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Huang L, Wang Q, Fu P, Sun Y, Xu J, Browne DL, Huang J. Extended Quinolizinium-Fused Corannulene Derivatives: Synthesis and Properties. JACS AU 2024; 4:1623-1631. [PMID: 38665663 PMCID: PMC11040561 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.4c00105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Reported here is the design and synthesis of a novel class of extended quinolizinium-fused corannulene derivatives with curved geometry. These intriguing molecules were synthesized through a rationally designed synthetic strategy, utilizing double Skraup-Doebner-Von Miller quinoline synthesis and a rhodium-catalyzed C-H activation/annulation (CHAA) as the key steps. Single-crystal X-ray analysis revealed a bowl depth of 1.28-1.50 Å and a unique "windmill-like" shape packing of 12a(2PF6-) due to the curvature and incorporation of two aminium ions. All of the newly reported curved salts exhibit green to orange fluorescence with enhanced quantum yields (Φf = 9-13%) and improved dispersibility compared to the pristine corannulene (Φf = 1%). The reduced optical energy gap and lower energy frontier orbital found by doping extended corannulene systems with nitrogen cations was investigated by UV-vis, fluorescence, and theoretical calculations. Electrochemical measurements reveal a greater electron-accepting behavior compared with that of their pyridine analogues. The successful synthesis, isolation, and evaluation of these curved salts provide a fresh perspective and opportunity for the design of cationic nitrogen-doped curved aromatic hydrocarbon-based materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Huang
- School
of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
- Tianjin
Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School
of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Qing Wang
- School
of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
- National
Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, No. 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science
Park, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Peng Fu
- School
of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
- Tianjin
Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School
of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Yuzhu Sun
- School
of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
- Tianjin
Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School
of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Jun Xu
- School
of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Duncan L. Browne
- Department
of Pharmaceutical and Biological Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University College London (UCL), 29-39 Brunswick Square, Bloomsbury, London WC1N
1AX, U.K.
| | - Jianhui Huang
- School
of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
- Tianjin
Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School
of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
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2
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Borissov A, Maurya YK, Moshniaha L, Wong WS, Żyła-Karwowska M, Stępień M. Recent Advances in Heterocyclic Nanographenes and Other Polycyclic Heteroaromatic Compounds. Chem Rev 2022; 122:565-788. [PMID: 34850633 PMCID: PMC8759089 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 104.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This review surveys recent progress in the chemistry of polycyclic heteroaromatic molecules with a focus on structural diversity and synthetic methodology. The article covers literature published during the period of 2016-2020, providing an update to our first review of this topic (Chem. Rev. 2017, 117 (4), 3479-3716).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Marcin Stępień
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet
Wrocławski, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
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3
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Tanaka T, Kise K. Non-Planar Polycyclic Aromatic Molecules Including Heterole Units. HETEROCYCLES 2022. [DOI: 10.3987/rev-22-982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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4
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S. Siegel J, K. Baldridge K, Li A, Xu J. N-Heterocyclic Analogs of Indenocorannulene. HETEROCYCLES 2022. [DOI: 10.3987/com-22-s(r)19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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5
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Leith GA, Shustova NB. Graphitic supramolecular architectures based on corannulene, fullerene, and beyond. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:10125-10138. [PMID: 34523630 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc02896k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In this Feature Article, we survey the advances made in the field of fulleretic materials over the last five years. Merging the intriguing characteristics of fulleretic molecules with hierarchical materials can lead to enhanced properties of the latter for applications in optoelectronic, biomaterial, and heterogeneous catalysis sectors. As there has been significant growth in the development of fullerene- and corannulene-containing materials, this article will focus on studies performed during the last five years exclusively, and highlight the recent trends in designing fulleretic compounds and understanding their properties, that has enriched the repertoire of carbon-rich functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle A Leith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, 29208, USA.
| | - Natalia B Shustova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, 29208, USA.
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6
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Tian X, Chaiworn S, Xu J, Vanthuyne N, Baldridge KK, Siegel JS. Thiophene fused indenocorannulenes: synthesis, variable emission, and exceptional chiral configurational stability. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00596k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Graph theory and isosteric replacement leads to the design and synthesis of (chiral) thiophene-fused indenocorannulenes with exceptional configurational stability and possible use as chiral catalysts, chiroptical materials, and sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqi Tian
- Health Science Platform
- Tianjin University
- Nankai District
- China
| | | | - Jun Xu
- Health Science Platform
- Tianjin University
- Nankai District
- China
| | | | | | - Jay S. Siegel
- Health Science Platform
- Tianjin University
- Nankai District
- China
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7
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Solel E, Pappo D, Reany O, Mejuch T, Gershoni-Poranne R, Botoshansky M, Stanger A, Keinan E. Flat corannulene: when a transition state becomes a stable molecule. Chem Sci 2020; 11:13015-13025. [PMID: 34094486 PMCID: PMC8163244 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc04566g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Flat corannulene has been considered so far only as a transition state of the bowl-to-bowl inversion process. This study was driven by the prediction that substituents with strong steric repulsion could destabilize the bowl-shaped conformation of this molecule to such an extent that the highly unstable planar geometry would become an isolable molecule. To examine the substituents' effect on the corannulene bowl depth, optimized structures for the highly-congested decakis(t-butylsulfido)corannulene were calculated. The computations, performed with both the M06-2X/def2-TZVP and the B3LYP/def2-TZVP methods (the latter with and without Grimme's D3 dispersion correction), predict that this molecule can achieve two minimum structures: a flat carbon framework and a bowl-shaped structure, which are very close in energy. This rather unusual compound was easily synthesized from decachlorocorannulene under mild reaction conditions, and X-ray crystallographic studies gave similar results to the theoretical predictions. This compound crystallized in two different polymorphs, one exhibiting a completely flat corannulene core and the other having a bowl-shaped conformation. The first flat metal-free corannulene derivative was predicted by computations and achieved by synthesis.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ephrath Solel
- The Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology Technion City Haifa 3200001 Israel
| | - Doron Pappo
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Beer-Sheva 84105 Israel
| | - Ofer Reany
- Avinoam Adam Department of Natural Sciences, The Open University of Israel 1 University Road, P.O. Box 808 Ra'anana 4353701 Israel
| | - Tom Mejuch
- The Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology Technion City Haifa 3200001 Israel
| | - Renana Gershoni-Poranne
- The Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology Technion City Haifa 3200001 Israel
| | - Mark Botoshansky
- The Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology Technion City Haifa 3200001 Israel
| | - Amnon Stanger
- The Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology Technion City Haifa 3200001 Israel
| | - Ehud Keinan
- The Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology Technion City Haifa 3200001 Israel
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Kirschbaum T, Rominger F, Mastalerz M. An Isosteric Triaza Analogue of a Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Monkey Saddle. Chemistry 2020; 26:14560-14564. [PMID: 32539193 PMCID: PMC7756504 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Since a few years, the interest in negatively-curved fused polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has significantly increased. Recently, the first chiral negatively-curved PAH with the topology of a monkey saddle was introduced. Herein the synthesis of its triaza congener is reported. The influence of this CH↔N exchange on photophysical and electrochemical properties is studied as well as the isomerization process of the enantiomers. The aza analogue has a significantly higher inversion barrier, which makes it easier to handle at room temperature. All experimental results are underpinned by theoretical DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Kirschbaum
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Mastalerz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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9
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Chen X, Zhang L, Wang Y, Qiu G, Liang Q, Zhou H. Copper-Catalyzed Tandem Radical Cyclization of 8-Ethynyl-1-naphthyl-amines for the Synthesis of 2 H-Benzo[ e][1,2]thiazine 1,1-Dioxides and its Fluorescence Properties. J Org Chem 2020; 85:12526-12534. [PMID: 32894946 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
A copper-catalyzed radical cascade dehydrogenative cyclization of N-tosyl-8-ethynyl-1-naphthylamines under air is described herein for the synthesis of thioazafluoranthenes. The reaction proceeds smoothly with high efficiency and a broad reaction scope. The product is indeed a new fluorophore and its photophysical properties are also investigated. Based on the results, we are pleased to find that the Stokes shift of amino-linked thioazafluoranthenes in dilute tetrahydrofuran is determined to be 143 nm (4830 cm-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Chen
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lianpeng Zhang
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuzhe Wang
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guanyinsheng Qiu
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qinghui Liang
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongwei Zhou
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, Zhejiang, China
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Fu X, Zhen Y, Ni Z, Li Y, Dong H, Siegel JS, Hu W. One-Pot Domino Carbonylation Protocol for Aromatic Diimides toward n-Type Organic Semiconductors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:14024-14028. [PMID: 32396268 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202003179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Aromatic diimides are one of the most important chromophores in the construction of n-type organic semiconductors, which lag far behind their p-type counterpart but are necessary for ambipolar transistors, p-n junctions and organic complementary circuits. Herein, we establish a facile one-pot domino synthetic protocol for aromatic diimides via palladium-catalyzed carbonylation of tetrabromo aromatic precursors. Taking tetrabromocorannulene (TBrCor) and tetrabromo-2,7-di-tert-butylpyrene (TBrPy) as the typical examples, we obtained diimide derivatives in yields of about 50 %, one order of magnitude higher than that of the traditional multi-step diimidization. As demonstrated in the case of corannulene diimide, the efficient diimidization not only allows the LUMO levels to be lowered significantly but also provides an ordered and closer packing structures, opening up possibilities to the development of n-type semiconducting materials based on a variety of aromatic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Fu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Bejing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yonggang Zhen
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Bejing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Zhenjie Ni
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Bejing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yang Li
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Bejing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Huanli Dong
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Bejing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jay S Siegel
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Wenping Hu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Bejing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing, 100190, China.,Key laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.,Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, China
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11
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Fu X, Zhen Y, Ni Z, Li Y, Dong H, Siegel JS, Hu W. One‐Pot Domino Carbonylation Protocol for Aromatic Diimides toward n‐Type Organic Semiconductors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202003179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Fu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids Bejing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS) Beijing 100190 China
| | - Yonggang Zhen
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids Bejing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS) Beijing 100190 China
| | - Zhenjie Ni
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids Bejing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS) Beijing 100190 China
| | - Yang Li
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids Bejing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS) Beijing 100190 China
| | - Huanli Dong
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids Bejing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS) Beijing 100190 China
| | - Jay S. Siegel
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Tianjin University 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Wenping Hu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids Bejing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS) Beijing 100190 China
- Key laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences School of Science Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University International Campus of Tianjin University Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207 China
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12
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García-Calvo V, Cuevas JV, Barbero H, Ferrero S, Álvarez CM, González JA, Díaz de Greñu B, García-Calvo J, Torroba T. Synthesis of a Tetracorannulene-perylenediimide That Acts as a Selective Receptor for C 60 over C 70. Org Lett 2019; 21:5803-5807. [PMID: 31241968 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b01729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report the use of a tetraborylated perylenediimide as starting material for the preparation of a tetracorannulene-perylenediimide that is able to bind up to two fullerene-C60 molecules by host-guest molecular recognition with preference over C70. Titration with fullerene-C60 is followed by a dramatic shift of the aromatic signals in 1H NMR and an initial increase in the fluorescence of the system. By this simple mechanism, fluorogenic sensing of fullerene-C60 is easily accomplished by an unprecedented fluorescent turn-on mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor García-Calvo
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias , Universidad de Burgos , 09001 Burgos , Spain
| | - José V Cuevas
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias , Universidad de Burgos , 09001 Burgos , Spain
| | - Héctor Barbero
- MIOMeT, CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias , Universidad de Valladolid , E-47011 Valladolid , Spain
| | - Sergio Ferrero
- MIOMeT, CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias , Universidad de Valladolid , E-47011 Valladolid , Spain
| | - Celedonio M Álvarez
- MIOMeT, CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias , Universidad de Valladolid , E-47011 Valladolid , Spain
| | - Jesús A González
- Departamento CITIMAC , Universidad de Cantabria , 39005 Santander , Spain
| | - Borja Díaz de Greñu
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias , Universidad de Burgos , 09001 Burgos , Spain
| | - José García-Calvo
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias , Universidad de Burgos , 09001 Burgos , Spain
| | - Tomás Torroba
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias , Universidad de Burgos , 09001 Burgos , Spain
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