1
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Kowalska J, Łukasik B, Frankowski S, Albrecht Ł. Hydrazone Activation in the Aminocatalytic Cascade Reaction for the Synthesis of Tetrahydroindolizines. Org Lett 2024; 26:814-818. [PMID: 38266767 PMCID: PMC10845150 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
In this Letter, we demonstrate the usefulness of hydrazone activation for the synthesis of biologically relevant tetrahydroindolizines. A pyrrol-derived hydrazone bearing a Michael acceptor moiety in the N-alkyl side chain has been designed with the aim of participating in the aminocatalytic cascade reaction leading to the annulation of the new six-membered heterocyclic scaffold. The application of (S)-(-)-α,α-diphenyl-2-pyrrolidinemethanol trimethylsilyl ether as the aminocatalyst allows for the iminium ion-enamine-mediated cascade to proceed in a fully stereoselective manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Kowalska
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Lodz University of
Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924 Łódź, Poland
| | - Beata Łukasik
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Lodz University of
Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924 Łódź, Poland
| | - Sebastian Frankowski
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Lodz University of
Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924 Łódź, Poland
| | - Łukasz Albrecht
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Lodz University of
Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924 Łódź, Poland
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2
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Ivanova E, Osipova M, Vasilieva T, Eremkin A, Markova S, Zazhivihina E, Smirnova S, Mitrasov Y, Nasakin O. The Recycling of Substandard Rocket Fuel N,N-Dimethylhydrazine via the Involvement of Its Hydrazones Derived from Glyoxal, Acrolein, Metacrolein, Crotonaldehyde, and Formaldehyde in Organic Synthesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17196. [PMID: 38139025 PMCID: PMC10742919 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
"Heptil" (unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine-UDMH) is extensively employed worldwide as a propellant for rocket engines. However, UDMH constantly loses its properties as a result of its continuous and uncontrolled absorption of moisture, which cannot be rectified. This situation threatens its long-term usability. UDMH is an exceedingly toxic compound (Hazard Class 1), which complicates its transportation and disposal. Incineration is currently the only method used for its disposal, but this process generates oxidation by-products that are even more toxic than the original UDMH. A more benign approach involves its immediate reaction with a formalin solution to form 1,1-dimethyl-2-methylene hydrazone (MDH), which is significantly less toxic by an order of magnitude. MDH can then be polymerized under acidic conditions, and the resulting product can be burned, yielding substantial amounts of nitrogen oxides. This review seeks to shift the focus of MDH from incineration towards its application in the synthesis of relatively non-toxic and readily available analogs of various pharmaceutical substances. We aim to bring the attention of the international chemical community to the distinctive properties of MDH, as well as other hydrazones (such as glyoxal, acrolein, crotonal, and meta-crolyl), wherein each structural fragment can initiate unique transformations that have potential applications in molecular design, pharmaceutical research, and medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizaveta Ivanova
- Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Ulyanov Chuvash State University, Moskovsky Prospect, 15, 428015 Cheboksary, Russia; (E.I.); (M.O.); (T.V.); (A.E.); (S.M.); (E.Z.); (S.S.)
| | - Margarita Osipova
- Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Ulyanov Chuvash State University, Moskovsky Prospect, 15, 428015 Cheboksary, Russia; (E.I.); (M.O.); (T.V.); (A.E.); (S.M.); (E.Z.); (S.S.)
| | - Tatyana Vasilieva
- Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Ulyanov Chuvash State University, Moskovsky Prospect, 15, 428015 Cheboksary, Russia; (E.I.); (M.O.); (T.V.); (A.E.); (S.M.); (E.Z.); (S.S.)
| | - Alexey Eremkin
- Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Ulyanov Chuvash State University, Moskovsky Prospect, 15, 428015 Cheboksary, Russia; (E.I.); (M.O.); (T.V.); (A.E.); (S.M.); (E.Z.); (S.S.)
| | - Svetlana Markova
- Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Ulyanov Chuvash State University, Moskovsky Prospect, 15, 428015 Cheboksary, Russia; (E.I.); (M.O.); (T.V.); (A.E.); (S.M.); (E.Z.); (S.S.)
| | - Ekaterina Zazhivihina
- Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Ulyanov Chuvash State University, Moskovsky Prospect, 15, 428015 Cheboksary, Russia; (E.I.); (M.O.); (T.V.); (A.E.); (S.M.); (E.Z.); (S.S.)
| | - Svetlana Smirnova
- Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Ulyanov Chuvash State University, Moskovsky Prospect, 15, 428015 Cheboksary, Russia; (E.I.); (M.O.); (T.V.); (A.E.); (S.M.); (E.Z.); (S.S.)
| | - Yurii Mitrasov
- Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Yakovlev Chuvash State Pedagogical University, K. Marx Street, 38, 428000 Cheboksary, Russia;
| | - Oleg Nasakin
- Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Ulyanov Chuvash State University, Moskovsky Prospect, 15, 428015 Cheboksary, Russia; (E.I.); (M.O.); (T.V.); (A.E.); (S.M.); (E.Z.); (S.S.)
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3
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Takaishi K, Nishimura R, Toda Y, Morishita H, Ema T. One-Pot Synthesis of Dihydropyrans via CO 2 Reduction and Domino Knoevenagel/oxa-Diels-Alder Reactions. Org Lett 2023; 25:1370-1374. [PMID: 36826404 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic CO2 reduction with phenylsilane under solvent-free conditions was linked with the one-pot synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrans from β-dicarbonyl compounds and styrenes. The synthesis includes three processes: (1) bis(silyl)acetal formation from CO2 and phenylsilane and a domino reaction of (2) Knoevenagel condensation and (3) inverse-electron-demand oxa-Diels-Alder reaction. The first process was catalyzed by a pentanuclear ZnII complex (0.07 mol %) to generate bis(silyl)acetals, which were hydrolyzed into formaldehyde to be used in the second step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuto Takaishi
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Tsushima, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Ritsuki Nishimura
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Tsushima, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Yuha Toda
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Tsushima, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Hajime Morishita
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Tsushima, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Tadashi Ema
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Tsushima, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
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4
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Zheng JL, Liu F, Song X, Zhao Z, Du W, Chen YC. Asymmetric Inverse-Electron-Demand Oxa-Diels–Alder Reaction with Morita–Baylis–Hillman Carbonates of 2-Cyclopentenone via a Palladium-Catalyzed Umpolung Strategy. J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Le Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xue Song
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhi Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wei Du
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ying-Chun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Shapingba, Chongqing 400038, China
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5
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Zeng L, Lei Q, Rao W, Gao L. Catalytic Diastereoselective Hetero-Diels-Alder Reaction of α-Haloacroleins with Alkenes: Construction of 3,4-Dihydropyran. Org Lett 2022; 24:2115-2119. [PMID: 35266718 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c00341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this Letter, a catalytic diastereoselective hetero-Diels-Alder reaction of α-haloacroleins with less polarized alkenes was developed, and the resulting 3,4-dihydropyrans were produced in high yields with a broad substate scope. Mechanism studies showed that 3,4-dihydropyran was produced from the ring expansion of cyclobutane, which was generated in the ring contraction of the initially formed unstable 3,4-dihydropyran conformer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zeng
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Advanced Manufacturing, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Qian Lei
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Advanced Manufacturing, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Weidong Rao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomass-Based Green Fuels and Chemicals, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Lizhu Gao
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Advanced Manufacturing, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
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6
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Yuan SP, Dou PH, Jia YQ, Zhao JQ, You Y, Wang ZH, Zhou MQ, Yuan WC. Catalytic asymmetric aromatizing inverse electron-demand [4+2] cycloaddition of 1-thioaurones and 1-azaaurones. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 58:553-556. [PMID: 34908046 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc06357j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Using 1-thioaurones and 1-azaaurones as electron-deficient oxa-dienes, an organocatalytic asymmetric aromatizing inverse electron-demand [4+2] cycloaddition with γ-deconjugated butenolides and azlactones was developed. A wide range of optically active benzothiophene-fused δ-lactones and indole-fused δ-lactones were obtained with desirable outcomes (up to 94% yield, >99 : 1 dr and 99% ee).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Pei Yuan
- National Engineering Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China. .,Innovation Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Pei-Hao Dou
- National Engineering Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China. .,Innovation Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yun-Qing Jia
- National Engineering Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China. .,Innovation Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jian-Qiang Zhao
- Innovation Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Yong You
- Innovation Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Zhen-Hua Wang
- Innovation Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Ming-Qiang Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Wei-Cheng Yuan
- National Engineering Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China. .,Innovation Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
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7
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Hou R, Wang Z, Peng J, Yuan Y, Zhang J, Wang D, Sun T. Conformational Preferences of Allene Ketones in Lewis Base Catalysis: Synthesis of 4
H
‐Pyrans and 3,4‐Dihydro‐2
H
‐pyrans
via α
‐Regioselective [4+2] Annulations of
γ
‐Substituted Allene Ketones and Activated Alkenes. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Hou
- School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Life Science Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 P. R. China
| | - Ziyu Wang
- SDU-ANU Joint Science College Shandong University Weihai 264209 P. R. China
| | - Jia Peng
- School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Life Science Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 P. R. China
| | - Ye Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 P. R. China
| | - Jingli Zhang
- School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Life Science Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 P. R. China
| | - Du Wang
- School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Life Science Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 P. R. China
| | - Taolei Sun
- School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Life Science Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 P. R. China
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8
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Takagi R, Yamasaki Y. Chiral Calcium Bis-sulfonimide Catalyzed Diels-Alder Reactions of 1-Acryloyl-pyrazole. CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.210403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryukichi Takagi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Yuhei Yamasaki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
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9
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Furugoori M, Yoshida K, Hashimoto Y, Morita N, Tanaka Iii K, Tamura O. Electrophilic Epoxidation of α,β-Unsaturated Oximes with Dioxiranes and Ring Opening of the Epoxides. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2021; 69:1010-1016. [PMID: 34305073 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c21-00533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
α,β-Unsaturated oximes underwent electrophilic epoxidation with in-situ-generated dimethyldioxirane to give the corresponding epoxides in good yields. This reaction is an example of "carbonyl umpolung" by transformation of α,β-unsaturated ketones to their oximes. Nucleophilic ring-opening reactions of the epoxides afforded α-substituted products. Shi asymmetric epoxidation of the oximes proceeded with moderate enantioselectivity.
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10
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Łukasik B, Kowalska J, Frankowski S, Albrecht Ł. Vinylogous hydrazone strategy for the organocatalytic alkylation of heteroaromatic derivatives. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:6312-6315. [PMID: 34076661 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc01923f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A new umpolung approach for the asymmetric Friedel-Crafts-type alkylation of electron-poor heteroaromatic systems has been developed. It is based on the vinylogous reactivity of hydrazones derived from heteroaromatic aldehydes. The donating effect of the hydrazone moiety can be efficiently transferred over the heteroaromatic system activating it towards an asymmetric Friedel-Crafts reaction with α,β-unsaturated aldehydes realized under aminocatalytic conditions. Excellent enantioselectivities have been obtained owing to the application of a MacMillan imidazolidinone catalyst. Unmasking of the hydrazone moiety has also been realized resulting in the development of a unique strategy for the asymmetric functionalization of electron-poor heteroaromatic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Łukasik
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Żeromskiego 116, Łódź 90-924, Poland.
| | - Justyna Kowalska
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Żeromskiego 116, Łódź 90-924, Poland.
| | - Sebastian Frankowski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Żeromskiego 116, Łódź 90-924, Poland.
| | - Łukasz Albrecht
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Żeromskiego 116, Łódź 90-924, Poland.
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11
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Matsuzaki H, Takeda N, Yasui M, Ito Y, Konishi K, Ueda M. Synthesis of Pyrazoles Utilizing the Ambiphilic Reactivity of Hydrazones. Org Lett 2020; 22:9249-9252. [PMID: 33196204 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A Brønsted acid-mediated synthesis of pyrazoles from conjugated hydrazones through a β-protonation/nucleophilic addition/cyclization/aromatization sequence was developed. This protocol utilizing the ambiphilic reactivity of hydrazones enables not only self-condensation but also cross-condensation, affording multisubstituted pyrazoles in high yields, with a broad substrate scope. This sequential reaction proceeds under mild conditions via a simple operation. Moreover, the method can be applied to the synthesis of a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, Lonazolac.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruo Matsuzaki
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Motoyamakita, Higashinada, Kobe 658-8558, Japan
| | - Norihiko Takeda
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Motoyamakita, Higashinada, Kobe 658-8558, Japan
| | - Motohiro Yasui
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Motoyamakita, Higashinada, Kobe 658-8558, Japan
| | - Yuta Ito
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Motoyamakita, Higashinada, Kobe 658-8558, Japan
| | - Keiji Konishi
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Motoyamakita, Higashinada, Kobe 658-8558, Japan
| | - Masafumi Ueda
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Motoyamakita, Higashinada, Kobe 658-8558, Japan
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12
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Karas LJ, Campbell AT, Alabugin IV, Wu JI. Antiaromaticity Gain Activates Tropone and Nonbenzenoid Aromatics as Normal-Electron-Demand Diels-Alder Dienes. Org Lett 2020; 22:7083-7087. [PMID: 32856925 PMCID: PMC8124018 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We propose a carbonyl umpolung strategy for activating tropone as a normal-electron-demand Diels-Alder diene. Tropone has low reactivity for Diels-Alder reactions because of its [4n+2] π-aromaticity. Conversion of the carbonyl group into a hydrazone ion (═N-NR-) reverses the polarity of the exocyclic double bond, increases the [4n] ring π-antiaromaticity, and raises the HOMO energy. Computed gas-phase activation free energies for a Diels-Alder reaction with maleimide suggest a billion-fold rate increase when the tropone C═O is replaced by ═N-NR- (R = H or SO2CH3). Other nonbenzenoid aromatics can be activated as normal-electron-demand Diels-Alder dienes in the same way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas J Karas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Adam T Campbell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Igor V Alabugin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Judy I Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
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