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Ding S, Pu Y, Lin J, Zhao H, Tang Q, Wang J. Electrophile-Controlled Regiodivergent Palladium-Catalyzed Imidoylative Spirocyclization of Cyclic Alkenes. Org Lett 2024; 26:1908-1913. [PMID: 38407073 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c00181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
An intermolecular controllable Pd-catalyzed spirocyclization of isocyano cycloalkenes has been developed, offering efficient and selective approaches toward spirocyclic hydropyrrole scaffolds. 2-Azaspiro-1,7-dienes could be obtained through a "chain-walking" process with aryl/vinyl iodides as electrophiles, while the normal Heck product 2-azaspiro-1,6-dienes were selectively generated when aryl triflates were used as the coupling partner of isocyanides. Mechanistic studies suggested that the counteranion of the Pd(II) intermediate played a crucial role in the regioselectivity control. Dihydropyrrole-fused 5,6,7-membered spirocycles were switchably accessed under mild conditions with wide functional group tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumin Ding
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials (State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base), College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Yue Pu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials (State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base), College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Jiao Lin
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials (State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base), College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Haixia Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials (State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base), College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Qiang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials (State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base), College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials (State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base), College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
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Alshammari MB, Aly AA, Ahmad A, Brown AB, Mohamed AH. Recent synthetic strategies of spiro-azetidin-2-one, -pyrrolidine, -indol(one) and -pyran derivatives-a review. RSC Adv 2023; 13:32786-32823. [PMID: 37942448 PMCID: PMC10628897 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra06054c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Spiro-heterocycles have received special attention in medicinal chemistry because of their promising biological activity. Over the years, many synthetic methodologies have been established for the construction of spirocyclic compounds. Spiro heterocycles such as spiro-azetidin-2-one, -pyrrolidine, -indol(one) and -pyran derivatives have been found to exhibit diversified biological and pharmacological activity in addition to their therapeutic properties. In view of these facts, we decided in this review to present representative synthetic approaches of the aforementioned spiro heterocycles, especially in the past 20 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed B Alshammari
- Chemistry Department, College of Sciences and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University Al-Kharij Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashraf A Aly
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University 61519 El-Minia Egypt
| | - Akil Ahmad
- Chemistry Department, College of Sciences and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University Al-Kharij Saudi Arabia
| | - Alan B Brown
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Florida Institute of Technology Melbourne FL 32901 USA
| | - Asmaa H Mohamed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University 61519 El-Minia Egypt
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3
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Ge S, Zhu YM, Xu XP, Ji SJ. [4 + 1 + 1] Tandem Cyclization Reaction Involving Isocyanides: Access to 2-(Trifluoromethyl)quinazolin-4(3 H)-imines. J Org Chem 2022; 87:3422-3432. [PMID: 35133158 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c03008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A palladium-catalyzed three-component reaction of isocyanides, 2,2,2-trifluoro-N-(2-iodophenyl)acetimidoyl chlorides, and amines for the one-pot synthesis of 2-(trifluoromethyl)quinazolin-4(3H)-imines was described. The protocol features a wide substrate scope, high efficiency, and readily available raw materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Ge
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Ming Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Ping Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.,Innovation Center for Chemical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Shun-Jun Ji
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
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M. Honnanayakanavar J, Owk O, Suresh S. Recent Advances in the Tandem Copper-Catalyzed Ullmann-Goldberg N-Arylation–Cyclization Strategies. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:2993-3028. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00082b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
N‒Aryl bond formation under copper catalysis has been playing a pivotal role and has been extensively used as a key step in the total syntheses of several therapeutic molecules. The...
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Alves NG, Alves AJS, Soares MIL, Pinho e Melo TMVD. Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Spiro‐β‐Lactams and Spiro‐δ‐Lactams. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202100013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nuno G. Alves
- University of Coimbra Coimbra Chemistry Centre and Department of Chemistry 3004-535 Coimbra Portugal
| | - Américo J. S. Alves
- University of Coimbra Coimbra Chemistry Centre and Department of Chemistry 3004-535 Coimbra Portugal
| | - Maria I. L. Soares
- University of Coimbra Coimbra Chemistry Centre and Department of Chemistry 3004-535 Coimbra Portugal
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Wang J, Li D, Li J, Zhu Q. Advances in palladium-catalysed imidoylative cyclization of functionalized isocyanides for the construction of N-heterocycles. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:6730-6745. [PMID: 34259697 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00864a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Palladium-catalysed isocyanide insertion reactions have witnessed great progress in recent years. In particular, imidoylative cyclization of functionalized isocyanides was successfully developed by taking advantage of the adjustable substituents on the isocyano group, opening a new avenue to access a variety of nitrogen-containing heterocycles. In this review article, we summarize the advances of functionalized isocyanide insertion reactions and highlight the breakthroughs of enantioselective palladium catalysed imidoylation reactions by using this strategy. Additionally, copper-catalysed cyclization reactions of functionalized isocyanides are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, P. R. China.
| | - Dan Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, P. R. China.
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China and Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou 510005, China.
| | - Qiang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China and Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou 510005, China.
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7
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Zuo WF, Zhou J, Wu YL, Fang HY, Lang XJ, Li Y, Zhan G, Han B. Synthesis of spiro(indoline-2,3′-hydropyridazine) via an “on-water” [4 + 2] annulation reaction. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo01422b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
An on-water [4 + 2] annulation reaction between 2-methyl-3H-indolium salt and α-bromo N-acyl hydrazone has been developed. The environmentally friendly strategy provides the first facile access to spiro(indoline-2,3'-hydropyridazine) scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Fang Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources
- School of Pharmacy
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Chengdu 611137
- P.R. China
| | - Jin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources
- School of Pharmacy
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Chengdu 611137
- P.R. China
| | - Yu-Ling Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources
- School of Pharmacy
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Chengdu 611137
- P.R. China
| | - Hua-Ying Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources
- School of Pharmacy
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Chengdu 611137
- P.R. China
| | - Xing-Jiang Lang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources
- School of Pharmacy
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Chengdu 611137
- P.R. China
| | - Ya Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources
- School of Pharmacy
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Chengdu 611137
- P.R. China
| | - Gu Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources
- School of Pharmacy
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Chengdu 611137
- P.R. China
| | - Bo Han
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources
- School of Pharmacy
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Chengdu 611137
- P.R. China
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Alves AJS, Alves NG, Soares MIL, Pinho e Melo TMVD. Strategies and methodologies for the construction of spiro-γ-lactams: an update. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo01564d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
This review gives an insight into the most recent synthetic methodologies towards spiro-γ-lactams, a class of compounds that are present in a wide range of synthetic bioactive and naturally occurring molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Américo J. S. Alves
- University of Coimbra
- Coimbra Chemistry Centre and Department of Chemistry
- 3004-535 Coimbra
- Portugal
| | - Nuno G. Alves
- University of Coimbra
- Coimbra Chemistry Centre and Department of Chemistry
- 3004-535 Coimbra
- Portugal
| | - Maria I. L. Soares
- University of Coimbra
- Coimbra Chemistry Centre and Department of Chemistry
- 3004-535 Coimbra
- Portugal
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Pan Z, Liu Y, Hu F, Liu Q, Shang W, Ji X, Xia C. Enantioselective Synthesis of Spiroindolines via Cascade Isomerization/Spirocyclization/Dearomatization Reaction. Org Lett 2020; 22:1589-1593. [PMID: 31990194 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The spiroindoline skeleton featured with 2,7-diazaspiro[4.4]nonane exists in various structurally intricate and biologically active monoterpene indole alkaloids. A catalytic asymmetric cascade enamine isomerization/spirocyclization/dearomatization succession to construct the spiroindoline was developed, which employed the indolyl dihydropyridine as a substrate under catalysis of the chiral phosphoric acid. This cascade reaction provided various spiroindolines in both diastereoselective and enantionselective fashions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Pan
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource (Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province), School of Chemical Science and Technology , Yunnan University , Kunming 650091 , China
| | - Yuchang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource (Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province), School of Chemical Science and Technology , Yunnan University , Kunming 650091 , China
| | - Fengchi Hu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource (Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province), School of Chemical Science and Technology , Yunnan University , Kunming 650091 , China
| | - Qinglong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource (Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province), School of Chemical Science and Technology , Yunnan University , Kunming 650091 , China
| | - Wenbin Shang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource (Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province), School of Chemical Science and Technology , Yunnan University , Kunming 650091 , China
| | - Xu Ji
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource (Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province), School of Chemical Science and Technology , Yunnan University , Kunming 650091 , China
| | - Chengfeng Xia
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource (Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province), School of Chemical Science and Technology , Yunnan University , Kunming 650091 , China
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Yurino T, Tange Y, Tani R, Ohkuma T. Ag2O-catalysed nucleophilic isocyanation: selective formation of less-stable benzylic isonitriles. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo00336k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Both primary and secondary benzylic isonitriles were exclusively produced by the Ag2O-catalysed reaction of benzylic phosphates and trimethylsilyl cyanide without formation of the thermodynamically favoured regioisomers, benzylic nitriles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiga Yurino
- Division of Applied Chemistry and Frontier Chemistry Centre
- Faculty of Engineering
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo
- Japan
| | - Yuji Tange
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo
- Japan
| | - Ryutaro Tani
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo
- Japan
| | - Takeshi Ohkuma
- Division of Applied Chemistry and Frontier Chemistry Centre
- Faculty of Engineering
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo
- Japan
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