1
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Huang PF, Fu JL, Peng Y, Tang KW, Liu Y. Electrochemical Oxidative (4 + 2) Cyclization of Anilines and o-Phenylenediamines for the Synthesis of Phenazines. Org Lett 2024; 26:3756-3761. [PMID: 38678581 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c00851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Phenazines, crucial constituents of nitrogen-containing heterocycles, widely exist in functional compounds. Herein, we report an anodic oxidative (4 + 2) cyclization between anilines and o-phenylenediamines for the uniform construction of phenazines in a simple undivided cell. Dual C-H amination followed by oxidation represents an outstanding step and atom efficiency. A sequence of phenazines is produced with excellent functional group tolerance at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Fei Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Jia-Le Fu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Ying Peng
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Ke-Wen Tang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
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2
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Pan C, Wang L, Han J. Diaryliodonium Salts Enabled Arylation, Arylocyclization, and Aryl-Migration. CHEM REC 2023; 23:e202300138. [PMID: 37249418 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Our research interest focusing on synthetic methodology with diaryliodonium salts, is summarized in this account. Besides employing a dual activation strategy of C-I and ortho C-H bonds, we have introduced vicinal functional groups at ortho-positions of diaryliodonium salts, in which their unique reactivities have been explored in various processes, including arylation, diarylation, cascade annulation, benzocyclization, arylocyclization, and intramolecular aryl migration. The variety of mechanisms of these reactions that involves either transition metals, especially palladium in organometallic catalysis, or transition-metal free conditions, were discussed in the context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Pan
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Department of Fine Chemistry and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Limin Wang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Department of Fine Chemistry and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Jianwei Han
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Department of Fine Chemistry and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
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3
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Wu Y, Jiang Y, Wang F, Wang B, Chen C. Direct electrophilic and radical isoperfluoropropylation with i-C 3F 7-Iodine(III) reagent (PFPI reagent). Commun Chem 2023; 6:177. [PMID: 37620542 PMCID: PMC10449889 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-023-00986-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The isoperfluoropropyl group (i-C3F7) is an emerging motif in pharmaceuticals, agrichemicals and functional materials. However, isoperfluoropropylated compounds remain largely underexplored, presumably due to the lack of efficient access to these compounds. Herein, we disclose the practical and efficient isoperfluoropropylation of aromatic C-H bonds through the invention of a hypervalent-iodine-based reagent-PFPI reagent, that proceeds via a Ag-X coupling process. The activation of the PFPI reagent without any catalysts or additives was demonstrated in the synthesis of isoperfluoropropylated electron-rich heterocycles, while its activity under photoredox catalysis was shown in the synthesis of isoperfluoropropylated non-activated arenes. Detailed mechanistic experiments and DFT calculations revealed a SET-induced concerted mechanistic pathway in the photoredox reactions. In addition, the unique conformation of i-C3F7 in products, that involved intramolecular hydrogen bond was investigated by X-ray single-crystal diffraction and variable-temperature NMR experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxing Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yunchen Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
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4
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Diverse reactivity of the gem-difluorovinyl iodonium salt for direct incorporation of the difluoroethylene group into N- and O-nucleophiles. Commun Chem 2022; 5:167. [PMID: 36697903 PMCID: PMC9814539 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-022-00772-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of gem-difluoroethylene compounds remains a difficult task in organic synthesis. Here, the direct difluoroethylation reactions of N- and O-nucleophiles including amides and acids were realized with a hypervalent iodine reagent: gem-difluorovinyl iodonium salt (DFVI). The reactions were accomplished via a neighbouring group rearrangement. The gem-difluorovinyl iodonium salt was found to display diverse reactivity due to its unique electronic effect and was applied to the incorporation of difluoroethylene group, including difluorovinylation of carboxylic acids, difluorovinylation and 1,3-cyclic fluorovinylation of amides and 1,1-cyclic difluoroethylation of amines.
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5
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Niu Y, Cao CK, Ge C, Qu H, Chen C. The Pd-catalyzed synthesis of difluoroethyl and difluorovinyl compounds with a chlorodifluoroethyl iodonium salt (CDFI). CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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6
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Zhang H, Guo Q, Cheng H, Ran C, Wu D, Lan J. An umpolung strategy for rapid access to thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials based on phenazine. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:1581-1584. [PMID: 35018392 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc06705b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Herein, Ag(I)-promoted regioselective intramolecular radical nucleophilic addition/rearrangement of 2-aryl diazaboroles has been accomplished for the first time to construct phenazine structures. This protocol is an umpolung strategy based on the classical electrophilic mechanism, and therefore, a reversed regioselectivity was observed, which provides an opportunity to prepare sterically hindered phenazines. The resulting thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials based on phenazine exhibit emission bands from green to red with high quantum yields and moderate fluorescence lifetimes as solid films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaxing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China.
| | - Qiang Guo
- College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chengdu University of Information Technology, 24 Xuefu Road, Chengdu 610225, P. R. China
| | - Hu Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China.
| | - Chunhao Ran
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China.
| | - Di Wu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China.
| | - Jingbo Lan
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China.
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7
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Wu Y, Wu C, Wang F, Chen C. Cu-catalyzed [2 + 2 + 1] cascade annulation of vinyl iodonium salts with elemental sulfur/selenium for the modular synthesis of thiophenes and selenophenes. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj05433c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The Cu-catalyzed [2 + 2 + 1] regioselective synthesis of thiophenes/selenophenes was realized from aryl-vinyl iodonium salts and elemental sulfur/selenium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxing Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Chao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University & International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen, 529020, China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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8
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The silver-mediated annulation of arylcarbamic acids and nitrosoarenes toward phenazines. Tetrahedron Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2021.153550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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9
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Kikushima K, Elboray EE, Jimenez-Halla JOC, Solorio-Alvarado CR, Dohi T. Diaryliodonium(III) Salts in One-Pot Double Functionalization of C–IIII and ortho C–H Bonds. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:3231-3248. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ob02501e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Since the 1950s, diaryliodonium(III) salts have been demonstrated to participate in various arylation reactions, forming aryl–heteroatom and aryl–carbon bonds. Incorporating the arylation step into sequential transformations would provide access to...
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10
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Taheri S, Mollabagher H, Seyed Mousavi SAH. Metal Organic Framework Cu-BDC as an Efficient and Reusable Catalyst for One-Pot Synthesis of Benzophenazine Derivatives. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2021.1984951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Salman Taheri
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hoda Mollabagher
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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11
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Wang C, Chen F, Qian P, Cheng J. Recent advances in the Rh-catalyzed cascade arene C-H bond activation/annulation toward diverse heterocyclic compounds. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:1705-1721. [PMID: 33537690 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob02377a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The Rh-catalyzed C-H bond activation/annulation provides a new strategy for the synthesis of new frameworks. In this review, we summarize the recent research on the Rh-catalyzed cascade arene C-H bond activation/annulation toward diverse heterocyclic compounds. The application, scope, limitations and mechanism of these transformations are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Wang
- Institute of New Materials & Industry Technology, College of Chemistry & Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, P. R. China.
| | - Fan Chen
- Institute of New Materials & Industry Technology, College of Chemistry & Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, P. R. China.
| | - Pengcheng Qian
- Institute of New Materials & Industry Technology, College of Chemistry & Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, P. R. China.
| | - Jiang Cheng
- Institute of New Materials & Industry Technology, College of Chemistry & Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, P. R. China.
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12
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DFT and MD simulations and molecular docking of co-crystals of octafluoro-1,4-diiodobutane with phenazine and acridine. Struct Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-020-01616-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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13
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Chen XJ, Gui QW, Yi R, Yu X, Wu ZL, Huang Y, Cao Z, He WM. Copper(i)-catalyzed intermolecular cyanoarylation of alkenes: convenient access to α-alkylated arylacetonitriles. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:5234-5237. [PMID: 32602499 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01055c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel Cu(i)-catalyzed intermolecular cyanoarylation of alkenes with diaryliodonium salts as a radical arylating reagent and tetra-butylammonium cyanide as an electrophilic cyanating reagent was established. A broad range of α-alkylated arylacetonitriles were efficiently constructed in good to excellent yields under base- and oxidant-free and mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Jie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China.
| | - Qing-Wen Gui
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Protection for Electric Power and Transportation, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, 410114, China.
| | - Rongnan Yi
- Department of Chemistry, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Xianyong Yu
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China.
| | - Zhi-Lin Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Protection for Electric Power and Transportation, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, 410114, China.
| | - Zhong Cao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Protection for Electric Power and Transportation, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, 410114, China.
| | - Wei-Min He
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Protection for Electric Power and Transportation, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, 410114, China.
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14
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Chen H, Wang L, Han J. Aryl radical-induced desulfonylative ipso-substitution of diaryliodonium salts: an efficient route to sterically hindered biarylamines. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:5697-5700. [PMID: 32319473 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc01766c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
By using vicinal aryl sulfonamide substituted diaryliodonium salts, a cascade of desulfonylation/aryl migration was promoted by triethylamine in the synthesis of sterically hindered biarylamines, which operated via a radical-induced reaction pathway. The products were readily converted into a variety of important synthons. Furthermore, coupling reactions of N-methyl biarylamine and 1,6-dibromopyrene provided a potentially attractive molecule in OLEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huangguan Chen
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Limin Wang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Jianwei Han
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
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15
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Diaryliodoniums Salts as Coupling Partners for Transition-Metal Catalyzed C- and N-Arylation of Heteroarenes. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10050483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Owing to the pioneering works performed on the metal-catalyzed sp2 C–H arylation of indole and pyrrole by Sanford and Gaunt, N– and C-arylation involving diaryliodonium salts offers an attractive complementary strategy for the late-stage diversification of heteroarenes. The main feature of this expanding methodology is the selective incorporation of structural diversity into complex molecules which usually have several C–H bonds and/or N–H bonds with high tolerance to functional groups and under mild conditions. This review summarizes the main recent achievements reported in transition-metal-catalyzed N– and/or C–H arylation of heteroarenes using acyclic diaryliodonium salts as coupling partners.
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16
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Lin JJ, Zhou J, Wu P, Chen C. CuO-Catalyzed 1,3-Addition of Diaryliodonium Triflates to Diazo Esters for the Stereoselective Synthesis of Triflate-Substituted β-Aryloxyl Acrylates. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Jia Lin
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education); Department of Chemistry; The Graduate School at Shenzhen; Tsinghua University; 100084 Beijing China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Environmental Engineering; International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen); Wuyi University; 529000 Jiangmen China
| | - Panpan Wu
- Environmental Engineering; International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen); Wuyi University; 529000 Jiangmen China
| | - Chao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education); Department of Chemistry; The Graduate School at Shenzhen; Tsinghua University; 100084 Beijing China
- Environmental Engineering; International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen); Wuyi University; 529000 Jiangmen China
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17
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Xu W, Chen Y, Wang A, Liu Y. Benzofurazan N-Oxides as Mild Reagents for the Generation of α-Imino Gold Carbenes: Synthesis of Functionalized 7-Nitroindoles. Org Lett 2019; 21:7613-7618. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yulong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ali Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
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18
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Kotov AD, Proskurina IK. Anthranils (2,1-benzisoxazoles) as aminating agents (microreview). Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-019-02523-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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19
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Koseki D, Aoto E, Shoji T, Watanabe K, In Y, Kita Y, Dohi T. Efficient N-arylation of azole compounds utilizing selective aryl-transfer TMP-iodonium(III) reagents. Tetrahedron Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2019.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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20
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Xiao Y, Wu X, Wang H, Sun S, Yu JT, Cheng J. Rhodium-Catalyzed Reaction of Azobenzenes and Nitrosoarenes toward Phenazines. Org Lett 2019; 21:2565-2568. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b00502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xiao
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, P.R. China
| | - Xiaopeng Wu
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, P.R. China
| | - Hepan Wang
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, P.R. China
| | - Song Sun
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Tao Yu
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, P.R. China
| | - Jiang Cheng
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, P.R. China
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21
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Zhu JS, Li CJ, Tsui KY, Kraemer N, Son JH, Haddadin MJ, Tantillo DJ, Kurth MJ. Accessing Multiple Classes of 2 H-Indazoles: Mechanistic Implications for the Cadogan and Davis-Beirut Reactions. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:6247-6253. [PMID: 30912441 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b13481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The Cadogan cyclization is a robust but harsh method for the synthesis of 2 H-indazoles, a valuable class of nitrogen heterocycles. Although nitrene generation by exhaustive deoxygenation is widely accepted as the operating mechanism in the reductive cyclization of nitroaromatics, non-nitrene pathways have only been theorized previously. Here, 2 H-indazole N-oxides were synthesized through an interrupted Cadogan/Davis-Beirut reaction and are presented as direct evidence of competent oxygenated intermediates; mechanistic implications for both reactions are discussed. Isolation and characterization of these N-oxides enabled a formal Cadogan cyclization at room temperature for 2 H-indazole synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie S Zhu
- Department of Chemistry , University of California Davis , 1 Shields Avenue , Davis , California 95616 , United States
| | - Clarabella J Li
- Department of Chemistry , University of California Davis , 1 Shields Avenue , Davis , California 95616 , United States
| | - Ka Yi Tsui
- Department of Chemistry , University of California Davis , 1 Shields Avenue , Davis , California 95616 , United States
| | - Niklas Kraemer
- Department of Chemistry , University of California Davis , 1 Shields Avenue , Davis , California 95616 , United States
| | - Jung-Ho Son
- Department of Chemistry , University of California Davis , 1 Shields Avenue , Davis , California 95616 , United States
| | - Makhluf J Haddadin
- Department of Chemistry , American University of Beirut , Beirut 1107 2020 , Lebanon
| | - Dean J Tantillo
- Department of Chemistry , University of California Davis , 1 Shields Avenue , Davis , California 95616 , United States
| | - Mark J Kurth
- Department of Chemistry , University of California Davis , 1 Shields Avenue , Davis , California 95616 , United States
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22
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Lee SH, Matula AJ, Hu G, Troiano JL, Karpovich CJ, Crabtree RH, Batista VS, Brudvig GW. Strongly Coupled Phenazine-Porphyrin Dyads: Light-Harvesting Molecular Assemblies with Broad Absorption Coverage. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:8000-8008. [PMID: 30698407 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b20996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The development of light-harvesting architectures with broad absorption coverage in the visible region continues to be an important research area in the field of artificial photosynthesis. Here, we introduce a new class of ethynyl-linked panchromatic dyads composed of dibenzophenazines coupled ortho and meta to tetrapyrroles with an anchoring group that can be grafted onto metal oxide surfaces. Quantum chemical calculations and photophysical measurements of the synthesized materials reveal that both of the dibenzophenazine dyads absorb broadly from 300 to 636 nm and exhibit absorption bands different from those of the constituent chromophore units. Moreover, the different points of attachment of dibenzophenazines to tetrapyrroles give different absorption profiles which computations suggest result from differences in the planarity of the two dyads. Applicability of the dyads in artificial photosynthesis systems was assessed by their incorporation and characterization of their performance in dye-sensitized solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Hee Lee
- Department of Chemistry, and Yale Energy Sciences Institute , Yale University , New Haven , Connecticut 06520-8107 , United States
| | - Adam J Matula
- Department of Chemistry, and Yale Energy Sciences Institute , Yale University , New Haven , Connecticut 06520-8107 , United States
| | - Gongfang Hu
- Department of Chemistry, and Yale Energy Sciences Institute , Yale University , New Haven , Connecticut 06520-8107 , United States
| | - Jennifer L Troiano
- Department of Chemistry, and Yale Energy Sciences Institute , Yale University , New Haven , Connecticut 06520-8107 , United States
| | - Christopher J Karpovich
- Department of Chemistry, and Yale Energy Sciences Institute , Yale University , New Haven , Connecticut 06520-8107 , United States
| | - Robert H Crabtree
- Department of Chemistry, and Yale Energy Sciences Institute , Yale University , New Haven , Connecticut 06520-8107 , United States
| | - Victor S Batista
- Department of Chemistry, and Yale Energy Sciences Institute , Yale University , New Haven , Connecticut 06520-8107 , United States
| | - Gary W Brudvig
- Department of Chemistry, and Yale Energy Sciences Institute , Yale University , New Haven , Connecticut 06520-8107 , United States
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