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Macleod CI, Keramidas OD, Miras HN, Sproules S. Electronic and Molecular Structures of a Series of Nickel Bis-1,1-Dithiolates. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202401710. [PMID: 38845405 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
A series of homoleptic Ni bis-1,1-dithiolates, [Ni(S2C2RR')2]2- (R=CN, R'=CN, CO2Et, CONH2, Ph, Ph-4-Cl, Ph-4-OMe, Ph-4-NO2, Ph-3-CF3, Ph-4-CF3, Ph-4-CN; R=NO2, R'=H; R=R'=CO2Et) have been synthesized from the reaction of the alkali metal salt of the ligand and nickel chloride, and isolated as tetraphenylphosphonium or tetrabutylammonium salts. The complexes were characterized by X-ray crystallography, high-resolution mass spectrometry, and infrared (IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and electronic absorption spectroscopies. The molecular structures show a rigidly square planar Ni(II) center linking two four-membered chelate rings whose dimensions are constant across the series. The electronic effect of the ligand substituent is revealed in the 13C NMR and electronic spectra, and corroborated by density functional calculations. Electron withdrawing groups deshield the low-field CS2 resonance, and the signature charge transfer band in the visible region is red-shifted. These observables have been accurately reproduced computationally, and revealed the Ni contribution to the ground state diminishes with decreasing electron withdrawing capacity of the ligand substituent. In contrast to 1,2-dithiolates, the redox inactivity afforded by 1,1-dithiolates stems from the smaller chelate ring and substantially reduced sulfur content that is key to stabilizing the radical form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cailean I Macleod
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | | | - Haralampos N Miras
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Sproules
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
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Lu MZ, Goh J, Maraswami M, Jia Z, Tian JS, Loh TP. Recent Advances in Alkenyl sp 2 C-H and C-F Bond Functionalizations: Scope, Mechanism, and Applications. Chem Rev 2022; 122:17479-17646. [PMID: 36240299 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Alkenes and their derivatives are featured widely in a variety of natural products, pharmaceuticals, and advanced materials. Significant efforts have been made toward the development of new and practical methods to access this important class of compounds by selectively activating the alkenyl C(sp2)-H bonds in recent years. In this comprehensive review, we describe the state-of-the-art strategies for the direct functionalization of alkenyl sp2 C-H and C-F bonds until June 2022. Moreover, metal-free, photoredox, and electrochemical strategies are also covered. For clarity, this review has been divided into two parts; the first part focuses on currently available alkenyl sp2 C-H functionalization methods using different alkene derivatives as the starting materials, and the second part describes the alkenyl sp2 C-F bond functionalization using easily accessible gem-difluoroalkenes as the starting material. This review includes the scope, limitations, mechanistic studies, stereoselective control (using directing groups as well as metal-migration strategies), and their applications to complex molecule synthesis where appropriate. Overall, this comprehensive review aims to document the considerable advancements, current status, and emerging work by critically summarizing the contributions of researchers working in this fascinating area and is expected to stimulate novel, innovative, and broadly applicable strategies for alkenyl sp2 C-H and C-F bond functionalizations in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Zhu Lu
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China.,School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Jeffrey Goh
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Manikantha Maraswami
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Zhenhua Jia
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Jie-Sheng Tian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Teck-Peng Loh
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China.,School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore.,Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
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Xu Y, Yu C, Zhang X, Fan X. Synthesis of Indolyl-Tethered Spiro[cyclobutane-1,1'-indenes] through Cascade Reactions of 1-(Pyridin-2-yl)-1 H-indoles with Alkynyl Cyclobutanols. Org Lett 2021; 23:8510-8515. [PMID: 34652921 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c03200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Presented herein is an efficient and unprecedented synthesis of indolyl-tethered spiro[cyclobutane-1,1'-indenes] through the cascade reaction of 1-(pyridin-2-yl)-1H-indoles with alkynyl cyclobutanols. Mechanistic experiments implicate a sequential process in which 1-(pyridin-2-yl)-1H-indole first undergoes an alkenylation with alkynyl cyclobutanol followed by an intramolecular Friedel-Crafts reaction to give the title products. The utility of this novel protocol was reflected by the ample substrate scope, high chemo- and regioselectivity, removable directing group, and scalable preparation. In addition, the product thus obtained can be further derivatized quite efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanshuang Xu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Caiyun Yu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Xinying Zhang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Xuesen Fan
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
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Xue J, Bai LG, Zhang L, Zhou Y, Lin XL, Mou NJ, Xiao DR, Luo QL. One-Pot Synthesis of 2,4-Diacyl Thiophenes from α-Oxo Ketene Dithioacetals and Propargylic Alcohols. J Org Chem 2020; 85:9761-9775. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Xue
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Li-Gang Bai
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xiao-Long Lin
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Neng-Jie Mou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Dong-Rong Xiao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Qun-Li Luo
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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Zhang T, Luan YX, Zheng SJ, Peng Q, Ye M. Chiral Aluminum Complex Controls Enantioselective Nickel-Catalyzed Synthesis of Indenes: C-CN Bond Activation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:7439-7443. [PMID: 32067290 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202001142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A chiral aluminum complex controlled, enantioselective nickel-catalyzed domino reaction of aryl nitriles and alkynes proceeding by C-CN bond activation was developed. The reaction provides various indenes, bearing chiral all-carbon quaternary centers, under mild reaction conditions in yields of 32 to 91 % and ee values within the 73-98 % range. The reaction mechanism and aspects of stereocontrol were investigated by DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yu-Xin Luan
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Su-Juan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Qian Peng
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Mengchun Ye
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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Zhang T, Luan Y, Zheng S, Peng Q, Ye M. Chiral Aluminum Complex Controls Enantioselective Nickel‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Indenes: C−CN Bond Activation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202001142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic ChemistryCollege of ChemistryNankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Yu‐Xin Luan
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic ChemistryCollege of ChemistryNankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Su‐Juan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic ChemistryCollege of ChemistryNankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Qian Peng
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic ChemistryCollege of ChemistryNankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Mengchun Ye
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic ChemistryCollege of ChemistryNankai University Tianjin 300071 China
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Xu Q, Zheng B, Zhou X, Pan L, Liu Q, Li Y. Photoinduced C(sp 2)-H/C(sp 2)-H Cross-Coupling of Alkenes: Direct Synthesis of 1,3-Dienes. Org Lett 2020; 22:1692-1697. [PMID: 31944775 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b04201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A highly concise route to substituted 1,3-dienes from vinylarenes and ketene dithioacetals under photoinduced cross-coupling reaction is described. The reaction proceeded in a highly regio- and stereoselective manner and showed broad functional group tolerance. More than 35 substituted 1,3-dienes were synthesized with good to excellent yields through the construction of the Csp2-Csp2 bond without using noble metal and external oxidants, and natural sunlight could also induce the reaction to afford gram-scale synthesis under ambient conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Xu
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Baihui Zheng
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Zhou
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Ling Pan
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Qun Liu
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Yifei Li
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
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Zhou Y, Lou Y, Wang Y, Song Q. Oxidant-controlled divergent transformations of 3-aminoindazoles for the synthesis of pyrimido[1,2-b]-indazoles and aromatic nitrile-derived dithioacetals. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo00847k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
An oxidant-controlled divergent reactivity of 3-aminoindazoles is presented, which enables the [3 + 3] annulation and C–H arylation of ketene dithioacetals in disparate pathways to assemble pyrimido[1,2-b]-indazoles and aromatic nitrile-derived dithioacetals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zhou
- Institute of Next Generation Matter Transformation
- College of Chemical Engineering at Huaqiao University
- Xiamen
- PR China
| | - Yixian Lou
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou
- 310000 PR China
| | - Ya Wang
- Institute of Next Generation Matter Transformation
- College of Chemical Engineering at Huaqiao University
- Xiamen
- PR China
| | - Qiuling Song
- Institute of Next Generation Matter Transformation
- College of Chemical Engineering at Huaqiao University
- Xiamen
- PR China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals
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Hu J, Fei Y, Zhao H, Wang Z, Li C, Li J. Cascade cyclization and acyl migration of propargylic esters with isocyanides: rapid access to substituted furans. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:8394-8397. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc03550h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A novel rearrangement of ester-activated propargylic acetate with isocyanide has been disclosed. This protocol enables a quick synthesis of polysubstituted furan derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Hu
- Department of Chemistry
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis
- College of Sciences & Institute for Sustainable Energy
- Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200444
| | - Youwen Fei
- Department of Chemistry
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis
- College of Sciences & Institute for Sustainable Energy
- Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200444
| | - Hongbin Zhao
- Department of Chemistry
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis
- College of Sciences & Institute for Sustainable Energy
- Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200444
| | - Zhishuang Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis
- College of Sciences & Institute for Sustainable Energy
- Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200444
| | - Chunju Li
- Key Laboratory of Inorganic–Organic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry
- Ministry of Education
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules
- College of Chemistry
- Tianjin Normal University
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Chemistry
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis
- College of Sciences & Institute for Sustainable Energy
- Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200444
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