang Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Binlin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Yuan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ying Han
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhuangzhi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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13
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Zhang Y, Ai HJ, Wu XF. Copper-catalyzed carbonylative synthesis of pyrrolidine-containing amides from γ,δ-unsaturated aromatic oxime esters. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo00999g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A new method of low-cost copper-catalyzed carbonylative cyclization for preparing pyrrolidine-containing amides from γ,δ-unsaturated aromatic oxime esters and amines has been described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youcan Zhang
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT) an der Universität Rostock
- 18059 Rostock
- Germany
| | - Han-Jun Ai
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT) an der Universität Rostock
- 18059 Rostock
- Germany
| | - Xiao-Feng Wu
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. (LIKAT) an der Universität Rostock
- 18059 Rostock
- Germany
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
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14
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Xiao Q, Tang YF, Xie P. An efficient enantioselective synthesis of ( S)-α-methyl-serine methyl ester hydrochloride via asymmetrically catalyzed amination. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2020; 22:61-68. [PMID: 31311320 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2019.1634058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Revised: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We present the synthesis of enantiomerically pure (S)-α-methyl-serine methyl ester hydrochloride from 2-methyl-3-((4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl)oxy)propanal and di-p-chlorobenzyl azodicarboxylate via asymmetrically catalyzed amination with naphthylalanine derivative catalyst. The application of the organocatalyst of D-3-(1-Naphthyl)-alanine is the key step in the synthesis and ensures the product is obtained with high levels of stereocontrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Xiao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Druggability Evaluation & State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yi-Fan Tang
- Department of Synthetic Medicinal Chemistry, Beijing Union Pharmaceutical Factory, Beijing 102600, China
| | - Ping Xie
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Druggability Evaluation & State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
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15
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Zhang J, Wang YY, Sun H, Li SY, Xiang SH, Tan B. Enantioselective three-component Ugi reaction catalyzed by chiral phosphoric acid. Sci China Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-019-9606-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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16
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Thakur N, Patil RA, Talebi M, Readel ER, Armstrong DW. Enantiomeric impurities in chiral catalysts, auxiliaries, and synthons used in enantioselective syntheses. Part 5. Chirality 2019; 31:688-699. [PMID: 31318099 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The enantiomeric excess of chiral starting materials is one of the important factors determining the enantiopurity of products in asymmetric synthesis. Fifty-one commercially available chiral reagents used as building blocks, catalysts, and auxiliaries in various enantioselective syntheses were assayed for their enantiomeric purity. The test results were classified within five impurities level (ie, <0.01%, 0.01%-0.1%, 0.1%-1%, 1%-10%, >10%). Previously from 1998 to 2013, several reports have been published on the enantiomeric composition of more than 300 chiral reagents. This series of papers is necessitated by the fact that new reagents are forthcoming and that the enantiomeric purity of the same reagent can vary from batch to batch and/or from supplier to supplier. This report presents chiral liquid chromatography (LC) and gas chromatography (GC) methods to separate enantiomers of chiral compounds and evaluate their enantiomeric purities. The accurate and efficient LC analysis was done using newly introduced superficially porous particle (SPP 2.7 μm) based chiral stationary phases (TeicoShell, VancoShell, LarihcShell-P, and NicoShell).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimisha Thakur
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas
| | - Rahul A Patil
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas
| | - Mohsen Talebi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas
| | - Elizabeth R Readel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas
| | - Daniel W Armstrong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas
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17
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Mehedi MSA, Tepe JJ. Diastereoselective One-Pot Synthesis of Oxazolines Using Sulfur Ylides and Acyl Imines. J Org Chem 2019; 84:7219-7226. [PMID: 31117573 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
This work describes an extended version of the Corey-Chaykovsky reaction to access oxazolines using sulfur ylides and stable precursors of acyl imines. The reaction proceeds through a mixture of aziridines and oxazolines, which provides the trans-oxazolines following in situ Heine-type aziridine ring expansion upon treatment with BF3·OEt2. Following the same one-pot procedure, amidine imides react with the sulfur ylides to provide imidazolines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Shafaat Al Mehedi
- Department of Chemistry , Michigan State University , East Lansing , Michigan 48823 , United States
| | - Jetze J Tepe
- Department of Chemistry , Michigan State University , East Lansing , Michigan 48823 , United States
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18
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Abstract
C–H functionalization is a chemically challenging but highly desirable transformation. 2-oxoglutarate-dependent oxygenases (2OGXs) are remarkably versatile biocatalysts for the activation of C–H bonds. In nature, they have been shown to accept both small and large molecules carrying out a plethora of reactions, including hydroxylations, demethylations, ring formations, rearrangements, desaturations, and halogenations, making them promising candidates for industrial manufacture. In this review, we describe the current status of 2OGX use in biocatalytic applications concentrating on 2OGX-catalyzed oxyfunctionalization of amino acids and synthesis of antibiotics. Looking forward, continued bioinformatic sourcing will help identify additional, practical useful members of this intriguing enzyme family, while enzyme engineering will pave the way to enhance 2OGX reactivity for non-native substrates.
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19
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Xiao Q, Tang Y, Xie P, Yin D. Asymmetric amination of α,α-dialkyl substituted aldehydes catalyzed by a simple chiral primary amino acid and its application to the preparation of a S1P1 agonist. RSC Adv 2019; 9:33497-33505. [PMID: 35529148 PMCID: PMC9073532 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra06210f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The chiral catalytic amination of an α,α-dialkyl substituted aldehyde usually proceeds with low enantioselectivity. We selected naphthyl-l-alanine as the catalyst and observed improved enantioselectivity for the amination. Using this method, racemic α-methyl-α-benzyloxypropanal was aminated to give chiral serine derivatives in 74% ee, which was further increased to >99% ee after recrystallization. Moreover, we also successfully synthesized a chiral phosphonium salt 9 for the preparation of one α-substituted alaninol compound 14 as an S1P1 agonist in high overall yield. The chiral catalytic amination of an α,α-dialkyl substituted aldehyde usually proceeds with low enantioselectivity.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substance Discovery and Druggability Evaluation
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- Institute of Materia Medica
- Peking Union Medical College
| | - Yifan Tang
- Beijing Union Pharmaceutical Factory
- PR China
| | - Ping Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substance Discovery and Druggability Evaluation
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- Institute of Materia Medica
- Peking Union Medical College
| | - Dali Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substance Discovery and Druggability Evaluation
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- Institute of Materia Medica
- Peking Union Medical College
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20
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Santoro S, Ferlin F, Ackermann L, Vaccaro L. C-H functionalization reactions under flow conditions. Chem Soc Rev 2019; 48:2767-2782. [PMID: 30942788 DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00211h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
C-H functionalization technologies have progressed enormously in the last decade as testified by the great number of publications that have appeared in the literature, which are receiving great attention from researchers from different areas of expertise. While most of the protocols reported realize the C-H functionalization processes under batch conditions, there is a growing interest in the development of continuous-flow procedures aiming at increasing the performances of established methodologies or the definition of otherwise unfeasible transformations. This review summarizes the application of flow technologies for the realization of C-H functionalization reactions. According to the type of flow reactors necessary, two main general approaches are possible for the application of flow techniques, namely the use of homogeneous or heterogeneous conditions. Each example is discussed and accompanied by the description of the main features and benefits of the use of flow compared to batch conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Santoro
- Laboratory of Green S.O.C., Dipartimento di Chimica Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università di Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto, 8 - 06123 Perugia, Italy.
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21
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Abrams DJ, Provencher PA, Sorensen EJ. Recent applications of C-H functionalization in complex natural product synthesis. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:8925-8967. [PMID: 30426998 DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00716k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 385] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In this review, recent examples featuring C-H functionalization in the synthesis of complex natural products are discussed. A focus is given to the way in which C-H functionalization can influence the logical process of retrosynthesis, and the review is organized by the type and method of C-H functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan J Abrams
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
| | | | - Erik J Sorensen
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
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Shibahara F, Fukunaga T, Kubota S, Yoshida A, Murai T. Synthesis of Chiral Selenazolines from N-Acyloxazolidinones via a Selenative Rearrangement of Chiral Cyclic Skeletons. Org Lett 2018; 20:5826-5830. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b02520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fumitoshi Shibahara
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Tomoki Fukunaga
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Saki Kubota
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Akihito Yoshida
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Murai
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
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