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Zhang L, Chen S, Jiang J, Dong X, Cai Y, Zhang HJ, Lin J, Jiang YB. C- and S-Shaped Perylene Diimide Heterohelicenes: Modular Synthesis and Spiral-Stair-Like π-Stacking. Org Lett 2022; 24:3179-3183. [PMID: 35475653 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c00928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A number of C- and S-shaped perylene diimide (PDI) heterohelicenes with high dipole moments were synthesized from simple perylene tetrabutylester (PTE). Taking advantage of the weak coordination ability of the sterically crowded peri ester groups in PTE, efficient Rh(III)-catalyzed 2,8- and 2,11-bisiodinations of the perylene core were realized. The 2,8- and 2,11-diiodinated PTEs and PDIs represent key synthons for further ortho-π-extensions. In contrast to most helical π-skeletons that feature loose molecular packings, enantiomerically pure C-shaped PDI azahelicenes adopt unique spiral-stair-like π-stacking superstructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, P. R. China
| | - Shuqi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, P. R. China
| | - Jianbao Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, P. R. China
| | - Xue Dong
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, P. R. China
| | - Yapeng Cai
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, P. R. China
| | - Hui-Jun Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, P. R. China
| | - Jianbin Lin
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, P. R. China
| | - Yun-Bao Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, P. R. China
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2
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Borissov A, Maurya YK, Moshniaha L, Wong WS, Żyła-Karwowska M, Stępień M. Recent Advances in Heterocyclic Nanographenes and Other Polycyclic Heteroaromatic Compounds. Chem Rev 2022; 122:565-788. [PMID: 34850633 PMCID: PMC8759089 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 107.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This review surveys recent progress in the chemistry of polycyclic heteroaromatic molecules with a focus on structural diversity and synthetic methodology. The article covers literature published during the period of 2016-2020, providing an update to our first review of this topic (Chem. Rev. 2017, 117 (4), 3479-3716).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Marcin Stępień
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet
Wrocławski, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
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3
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He Y, Mao C, Duan M, Fan L, Wang X, Cai Y, Du M, Hu M, Hu P, Cheng Q, Hu X. Rescuing the solid-state fluorescence of perylene diimide dyes by host–guest isolation. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo01358d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A host molecule with an open and flexible backbone was synthesized and is capable of recognizing various perylene diimide dyes. The host exhibits unique universality in improving the solid-state fluorescence of perylene diimide dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfeng He
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, P. R. China
| | - Caihong Mao
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, P. R. China
| | - Mingwan Duan
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, P. R. China
| | - Linmeng Fan
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohan Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, P. R. China
| | - Yan Cai
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, P. R. China
| | - Min Du
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, P. R. China
| | - Minli Hu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, P. R. China
| | - Ping Hu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, P. R. China
| | - Qiuyu Cheng
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, P. R. China
| | - Xiaobo Hu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, P. R. China
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4
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Ran H, Li F, Zheng R, Ni W, Lei Z, Xie F, Duan X, Han R, Pan N, Hu JY. Dithienocoronene diimide (DTCDI)-derived triads for high-performance air-stable, solution-processed balanced ambipolar organic field-effect transistors. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:16357-16365. [PMID: 34318838 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp02703d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Developing ambipolar organic semiconducting materials is essential for use in complementary-like inverters and light-emitting transistors. In this study, three new dithienocoronenediimide (DTCDI)-derived triads, DTCDI-BT, DTCDI-BBT and DTCDI-BNT, were designed and synthesized, in which various sizes of terminal groups, i.e., thiophene (T), benzo[b]thiophene (BT) and naphtha[2,3-b]thiophene (NT) were substituted at the α-positions of the two thiophene rings of DTCDI, respectively. The DFT calculations reveal that the HOMO energy levels of the three triads when compared to that of the parent DTCDI-core (-5.99 eV) are significantly increased to -5.59, -5.59 and -5.45 eV for DTCDI-BT, DTCDI-BBT and DTCDI-BNT, respectively, whereas the LUMO energy levels (-3.07 eV ∼ -3.14 eV) are almost identical with that of the DTCDI-core (-3.10 eV). The results predict that the triads could possess ambipolar transport properties in organic field-effect transistor (OFET) applications. In fact, under an ambient atmosphere, solution-processed bottom-gate top-contact (BGTC) transistors exhibit ambipolar charge transport properties by tuning the HOMOs of the DTCDI-based triads so that they were suitable for hole injection, resulting in balanced maximum electron and hole mobilities of 1.66 × 10-3 and 1.02 × 10-3 cm2 V-1 s-1 for DTCDI-BT, 2.60 × 10-2 and 3.60 × 10-2 cm2 V-1 s-1 for DTCDI-BBT, and 2.43 × 10-3 and 4.15 × 10-3 cm2 V-1 s-1 for DTCDI-BNT, respectively. This is the first time that the DTCDI building block has been used to develop ambipolar small molecular semiconductors, and achieved a device performance comparable to that of the DTCDI-based polymeric semiconductors. In addition, DTCDI-BBT-based complementary-like inverters were made, and the inverter devices operated well in both p-mode and n-mode under ambient conditions. The results show that the DTCDI is a promising π-electron-deficient building block which could be further used to develop ambipolar semiconducting materials for OFET devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Ran
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, National Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xian 710119, China.
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5
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Su F, Chen S, Mo X, Wu K, Wu J, Lin W, Lin Z, Lin J, Zhang HJ, Wen TB. Trisulfur radical anion-triggered stitching thienannulation: rapid access to largely π-extended thienoacenes. Chem Sci 2019; 11:1503-1509. [PMID: 34084379 PMCID: PMC8148024 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc05332h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Largely π-extended rylene diimide-fused thienoacenes, a new family of fully fused electron donor-acceptor (D-A) molecules, have been readily synthesized by a novel trisulfur radical anion (S3˙-)-triggered stitching thienannulation strategy. The ladder-type fused thiophene cores are constructed in a stitching manner through multiple carbon-sulfur bond formation between acetylenic rylene dyes and S3˙-. A detailed mechanistic study of these stitching thienannulations unveiled the multiple reactivities of S3˙-. Physical properties of the newly formed D-A, A-D-A, and D-A-D type thienoacenes have also been investigated, which revealed their precisely controllable electronic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Su
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 Fujian P. R. China
| | - Shuqi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 Fujian P. R. China
| | - Xiaogang Mo
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 Fujian P. R. China
| | - Kongchuan Wu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 Fujian P. R. China
| | - Jiajun Wu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 Fujian P. R. China
| | - Weidong Lin
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 Fujian P. R. China
| | - Zhiwei Lin
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 Fujian P. R. China
| | - Jianbin Lin
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 Fujian P. R. China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Hui-Jun Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 Fujian P. R. China
| | - Ting-Bin Wen
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 Fujian P. R. China
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6
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Luo H, He D, Zhang Y, Wang S, Gao H, Yan J, Cao Y, Cai Z, Tan L, Wu S, Wang L, Liu Z. Synthesis of Heterocyclic Core-Expanded Bis-Naphthalene Tetracarboxylic Diimides. Org Lett 2019; 21:9734-9737. [PMID: 31747296 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b03891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A highly reactive bis-naphthalene tetracarboxylic diimide (bis-NDI) intermediate, TBrDNDI, was designed and synthesized for core-expanded NDIs. Based on this intermediate, we achieved 9- and 11-membered core-expanded bis-NDI derivatives. Through expanding the NDI core and introducing electron-donor or electron-acceptor groups, the frontier energy orbitals, optical and electrical properties of these bis-NDIs can be finely tuned to obtain air-stable ambipolar or n-type materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hewei Luo
- School of Material and Chemical Engineering , Zhengzhou University of Light Industry , Zhengzhou 450002 , China
| | - Dongdong He
- School of Material and Chemical Engineering , Zhengzhou University of Light Industry , Zhengzhou 450002 , China
| | - Yong Zhang
- School of Material and Chemical Engineering , Zhengzhou University of Light Industry , Zhengzhou 450002 , China
| | - Shiwen Wang
- School of Material and Chemical Engineering , Zhengzhou University of Light Industry , Zhengzhou 450002 , China
| | - Haili Gao
- School of Material and Chemical Engineering , Zhengzhou University of Light Industry , Zhengzhou 450002 , China
| | - Ji Yan
- School of Material and Chemical Engineering , Zhengzhou University of Light Industry , Zhengzhou 450002 , China
| | - Yang Cao
- School of Material and Chemical Engineering , Zhengzhou University of Light Industry , Zhengzhou 450002 , China
| | - Zhengxu Cai
- School of Material Science and Engineering , Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing 100081 , China
| | - Luxi Tan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Chongqing University , Chongqing 400044 , China
| | - Shide Wu
- School of Material and Chemical Engineering , Zhengzhou University of Light Industry , Zhengzhou 450002 , China
| | - Lizhen Wang
- School of Material and Chemical Engineering , Zhengzhou University of Light Industry , Zhengzhou 450002 , China
| | - Zitong Liu
- Beijing National Laboratories for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratories of Organic Solids , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
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7
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Cui X, Xiao C, Jiang W, Wang Z. Alternating Tetrafluorobenzene and Thiophene Units by Direct Arylation for Organic Electronics. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:1443-1447. [PMID: 30864278 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201900163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Direct arylation represents an attractive alternative to the conventional cross-coupling methods because of its step-economic and eco-friendly advantages. A set of simple D-A oligomeric molecules (F-3, F-5, and F-7) by integrating thiophene (T) and tetrafluorobenzene (F4B) as alternating units through a direct arylation strategy is presented to obtain high-performance charge-transporting materials. Single-crystal analysis revealed their herringbone packing arrangements driven by intensive C-H⋅⋅⋅π interactions. An excellent hole-transporting efficiency based on single-crystalline micro-plates/ribbons was witnessed, and larger π-conjugation and D-A constitution gave higher mobilities. Consequently, an average mobility of 1.31 cm2 V-1 s-1 and a maximum mobility of 2.44 cm2 V-1 s-1 for F-7 were achieved, providing an effective way to obtain high-performance materials by designing simple D-A oligomeric systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Cui
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.,Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Chengyi Xiao
- College of Energy, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhaohui Wang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.,Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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