1
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Xu X, Zhang X, He H, Dai L, Hu J, Si C. Graphitic Carbon Nitride Enters the Scene: A Promising Versatile Tool for Biomedical Applications. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024. [PMID: 39023123 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c01714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4), since the pioneering work on visible-light photocatalytic water splitting in 2009, has emerged as a highly promising advanced material for environmental and energetic applications, including photocatalytic degradation of pollutants, photocatalytic hydrogen generation, and carbon dioxide reduction. Due to its distinctive two-dimensional structure, excellent chemical stability, and distinctive optical and electrical properties, g-C3N4 has garnered a considerable amount of interest in the field of biomedicine in recent years. This review focuses on the fundamental properties of g-C3N4, highlighting the synthesis and modification strategies associated with the interfacial structures of g-C3N4-based materials, including heterojunction, band gap engineering, doping, and nanocomposite hybridization. Furthermore, the biomedical applications of these materials in various domains, including biosensors, antimicrobial applications, and photocatalytic degradation of medical pollutants, are also described with the objective of spotlighting the unique advantages of g-C3N4. A summary of the challenges faced and future prospects for the advancement of g-C3N4-based materials is presented, and it is hoped that this review will inspire readers to seek further new applications for this material in biomedical and other fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Fiber Manufacturing Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, College of Light Industry and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
| | - Xinyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Fiber Manufacturing Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, College of Light Industry and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
| | - Haodong He
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Fiber Manufacturing Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, College of Light Industry and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
| | - Lin Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Fiber Manufacturing Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, College of Light Industry and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
| | - Jinguang Hu
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive, NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Chuanling Si
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Fiber Manufacturing Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, College of Light Industry and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
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2
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Cook A, Newman SG. Alcohols as Substrates in Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Arylation, Alkylation, and Related Reactions. Chem Rev 2024; 124:6078-6144. [PMID: 38630862 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.4c00094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Alcohols are abundant and attractive feedstock molecules for organic synthesis. Many methods for their functionalization require them to first be converted into a more activated derivative, while recent years have seen a vast increase in the number of complexity-building transformations that directly harness unprotected alcohols. This Review discusses how transition metal catalysis can be used toward this goal. These transformations are broadly classified into three categories. Deoxygenative functionalizations, representing derivatization of the C-O bond, enable the alcohol to act as a leaving group toward the formation of new C-C bonds. Etherifications, characterized by derivatization of the O-H bond, represent classical reactivity that has been modernized to include mild reaction conditions, diverse reaction partners, and high selectivities. Lastly, chain functionalization reactions are described, wherein the alcohol group acts as a mediator in formal C-H functionalization reactions of the alkyl backbone. Each of these three classes of transformation will be discussed in context of intermolecular arylation, alkylation, and related reactions, illustrating how catalysis can enable alcohols to be directly harnessed for organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Cook
- Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Stephen G Newman
- Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
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3
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Lin Q, Yusran Y, Xing J, Li Y, Zhang J, Su T, Yang L, Suo J, Zhang L, Li Q, Wang H, Fang Q, Li ZT, Zhang DW. Structural Conjugation Tuning in Covalent Organic Frameworks Boosts Charge Transfer and Photocatalysis Performances. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:5869-5880. [PMID: 38277475 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c16724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Structural conjugation greatly affects the optical and electronic properties of the COF photocatalyst. Herein, we show that 2D hydrazone COFs with either π-extended biphenyl (BPh-COF) or acetylene (AC-COF) frameworks demonstrated distinct charge transfer and photocatalytic performances. The two COFs show good crystallinity and decent porosity as their frameworks are enforced by intra/interlayers hydrogen bonding. However, computational and experimental data reveal that AC-COF managed broader visible-light absorption and narrower optical bandgaps and performed efficient photoinduced charge separation and transfer in comparison with BPh-COF, meaning that the ethynyl skeleton with enhanced planarity better improves the π-conjugation of the whole structure. As a result, AC-COF exhibited an ideal bandgap for rapid oxidative coupling of amines under visible-light irradiation. Furthermore, taking advantage of its better charge transfer properties, AC-COF demonstrated considerable enhanced product conversion and notable functional tolerance for metallaphotocatalytic C-O cross-coupling of a wide range of both aryl bromides and chlorides with alcohols. More importantly, besides being recoverable, AC-COF showcased the previously inaccessible etherification of dihaloarene. This report shows a facile approach for manipulating the structure-activity relationship and paves the way for the development of a COF photocatalyst for solar-to-chemical energy conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihan Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
| | - Yusran Yusran
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Jiabin Xing
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
| | - Yongsheng Li
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
| | - Jiangshan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
| | - Tianhui Su
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
| | - Lingyi Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
| | - Jinquan Suo
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Liming Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
| | - Qiaowei Li
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
| | - Qianrong Fang
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Zhan-Ting Li
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
| | - Dan-Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
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Lu HL, Jin JH, Liang SC, Feng CW, Li ZM, Zhao FG, Liu X, Shen YM. Photocatalytic Three-Component Reaction for the Synthesis of Multifunctional Diaryl Sulfides. J Org Chem 2023; 88:16547-16555. [PMID: 37971809 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
A photocatalytic three-component reaction of a nitroarene, a thiophenol, and a ketone for the synthesis of multifunctional diaryl sulfides was reported using a nitro group as the nitrogen source and thiophenol as the sulfur source. Thiophenol also serves as a proton donor to reduce nitroarene to arylamine as a key intermediate for the formation of C-N and C-S bonds. Good functional group tolerance and mild reaction conditions make this method have practical synthetic value for diversified multifunctional diaryl sulfides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ling Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, PR China
| | - Jia-Hui Jin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, PR China
| | - Shang-Chuang Liang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, PR China
| | - Chuan-Wei Feng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, PR China
| | - Zhi-Ming Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, PR China
| | - Fu-Gang Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, PR China
- Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Shengzhou Innovation Research Institute, Shengzhou 312400, PR China
| | - Xunshan Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, PR China
- Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Shengzhou Innovation Research Institute, Shengzhou 312400, PR China
| | - Yong-Miao Shen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, PR China
- Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Shengzhou Innovation Research Institute, Shengzhou 312400, PR China
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5
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Kumar P, Singh G, Guan X, Lee J, Bahadur R, Ramadass K, Kumar P, Kibria MG, Vidyasagar D, Yi J, Vinu A. Multifunctional carbon nitride nanoarchitectures for catalysis. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:7602-7664. [PMID: 37830178 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00213f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Catalysis is at the heart of modern-day chemical and pharmaceutical industries, and there is an urgent demand to develop metal-free, high surface area, and efficient catalysts in a scalable, reproducible and economic manner. Amongst the ever-expanding two-dimensional materials family, carbon nitride (CN) has emerged as the most researched material for catalytic applications due to its unique molecular structure with tunable visible range band gap, surface defects, basic sites, and nitrogen functionalities. These properties also endow it with anchoring capability with a large number of catalytically active sites and provide opportunities for doping, hybridization, sensitization, etc. To make considerable progress in the use of CN as a highly effective catalyst for various applications, it is critical to have an in-depth understanding of its synthesis, structure and surface sites. The present review provides an overview of the recent advances in synthetic approaches of CN, its physicochemical properties, and band gap engineering, with a focus on its exclusive usage in a variety of catalytic reactions, including hydrogen evolution reactions, overall water splitting, water oxidation, CO2 reduction, nitrogen reduction reactions, pollutant degradation, and organocatalysis. While the structural design and band gap engineering of catalysts are elaborated, the surface chemistry is dealt with in detail to demonstrate efficient catalytic performances. Burning challenges in catalytic design and future outlook are elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Kumar
- Global Innovative Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, College of Engineering, Science and Environment (CESE), The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, 2308, NSW, Australia.
| | - Gurwinder Singh
- Global Innovative Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, College of Engineering, Science and Environment (CESE), The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, 2308, NSW, Australia.
| | - Xinwei Guan
- Global Innovative Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, College of Engineering, Science and Environment (CESE), The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, 2308, NSW, Australia.
| | - Jangmee Lee
- Global Innovative Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, College of Engineering, Science and Environment (CESE), The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, 2308, NSW, Australia.
| | - Rohan Bahadur
- Global Innovative Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, College of Engineering, Science and Environment (CESE), The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, 2308, NSW, Australia.
| | - Kavitha Ramadass
- Global Innovative Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, College of Engineering, Science and Environment (CESE), The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, 2308, NSW, Australia.
| | - Pawan Kumar
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Md Golam Kibria
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Devthade Vidyasagar
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiabao Yi
- Global Innovative Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, College of Engineering, Science and Environment (CESE), The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, 2308, NSW, Australia.
| | - Ajayan Vinu
- Global Innovative Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, College of Engineering, Science and Environment (CESE), The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, 2308, NSW, Australia.
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6
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Yusran Y, Xing J, Lin Q, Wu G, Peng WC, Wu Y, Su T, Yang L, Zhang L, Li Q, Wang H, Li ZT, Zhang DW. Metallaphotocatalytic Amination of Aryl Chlorides Enabled by Highly Crystalline Acetylene-Based Hydrazone-Linked Covalent Organic Frameworks. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2303069. [PMID: 37165759 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202303069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Amination of aryl chlorides by metallaphotocatalysis is highly desired but remains practically challenging. Meanwhile, relying on soluble noble-metal photocatalysts suffers from resource scarcity and structural instability which limit their practical application. Here in, a highly crystalline acetylene-based hydrazone-linked covalent organic framewok-1 (AC-COF-1) is reported that enables metallaphotocatalytic amination of aryl chlorides. The non-planar effect of hydrazone linkage and weak interlayer attraction of acetylene bond are minimized by intralayer hydrogen-bonding. As a result, the COF shows not only improved crystallinity and porosity, but also enhanced optical and electronic properties compared to a COF analog without hydrogen-bonding. Notably, dual AC-COF-1/Ni system affords CN coupling products from broad aryl chloride substrates in excellent yields (up to 99%) and good functional tolerance. Furthermore, AC-COF-1 is recoverable and reusable for seven times photocatalysis cycles. This report demonstrates simple approach to tune the structure-activity relationship in COFs at molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusran Yusran
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Jiabin Xing
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Qihan Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Chang Peng
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Tianhui Su
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Lingyi Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Liming Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Qiaowei Li
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Zhan-Ting Li
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Dan-Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
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7
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Sivo A, Ruta V, Granata V, Savateev O, Bajada MA, Vilé G. Nanostructured Carbon Nitride for Continuous-Flow Trifluoromethylation of (Hetero)arenes. ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING 2023; 11:5284-5292. [PMID: 37034497 PMCID: PMC10074389 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.3c00176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Efficient catalytic methods for the trifluoromethylation of (hetero)arenes are of particular importance in organic and pharmaceutical manufacturing. However, many existing protocols rely on toxic reagents and expensive or sterically hindered homogeneous catalysts. One promising alternative to conduct this transformation involves the use of carbon nitride, a non-toxic photocatalyst prepared from inexpensive precursors. Nonetheless, there is still little understanding regarding the interplay between physicochemical features of this photocatalyst and the corresponding effects on the reaction rate. In this work, we elucidate the role of carbon nitride nanostructuring on the catalytic performance, understanding the effect of surface area and band gap tuning via metal insertion. Our findings provide new insights into the structure-function relationships of the catalyst, which we exploit to design a continuous-flow process that maximizes catalyst-light interaction, facilitates catalyst reusability, and enables intensified reaction scale-up. This is particularly significant given that photocatalyzed batch protocols often face challenges during industrial exploitation. Finally, we extrapolate the rapid and simplified continuous-flow method to the synthesis of a variety of functionalized heteroaromatics, which have numerous applications in the pharmaceutical and fine chemical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Sivo
- Department
of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, IT-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Ruta
- Department
of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, IT-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Vittoria Granata
- Department
of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, IT-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Oleksandr Savateev
- Department
of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute
of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, DE-14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Mark A. Bajada
- Department
of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, IT-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Gianvito Vilé
- Department
of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, IT-20133 Milano, Italy
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8
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Poly(heptazine imide) ligand exchange enables remarkable low catalyst loadings in heterogeneous metallaphotocatalysis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1501. [PMID: 36932064 PMCID: PMC10023668 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37113-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of heterogeneous metallaphotocatalysis is of great interest for sustainable organic synthesis. The rational design and controllable preparation of well-defined (site-isolated) metal/photo bifunctional solid catalysts to meet such goal remains a critical challenge. Herein, we demonstrate the incorporation of privileged homogeneous bipyridyl-based Ni-catalysts into highly ordered and crystalline potassium poly(heptazine imide) (K-PHI). A variety of PHI-supported cationic bipyridyl-based Ni-catalysts (LnNi-PHI) have been prepared and fully characterized by various techniques including NMR, ICP-OES, XPS, HAADF-STEM and XAS. The LnNi-PHI catalysts exhibit exceptional chemical stability and recyclability in diverse C-P, C-S, C-O and C-N cross-coupling reactions. The proximity and cooperativity effects in LnNi-PHI significantly enhances the photo/Ni dual catalytic activity, thus resulting in low catalyst loadings and high turnover numbers.
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9
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Das A, Patil NT. Ligand-Enabled Gold-Catalyzed C(sp 2)–O Cross-Coupling Reactions. ACS Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c00338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Avishek Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhauri, Bhopal 462 066, India
| | - Nitin T. Patil
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhauri, Bhopal 462 066, India
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10
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Importance of the 2,6-Difluorobenzamide Motif for FtsZ Allosteric Inhibition: Insights from Conformational Analysis, Molecular Docking and Structural Modifications. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052055. [PMID: 36903302 PMCID: PMC10003973 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
A conformational analysis and molecular docking study comparing 2,6-difluoro-3-methoxybenzamide (DFMBA) with 3-methoxybenzamide (3-MBA) has been undertaken for investigating the known increase of FtsZ inhibition related anti S. aureus activity due to fluorination. For the isolated molecules, the calculations reveal that the presence of the fluorine atoms in DFMBA is responsible for its non-planarity, with a dihedral angle of -27° between the carboxamide and the aromatic ring. When interacting with the protein, the fluorinated ligand can thus more easily adopt the non-planar conformation found in reported co-crystallized complexes with FtsZ, than the non-fluorinated one. Molecular docking studies of the favored non-planar conformation of 2,6-difluoro-3-methoxybenzamide highlights the strong hydrophobic interactions between the difluoroaromatic ring and several key residues of the allosteric pocket, precisely between the 2-fluoro substituent and residues Val203 and Val297 and between the 6-fluoro group and the residues Asn263. The docking simulation in the allosteric binding site also confirms the critical importance of the hydrogen bonds between the carboxamide group with the residues Val207, Leu209 and Asn263. Changing the carboxamide functional group of 3-alkyloxybenzamide and 3-alkyloxy-2,6-difluorobenzamide to a benzohydroxamic acid or benzohydrazide led to inactive compounds, confirming the importance of the carboxamide group.
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11
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Chen G, Xu B. Hydrogen Bond Donor and Unbalanced Ion Pair Promoter-Assisted Gold-Catalyzed Carbon–Oxygen Cross-Coupling of (Hetero)aryl Iodides with Alcohols. ACS Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c05890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Guifang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Bo Xu
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
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12
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Meng D, Xue J, Zhang Y, Liu T, Chen C, Song W, Zhao J. Covalent organic frameworks editing for efficient metallaphotoredox catalytic carbon–oxygen cross coupling of aryl halides with alcohols. Catal Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy01535h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Cross-coupling by dual metal/photoredox catalysis is attractive for producing valuable chemical building blocks, where the photoredox catalysts lay the foundations for an efficient and sustainable operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Meng
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jing Xue
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yufan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Tianjiao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Chuncheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Wenjing Song
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jincai Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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13
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Zhao Z, Pieber B, Delbianco M. Modulating the Surface and Photophysical Properties of Carbon Dots to Access Colloidal Photocatalysts for Cross-Couplings. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c04025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhouxiang Zhao
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max-Planck-Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Bartholomäus Pieber
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max-Planck-Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Martina Delbianco
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max-Planck-Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
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14
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Li Z, Qiu S, Song Y, Huang S, Gao J, Sun L, Hou J. Engineering single–atom active sites anchored covalent organic frameworks for efficient metallaphotoredox C N cross–coupling reactions. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2022; 67:1971-1981. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2022.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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15
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Gerken VC, Carreira EM. Carbon Nitride Photoredox Catalysis Enables the Generation of the Dioxolanyl Radical for Conjugate Addition Reactions. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c03229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Viktoria C. Gerken
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, ETH Zürich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Erick M. Carreira
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, ETH Zürich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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16
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Peng S, Liu J, Yang LH, Xie LY. Sunlight Induced and Recyclable g-C 3N 4 Catalyzed C-H Sulfenylation of Quinoxalin-2(1 H)-Ones. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27155044. [PMID: 35956990 PMCID: PMC9370749 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27155044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A sunlight-promoted sulfenylation of quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones using recyclable graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) as a heterogeneous photocatalyst was developed. Using the method, various 3-sulfenylated quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones were obtained in good to excellent yields under an ambient air atmosphere. Moreover, the heterogeneous catalyst can be recycled at least six times without significant loss of activity.
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17
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Hung WC, Jhang CH, Weng SL, Chou CC, Chen CH, Lin JL, Fang JM. Revisiting Disulfide-Yne and Disulfide-Diazonium Reactions for Potential Direct Modification of Disulfide Bonds in Proteins. J Org Chem 2022; 87:9875-9886. [PMID: 35815579 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
To find their potential use in protein research, direct addition of a disulfide compound to alkyne (namely disulfide-yne reaction) and S-arylation with arenediazonium salt (namely disulfide-diazonium reaction) were investigated in aqueous or protic solutions. The reaction of dimethyl disulfide with 5-hexynol performed best under 300 nm irradiation in the presence of sodium acetate to afford 5,6-bis(methylthio)-5-hexenol in 60% yield. Without the prior reduction of a disulfide bond to thiols, the disulfide-yne reactions have the advantage of 100% atom economy. Disulfide-diazonium reaction was triggered by sodium formate and accelerated by photoirradiation with a 450 nm LED lamp (5 W). The reaction of 3,4-dihydroxy-1,2-dithiane with 2-(prop-2-yn-1-yloxy)benzene-1-diazonium tetrafluoroborate (8b) afforded 2-(benzofuran-3-yl)-1,3-dithiepane-5,6-diol (13), confirming that both S substituents originate from the same disulfide molecule. The trastuzumab antibody was incubated with diazonium 8b, followed by α-lytic protease digestion, LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis, and Mascot search, to verify that the proximal C229 and C232 residues on the same heavy chain were reconnected with a (benzofuranyl)methine moiety that originated from 8b, unlike the expected disulfide rebridging across two heavy chains. Nonetheless, disulfide-diazonium reactions still have potential for rebridging disulfide bonds if appropriate proteins and diazonium agents are chosen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Cheng Hung
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hao Jhang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Shou-Lin Weng
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Chun Chou
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Chein-Hung Chen
- The Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 225, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Lee Lin
- The Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 225, Taiwan
| | - Jim-Min Fang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan.,The Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 225, Taiwan
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18
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Barata‐Vallejo S, Yerien DE, Postigo A. Bioinspired Photocatalyzed Organic Synthetic Transformations. The Use of Natural Pigments and Vitamins in Photocatalysis. ChemCatChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202200623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián Barata‐Vallejo
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica Universidad de Buenos Aires Junin 954 CP 1113- Buenos Aires Argentina
- Istituto per la Sintesis Organica e la Fotorreattivita, ISOF Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Via P. Gobetti 101 40129 Bologna Italy
| | - Damian E. Yerien
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica Universidad de Buenos Aires Junin 954 CP 1113- Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Al Postigo
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica Universidad de Buenos Aires Junin 954 CP 1113- Buenos Aires Argentina
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19
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Vijeta A, Casadevall C, Reisner E. An Integrated Carbon Nitride-Nickel Photocatalyst for the Amination of Aryl Halides Using Sodium Azide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202203176. [PMID: 35332981 PMCID: PMC9321912 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202203176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of primary anilines via sustainable methods remains a challenge in organic synthesis. We report a photocatalytic protocol for the selective synthesis of primary anilines via cross‐coupling of a wide range of aryl/heteroaryl halides with sodium azide using a photocatalyst powder consisting of nickel(II) deposited on mesoporous carbon nitride (Ni‐mpg‐CNx). This heterogeneous photocatalyst contains a high surface area with a visible light‐absorbing and adaptive “built‐in” solid‐state ligand for the integrated catalytic Ni site. The method displays a high functional group tolerance, requires mild reaction conditions, and benefits from easy recovery and reuse of the photocatalyst powder. Thereby, it overcomes the need of complex ligand scaffolds required in homogeneous catalysis, precious metals and elevated temperatures/pressures in existing protocols of primary anilines synthesis. The reported heterogeneous Ni‐mpg‐CNx holds potential for applications in the academic and industrial synthesis of anilines and exploration of other photocatalytic transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjun Vijeta
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Carla Casadevall
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Erwin Reisner
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
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20
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Hou ZW, Zhang MM, Yang WC, Wang L. Catalyst- and Oxidizing Reagent-Free Electrochemical Benzylic C(sp 3)-H Oxidation of Phenol Derivatives. J Org Chem 2022; 87:7806-7817. [PMID: 35648817 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A site-selective electrochemical approach for the benzylic C(sp3)-H oxidation reaction of phenol derivatives along with hydrogen evolution has been developed. The protocol proceeds in an easily available undivided cell at room temperature under catalyst- and oxidizing reagent-free conditions. The corresponding aryl aldehydes and ketones are obtained in satisfactory yields, and the gram-scale synthesis is easy to be carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Wei Hou
- Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang, Zhejiang, Taizhou 318000, P. R. China
| | - Ming-Ming Zhang
- Guangling College and School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Chao Yang
- Guangling College and School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang, Zhejiang, Taizhou 318000, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
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21
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Wang X, Fang X, Yuan X, Zhang F, Yang J, Ling N, Yang H. Synthesis, structure and photocatalytic properties of two novel Cd (II) coordination polymers based on 1-[(2-methyl-1H-benzoimidazol-1-yl) methyl]-1H-benzotriazole. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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22
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Red edge effect and chromoselective photocatalysis with amorphous covalent triazine-based frameworks. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2171. [PMID: 35449208 PMCID: PMC9023581 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29781-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromoselective photocatalysis offers an intriguing opportunity to enable a specific reaction pathway out of a potentially possible multiplicity for a given substrate by using a sensitizer that converts the energy of incident photon into the redox potential of the corresponding magnitude. Several sensitizers possessing different discrete redox potentials (high/low) upon excitation with photons of specific wavelength (short/long) have been reported. Herein, we report design of molecular structures of two-dimensional amorphous covalent triazine-based frameworks (CTFs) possessing intraband states close to the valence band with strong red edge effect (REE). REE enables generation of a continuum of excited sites characterized by their own redox potentials, with the magnitude proportional to the wavelength of incident photons. Separation of charge carriers in such materials depends strongly on the wavelength of incident light and is the primary parameter that defines efficacy of the materials in photocatalytic bromination of electron rich aromatic compounds. In dual Ni-photocatalysis, excitation of electrons from the intraband states to the conduction band of the CTF with 625 nm photons enables selective formation of C‒N cross-coupling products from arylhalides and pyrrolidine, while an undesirable dehalogenation process is completely suppressed.
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23
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Tassone JP, Lundrigan T, Ashton TD, Stradiotto M. Nickel-Catalyzed C-N Cross-Coupling of 4-Chloro-1,8-naphthalimides and Bulky, Primary Alkylamines at Room Temperature. J Org Chem 2022; 87:6492-6498. [PMID: 35442025 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
4-Amino-1,8-naphthalimides, potentially useful fluorescent probes in biological applications, are prepared via Ni(cod)2/IPr-catalyzed cross-couplings between 4-chloro-1,8-naphthalimide electrophiles and α,α,α-trisubstituted, primary alkylamines at room temperature. This method represents the first synthesis of 4-amino-1,8-naphthalimides using Ni-catalyzed C-N cross-coupling and provides the first examples of 4-amino-1,8-naphthalimides incorporating such bulky primary alkylamines, thereby highlighting the utility of Ni-catalyzed processes in synthesizing naphthalimide scaffolds that were inaccessible using established methods (SNAr; Pd or Cu catalysis).
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph P Tassone
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Travis Lundrigan
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Trent D Ashton
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia
| | - Mark Stradiotto
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
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24
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Vijeta A, Casadevall C, Reisner E. An Integrated Carbon Nitride‐Nickel Photocatalyst for the Amination of Aryl Halides using Sodium Azide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202203176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arjun Vijeta
- University of Cambridge Chemistry UNITED KINGDOM
| | | | - Erwin Reisner
- University of Cambridge Chemistry Lensfield Road CB2 1EW Cambridge UNITED KINGDOM
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25
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Schirmer TE, Abdellaoui M, Savateev A, Ollivier C, Antonietti M, Fensterbank L, König B. Mesoporous Graphitic Carbon Nitride as a Heterogeneous Organic Photocatalyst in the Dual Catalytic Arylation of Alkyl Bis(catecholato)silicates. Org Lett 2022; 24:2483-2487. [PMID: 35324213 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c00529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Mesoporous graphitic carbon nitride (mpg-CN) is introduced as a heterogeneous photocatalyst to perform dual photoredox- and nickel-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions between alkyl bis(catecholato)silicates as radical precursors and aryl or alkenyl bromides. The synergy between this recyclable photocatalyst and the broadly applied homogeneous nickel complex [Ni(dtbbpy)Br2] gives access to C(sp2)-C(sp3) cross-coupling products in a sustainable fashion. The recycled mpg-CN photocatalyst was analyzed by time-resolved emission spectroscopy and EPR spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias E Schirmer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, Regensburg 93053, Germany
| | - Mehdi Abdellaoui
- CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire -4 Place Jussieu, CC 229, Sorbonne Université, Paris Cedex 05 F-75252, France
| | - Aleksandr Savateev
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, Potsdam 14476, Germany
| | - Cyril Ollivier
- CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire -4 Place Jussieu, CC 229, Sorbonne Université, Paris Cedex 05 F-75252, France
| | - Markus Antonietti
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, Potsdam 14476, Germany
| | - Louis Fensterbank
- CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire -4 Place Jussieu, CC 229, Sorbonne Université, Paris Cedex 05 F-75252, France
| | - Burkhard König
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, Regensburg 93053, Germany
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26
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Oechsner RM, Wagner JP, Fleischer I. Acetate Facilitated Nickel Catalyzed Coupling of Aryl Chlorides and Alkyl Thiols. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c04895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Regina M. Oechsner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - J. Philipp Wagner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ivana Fleischer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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27
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Zhang Z, Xu Y, Zhang Q, Fang S, Sun H, Ou W, Su C. Semi-heterogeneous photo-Cu-dual-catalytic cross-coupling reactions using polymeric carbon nitrides. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2022; 67:71-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2021.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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28
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Zhu Y, Zu W, Tian Q, Cao Z, Wei Y, Xu L. A nickel/organoboron catalyzed metallaphotoredox platform for C(sp 2)–P and C(sp 2)–S bond construction. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01778k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A boron-based organic photocatalyst has been applied in metallaphotoredox catalyzed C–P and C–S bond construction reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, China
| | - Weisai Zu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, China
| | - Qing Tian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, China
| | - Zifeng Cao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, China
| | - Yu Wei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, China
| | - Liang Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, China
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29
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Raciti E, Gali SM, Melchionna M, Filippini G, Actis A, Chiesa M, Bevilacqua M, Fornasiero P, Prato M, Beljonne D, Lazzaroni R. Radical defects modulate the photocatalytic response in 2D-graphitic carbon nitride. Chem Sci 2022; 13:9927-9939. [PMID: 36128229 PMCID: PMC9430681 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc03964h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Graphitic carbon nitride (gCN) is an important heterogeneous metal-free catalytic material. Thermally induced post-synthetic modifications, such as amorphization and/or reduction, were recently used to enhance the photocatalytic response of these materials for certain classes of organic transformations, with structural defects possibly playing an important role. The knowledge of how these surface modifications modulate the photocatalytic response of gCN is therefore not only interesting from a fundamental point of view, but also necessary for the development and/or tuning of metal-free gCN systems with superior photo-catalytic properties. Herein, employing density functional theory calculations and combining both the periodic and molecular approaches, in conjunction with experimental EPR measurements, we demonstrate that different structural defects on the gCN surface generate distinctive radical defect states localized within the electronic bandgap, with only those correlated with amorphous and reduced gCN structures being photo-active. To this end, we (i) model defective gCN surfaces containing radical defect states; (ii) assess the interactions of these defects with the radical precursors involved in the photo-driven alkylation of electron-rich aromatic compounds (namely perfluoroalkyl iodides); and (iii) describe the photo-chemical processes triggering the initial step of that reaction at the gCN surface. We provide a coherent structure/photo-catalytic property relationship on defective gCN surfaces, elaborating how only specific defect types act as binding sites for the perfluoroalkyl iodide reagent and can favor a photo-induced charge transfer from the gCN surface to the molecule, thus triggering the perfluoroalkylation reaction. The nature of radical defects governs the photocatalytic activity of graphitic carbon nitride.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Raciti
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Materials Research Institute, University of Mons, Place du Parc 20, Mons 7000, Belgium
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, INSTM, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, Trieste 34127, Italy
| | - Sai Manoj Gali
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Materials Research Institute, University of Mons, Place du Parc 20, Mons 7000, Belgium
| | - Michele Melchionna
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, INSTM, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, Trieste 34127, Italy
| | - Giacomo Filippini
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, INSTM, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, Trieste 34127, Italy
| | - Arianna Actis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, NIS Centre of Excellence, Via Giuria 9, Torino 10125, Italy
| | - Mario Chiesa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, NIS Centre of Excellence, Via Giuria 9, Torino 10125, Italy
| | - Manuela Bevilacqua
- Institute of Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds (ICCOM-CNR), via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
- Center for Energy, Environment and Transport Giacomo Ciamician and ICCOM-CNR Trieste Research Unit, University of Trieste, via L. Giorgieri 1, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Paolo Fornasiero
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, INSTM, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, Trieste 34127, Italy
- Center for Energy, Environment and Transport Giacomo Ciamician and ICCOM-CNR Trieste Research Unit, University of Trieste, via L. Giorgieri 1, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Maurizio Prato
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, INSTM, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, Trieste 34127, Italy
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 182, Donostia San Sebastián 20014, Spain
- Basque Foundation for Science, Ikerbasque, Bilbao 48013, Spain
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Materials Research Institute, University of Mons, Place du Parc 20, Mons 7000, Belgium
| | - Roberto Lazzaroni
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Materials Research Institute, University of Mons, Place du Parc 20, Mons 7000, Belgium
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30
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Zhu DL, Jiang S, Wu Q, Wang H, Li HY, Li HX. Nickel-Catalyzed Etherification of Phenols and Aryl Halides through Visible-Light-Induced Energy Transfer. Org Lett 2021; 23:8327-8332. [PMID: 34633202 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c03066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Notwithstanding some progress in nickel-catalyzed etherification of alkanols and arylhalides, the ability of such a Ni-catalyzed transformation employing phenols to diaryl ethers is unsuccessful due to phenolates with much lower reduction potentials, which suppress the oxidation of nickel(II) intermediates into requisite Ni(III) species. We herein report visible-light-initiated, nickel-catalyzed O-arylation of phenols with arylhalides using t-BuNH(i-Pr) as the base and thioxanthen-9-one as the photosensitizer under visible light. This photocoupling exhibits a broad substrate scope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Liang Zhu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.,Analysis and Testing Centre, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224051, China
| | - Shan Jiang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Qi Wu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Hao Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Hai-Yan Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Hong-Xi Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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31
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Zhang H, Chen L, Oderinde MS, Edwards JT, Kawamata Y, Baran PS. Chemoselective, Scalable Nickel‐Electrocatalytic
O
‐Arylation of Alcohols. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202107820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hai‐Jun Zhang
- Department of Chemistry The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Longrui Chen
- Department of Chemistry The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Martins S. Oderinde
- Department of Discovery Synthesis Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Early Development Princeton NJ 08540 USA
| | | | - Yu Kawamata
- Department of Chemistry The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Phil S. Baran
- Department of Chemistry The Scripps Research Institute 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
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32
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Zhang HJ, Chen L, Oderinde MS, Edwards JT, Kawamata Y, Baran PS. Chemoselective, Scalable Nickel-Electrocatalytic O-Arylation of Alcohols. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:20700-20705. [PMID: 34288303 PMCID: PMC8429144 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202107820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The formation of aryl-alkyl ether bonds through cross coupling of alcohols with aryl halides represents a useful strategic departure from classical SN 2 methods. Numerous tactics relying on Pd-, Cu-, and Ni-based catalytic systems have emerged over the past several years. Herein we disclose a Ni-catalyzed electrochemically driven protocol to achieve this useful transformation with a broad substrate scope in an operationally simple way. This electrochemical method does not require strong base, exogenous expensive transition metal catalysts (e.g., Ir, Ru), and can easily be scaled up in either a batch or flow setting. Interestingly, e-etherification exhibits an enhanced substrate scope over the mechanistically related photochemical variant as it tolerates tertiary amine functional groups in the alcohol nucleophile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Jun Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Longrui Chen
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Martins S Oderinde
- Department of Discovery Synthesis, Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Early Development, Princeton, NJ, 08540, USA
| | | | - Yu Kawamata
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Phil S Baran
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
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33
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Zhu C, Yue H, Jia J, Rueping M. Nickel-Catalyzed C-Heteroatom Cross-Coupling Reactions under Mild Conditions via Facilitated Reductive Elimination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:17810-17831. [PMID: 33252192 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202013852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The formation of C-heteroatom bonds represents an important type of bond-forming reaction in organic synthesis and often provides a fast and efficient access to privileged structures found in pharmaceuticals, agrochemical and materials. In contrast to conventional Pd- or Cu-catalyzed C-heteroatom cross-couplings under high-temperature conditions, recent advances in homo- and heterogeneous Ni-catalyzed C-heteroatom formations under mild conditions are particularly attractive from the standpoint of sustainability and practicability. The generation of NiIII and excited NiII intermediates facilitate the reductive elimination step to achieve mild cross-couplings. This review provides an overview of the state-of-the-art approaches for mild C-heteroatom bond formations and highlights the developments in photoredox and nickel dual catalysis involving SET and energy transfer processes; photoexcited nickel catalysis; electro and nickel dual catalysis; heterogeneous photoredox and nickel dual catalysis involving graphitic carbon nitride (mpg-CN), metal organic frameworks (MOFs) or semiconductor quantum dots (QDs); as well as more conventional zinc and nickel dual catalyzed reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhu
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huifeng Yue
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jiaqi Jia
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Magnus Rueping
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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34
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Discovery and characterization of a novel perylenephotoreductant for the activation of aryl halides. J Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2021.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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35
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Liu J, Zou Y, Cruz D, Savateev A, Antonietti M, Vilé G. Ligand-Metal Charge Transfer Induced via Adjustment of Textural Properties Controls the Performance of Single-Atom Catalysts during Photocatalytic Degradation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:25858-25867. [PMID: 34028257 PMCID: PMC8289176 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c02243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Because of their peculiar nitrogen-rich structure, carbon nitrides are convenient polydentate ligands for designing single atom-dispersed photocatalysts. However, the relation between catalysts' textural properties and their photophysical-photocatalytic properties is rarely elaborated. Herein, we report the preparation and characterization of a series of single-atom heterogeneous catalysts featuring highly dispersed Ag and Cu species on mesoporous graphitic C3N4. We show that adjustment of materials textural properties and therefore metal single-atom coordination mode enables ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT) or ligand-to-metal-to-ligand charge transfer (LMLCT), properties that were long speculated in single-atom catalysis but never observed. We employ the developed materials in the degradation of organic pollutants under irradiation with visible light. Kinetic investigations under flow conditions show that single atoms of Ag and Cu decrease the number of toxic organic fragmentation products while leading to a higher selectivity toward full degradation. The results correlate with the selected mode of charge transfer in the designed photocatalysts and provide a new understanding of how the local environment of a single-atom catalyst affects the surface structure and reactivity. The concepts can be exploited further to rationally design and optimize other single-atom materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxu Liu
- Department
of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milan 20133, Italy
- State
Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Catalytic Chemistry
and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Ganjingzi District, Linggong Road
2, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yajun Zou
- Department
of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute
of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam-Golm Science Park, Am Mühlenberg
1 OT Golm, Potsdam 14476, Germany
| | - Daniel Cruz
- Department
of Inorganic Chemistry, Fritz-Haber-Institut
der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, Berlin 14195, Germany
- Department
of Heterogeneous Reactions, Max Planck Institute
for Chemical Energy Conversion, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
| | - Aleksandr Savateev
- Department
of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute
of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam-Golm Science Park, Am Mühlenberg
1 OT Golm, Potsdam 14476, Germany
| | - Markus Antonietti
- Department
of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute
of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam-Golm Science Park, Am Mühlenberg
1 OT Golm, Potsdam 14476, Germany
| | - Gianvito Vilé
- Department
of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milan 20133, Italy
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36
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Pan G, Yang Q, Wang W, Tang Y, Cai Y. Heterogeneous photocatalytic cyanomethylarylation of alkenes with acetonitrile: synthesis of diverse nitrogenous heterocyclic compounds. Beilstein J Org Chem 2021; 17:1171-1180. [PMID: 34093882 PMCID: PMC8144907 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.17.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
A visible light-mediated heterogeneous photocatalytic cyanomethylarylation of alkenes with acetonitrile has been established using K-modified carbon nitride (CN-K) as a recyclable semiconductor photocatalyst. This protocol, employing readily accessible alkyl N-hydroxyphthalimide (NHPI) ester as a radical initiator, allows the efficient construction of a broad array of structural diverse nitrogenous heterocyclic compounds including indolines, oxindoles, isoquinolinones, and isoquinolinediones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglong Pan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Qian Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Wentao Wang
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yurong Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Yunfei Cai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street, Chongqing 400044, China
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37
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Reischauer S, Pieber B. Recyclable, Bifunctional Metallaphotocatalysts for C−S Cross‐Coupling Reactions. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.202100062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Reischauer
- Department of Biomolecular Systems Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces Am Mühlenberg 1 14476 Potsdam Germany
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Freie Universität Berlin Arnimallee 22 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Bartholomäus Pieber
- Department of Biomolecular Systems Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces Am Mühlenberg 1 14476 Potsdam Germany
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38
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Vijeta A, Casadevall C, Roy S, Reisner E. Visible-Light Promoted C-O Bond Formation with an Integrated Carbon Nitride-Nickel Heterogeneous Photocatalyst. ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 133:8575-8580. [PMID: 38505321 PMCID: PMC10947600 DOI: 10.1002/ange.202016511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Ni-deposited mesoporous graphitic carbon nitride (Ni-mpg-CNx) is introduced as an inexpensive, robust, easily synthesizable and recyclable material that functions as an integrated dual photocatalytic system. This material overcomes the need of expensive photosensitizers, organic ligands and additives as well as limitations of catalyst deactivation in the existing photo/Ni dual catalytic cross-coupling reactions. The dual catalytic Ni-mpg-CNx is demonstrated for C-O coupling between aryl halides and aliphatic alcohols under mild condition. The reaction affords the ether product in good-to-excellent yields (60-92 %) with broad substrate scope, including heteroaryl and aryl halides bearing electron-withdrawing, -donating and neutral groups. The heterogeneous Ni-mpg-CNx can be easily recovered from the reaction mixture and reused over multiple cycles without loss of activity. The findings highlight exciting opportunities for dual catalysis promoted by a fully heterogeneous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjun Vijeta
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeLensfield RoadCambridgeCB2 1EWUK
| | - Carla Casadevall
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeLensfield RoadCambridgeCB2 1EWUK
| | - Souvik Roy
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeLensfield RoadCambridgeCB2 1EWUK
- Current address: School of ChemistryUniversity of LincolnJoseph Banks LaboratoriesLincolnLN6 7DLUK
| | - Erwin Reisner
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeLensfield RoadCambridgeCB2 1EWUK
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39
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Vijeta A, Casadevall C, Roy S, Reisner E. Visible-Light Promoted C-O Bond Formation with an Integrated Carbon Nitride-Nickel Heterogeneous Photocatalyst. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:8494-8499. [PMID: 33559927 PMCID: PMC8048670 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202016511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Ni-deposited mesoporous graphitic carbon nitride (Ni-mpg-CNx ) is introduced as an inexpensive, robust, easily synthesizable and recyclable material that functions as an integrated dual photocatalytic system. This material overcomes the need of expensive photosensitizers, organic ligands and additives as well as limitations of catalyst deactivation in the existing photo/Ni dual catalytic cross-coupling reactions. The dual catalytic Ni-mpg-CNx is demonstrated for C-O coupling between aryl halides and aliphatic alcohols under mild condition. The reaction affords the ether product in good-to-excellent yields (60-92 %) with broad substrate scope, including heteroaryl and aryl halides bearing electron-withdrawing, -donating and neutral groups. The heterogeneous Ni-mpg-CNx can be easily recovered from the reaction mixture and reused over multiple cycles without loss of activity. The findings highlight exciting opportunities for dual catalysis promoted by a fully heterogeneous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjun Vijeta
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeLensfield RoadCambridgeCB2 1EWUK
| | - Carla Casadevall
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeLensfield RoadCambridgeCB2 1EWUK
| | - Souvik Roy
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeLensfield RoadCambridgeCB2 1EWUK
- Current address: School of ChemistryUniversity of LincolnJoseph Banks LaboratoriesLincolnLN6 7DLUK
| | - Erwin Reisner
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeLensfield RoadCambridgeCB2 1EWUK
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40
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Rieth AJ, Qin Y, Martindale BCM, Nocera DG. Long-Lived Triplet Excited State in a Heterogeneous Modified Carbon Nitride Photocatalyst. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:4646-4652. [PMID: 33733760 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c12958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Heterogeneous carbon nitrides have numerous advantages as photocatalysts, including strong light absorption, tunable band edges, and scalability, but their performance and continued development are limited by fast charge recombination and an under-developed mechanistic understanding of photodriven interfacial electron transfer. These shortcomings are a result of complex photophysics, leading to rate asynchrony between oxidation and reduction, as well as redox processes driven out of electronic trap states rather than excited states. We show that a well-defined triplet excited state in cyanamide-modified carbon nitride is realized with appropriately sized particles. The utility of this long-lived excited state is demonstrated by its ability to drive a hydroamidation photoredox cycle. By the tuning of the particle size of CNx, the oxidation-reduction photochemistry of carbon nitride may be balanced to achieve a redox-neutral closed photocatalytic cycle. These results uncover a triplet excited state chemistry for appropriately sized CNx particles that preludes a rich energy and electron transfer photochemistry for these materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J Rieth
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford St. Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Yangzhong Qin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford St. Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Benjamin C M Martindale
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford St. Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Daniel G Nocera
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford St. Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
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41
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Rosso C, Filippini G, Criado A, Melchionna M, Fornasiero P, Prato M. Metal-Free Photocatalysis: Two-Dimensional Nanomaterial Connection toward Advanced Organic Synthesis. ACS NANO 2021; 15:3621-3630. [PMID: 33715354 PMCID: PMC8041367 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c00627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) nanostructures are a frontier in materials chemistry as a result of their extraordinary properties. Metal-free 2D nanomaterials possess extra appeal due to their improved cost-effectiveness and lower toxicity with respect to many inorganic structures. The outstanding electronic characteristics of some metal-free 2D semiconductors have projected them into the world of organic synthesis, where they can function as high-performance photocatalysts to drive the sustainable synthesis of high-value organic molecules. Recent reports on this topic have inspired a stream of research and opened up a theme that we believe will become one of the most dominant trends in the forthcoming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Rosso
- Department
of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, CENMAT, Center of Excellence
for Nanostructured Materials, INSTM, UdR Trieste, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 1, Trieste 34127, Italy
| | - Giacomo Filippini
- Department
of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, CENMAT, Center of Excellence
for Nanostructured Materials, INSTM, UdR Trieste, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 1, Trieste 34127, Italy
| | - Alejandro Criado
- Center
for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 182, 20014 Donostia San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Michele Melchionna
- Department
of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, CENMAT, Center of Excellence
for Nanostructured Materials, INSTM, UdR Trieste, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 1, Trieste 34127, Italy
| | - Paolo Fornasiero
- Department
of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, CENMAT, Center of Excellence
for Nanostructured Materials, INSTM, UdR Trieste, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 1, Trieste 34127, Italy
- ICCOM-CNR
Trieste Research Unit, University of Trieste, Trieste 34127, Italy
| | - Maurizio Prato
- Department
of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, CENMAT, Center of Excellence
for Nanostructured Materials, INSTM, UdR Trieste, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 1, Trieste 34127, Italy
- Center
for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 182, 20014 Donostia San Sebastián, Spain
- Basque
Foundation for Science, Ikerbasque, Bilbao 48013, Spain
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42
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Zhu C, Yue H, Jia J, Rueping M. Nickel‐Catalyzed C‐Heteroatom Cross‐Coupling Reactions under Mild Conditions via Facilitated Reductive Elimination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202013852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhu
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Huifeng Yue
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Jiaqi Jia
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Magnus Rueping
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
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43
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Chen W, Li T, Peng X. Visible-light-promoted thiocyanation of sp 2 C–H bonds over heterogeneous graphitic carbon nitrides. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj00532d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Mesoporous graphitic carbon nitride (mpg-C3N4) is developed as a practical heterogeneous photocatalyst for C–S bond formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Tingzhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Xinwen Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
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44
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Zhao X, Deng C, Meng D, Ji H, Chen C, Song W, Zhao J. Nickel-Coordinated Carbon Nitride as a Metallaphotoredox Platform for the Cross-Coupling of Aryl Halides with Alcohols. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c04725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, People’s Republic of China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chaoyuan Deng
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, People’s Republic of China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Di Meng
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, People’s Republic of China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongwei Ji
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, People’s Republic of China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chuncheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, People’s Republic of China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Song
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, People’s Republic of China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jincai Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, People’s Republic of China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People’s Republic of China
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45
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Koohgard M, Karimitabar H, Hosseini-Sarvari M. Visible-light-mediated semi-heterogeneous black TiO 2/nickel dual catalytic C (sp 2)-P bond formation toward aryl phosphonates. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:17147-17151. [PMID: 33232413 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt03507f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The combination of black TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) with a nickel catalyst provides a low-cost, sustainable, and reusable alternative dual catalytic system to a homogeneous counterpart (noble metals). This black TiO2-photoredox/nickel dual catalytic system has efficiently driven C-P bond formation between aryl iodides and diarylphosphine oxides under visible light, providing good to excellent yields as well as tolerating a variety of functional groups. The practical application of this semi-heterogeneous protocol has been highlighted by a sunlight experiment, a gram-scale reaction, and a reusability test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Koohgard
- Shiraz University, Shiraz 7194684795, Islamic Republic of Iran.
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46
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Mazzanti S, Savateev A. Emerging Concepts in Carbon Nitride Organic Photocatalysis. Chempluschem 2020; 85:2499-2517. [PMID: 33215877 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nitrides encompass a class of transition-metal-free materials possessing numerous advantages such as low cost (few Euros per gram), high chemical stability, broad tunability of redox potentials and optical bandgap, recyclability, and a high absorption coefficient (>105 cm-1 ), which make them highly attractive for application in photoredox catalysis. In this Review, we classify carbon nitrides based on their unique properties, structure, and redox potentials. We summarize recently emerging concepts in heterogeneous carbon nitride photocatalysis, with an emphasis on the synthesis of organic compounds: 1) Illumination-Driven Electron Accumulation in Semiconductors and Exploitation (IDEASE); 2) singlet-triplet intersystem crossing in carbon nitride excited states and related energy transfer; 3) architectures of flow photoreactors; and 4) dual metal/carbon nitride photocatalysis. The objective of this Review is to provide a detailed overview regarding innovative research in carbon nitride photocatalysis focusing on these topics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Mazzanti
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces Research Campus Golm, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Aleksandr Savateev
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces Research Campus Golm, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
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47
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Le Vaillant F, Reijerse EJ, Leutzsch M, Cornella J. Dialkyl Ether Formation at High-Valent Nickel. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:19540-19550. [PMID: 33143423 PMCID: PMC7677934 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c07381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In this article, we investigated the I2-promoted cyclic dialkyl ether formation from 6-membered oxanickelacycles originally reported by Hillhouse. A detailed mechanistic investigation based on spectroscopic and crystallographic analysis revealed that a putative reductive elimination to forge C(sp3)-OC(sp3) using I2 might not be operative. We isolated a paramagnetic bimetallic NiIII intermediate featuring a unique Ni2(OR)2 (OR = alkoxide) diamond-like core complemented by a μ-iodo bridge between the two Ni centers, which remains stable at low temperatures, thus permitting its characterization by NMR, EPR, X-ray, and HRMS. At higher temperatures (>-10 °C), such bimetallic intermediate thermally decomposes to afford large amounts of elimination products together with iodoalkanols. Observation of the latter suggests that a C(sp3)-I bond reductive elimination occurs preferentially to any other challenging C-O bond reductive elimination. Formation of cyclized THF rings is then believed to occur through cyclization of an alcohol/alkoxide to the recently forged C(sp3)-I bond. The results of this article indicate that the use of F+ oxidants permits the challenging C(sp3)-OC(sp3) bond formation at a high-valent nickel center to proceed in good yields while minimizing deleterious elimination reactions. Preliminary investigations suggest the involvement of a high-valent bimetallic NiIII intermediate which rapidly extrudes the C-O bond product at remarkably low temperatures. The new set of conditions permitted the elusive synthesis of diethyl ether through reductive elimination, a remarkable feature currently beyond the scope of Ni.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franck Le Vaillant
- Max-Planck-Institut
für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
| | - Edward J. Reijerse
- Max-Planck-Institut
für Chemische Energiekonversion, Stiftstrasse 34−36, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
| | - Markus Leutzsch
- Max-Planck-Institut
für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
| | - Josep Cornella
- Max-Planck-Institut
für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
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48
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Bortnikov EO, Semenov SN. Coupling of Alternating Current to Transition-Metal Catalysis: Examples of Nickel-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling. J Org Chem 2020; 86:782-793. [PMID: 33186048 PMCID: PMC7783731 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
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The
coupling of transition-metal to photoredox catalytic cycles
through single-electron transfer steps has become a powerful tool
in the development of catalytic processes. In this work, we demonstrated
that transition-metal catalysis can be coupled to alternating current
(AC) through electron transfer steps that occur periodically at the
same electrode. AC-assisted Ni-catalyzed amination, etherification,
and esterification of aromatic bromides showed higher yields and selectivity
compared to that observed in the control experiments with direct current.
Our mechanistic studies suggested the importance of both reduction
and oxidation processes in the maintenance of the AC-assisted catalytic
reactions. As described in presented examples, the AC assistance should
be well-suited for catalytic cycles involving reductive elimination
or oxidative addition as a limiting step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeniy O Bortnikov
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, 234 Herzl Street, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Sergey N Semenov
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, 234 Herzl Street, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
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49
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Filippini G, Longobardo F, Forster L, Criado A, Di Carmine G, Nasi L, D'Agostino C, Melchionna M, Fornasiero P, Prato M. Light-driven, heterogeneous organocatalysts for C-C bond formation toward valuable perfluoroalkylated intermediates. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:6/46/eabc9923. [PMID: 33177092 PMCID: PMC7673726 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abc9923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The favorable exploitation of carbon nitride (CN) materials in photocatalysis for organic synthesis requires the appropriate fine-tuning of the CN structure. Here, we present a deep investigation of the structure/activity relationship of CN in the photocatalytic perfluoroalkylation of organic compounds. Four types of CN bearing subtle structural differences were studied via conventional characterization techniques and innovative nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments, correlating the different structures with the fundamental mechanistic nexus and especially highlighting the importance of the halogen bond strength between the reagent and the catalyst surface. The optimum catalyst exhibited an excellent performance, with a very wide reaction scope, and could prominently trigger the model reaction using natural sunlight. The work lays a platform for establishing a new approach in the development of heterogeneous photocatalysts for organic synthesis related to medical, agricultural, and material chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Filippini
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, INSTM, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Francesco Longobardo
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, INSTM, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Luke Forster
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Alejandro Criado
- CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo de Miramón 182, 20009 Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Graziano Di Carmine
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Lucia Nasi
- IMEM-CNR Institute of Materials for Electronics and Magnetism, Parco Area delle Scienze 37/A, I-43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Carmine D'Agostino
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Michele Melchionna
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, INSTM, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Paolo Fornasiero
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, INSTM, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
- ICCOM-CNR Trieste Associate Unit, University of Trieste, via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Maurizio Prato
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, INSTM, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
- CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo de Miramón 182, 20009 Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
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50
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Xiao J, Liu X, Pan L, Shi C, Zhang X, Zou JJ. Heterogeneous Photocatalytic Organic Transformation Reactions Using Conjugated Polymers-Based Materials. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c03480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xiao
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xianlong Liu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Lun Pan
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Chengxiang Shi
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xiangwen Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Ji-Jun Zou
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
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