1
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Chang MY, Ho CH, Chen HY. K 2CO 3-mediated annulation of 1,3-acetonedicarboxylates with 2-fluoro-1-nitroarenes: synthesis of indoles. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:4108-4122. [PMID: 38695833 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00488d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
The K2CO3-mediated one-pot reaction of 1,3-acetonedicarboxylates with 2 equiv. of substituted 2-fluoro-1-nitrobenzenes has been developed to synthesize various 2,3-dicarboxylate indoles via a tandem annulation pathway. In the effective reaction, one carbon-carbon double bond, one carbon-carbon single bond and one carbon-nitrogen single bond are formed under open-vessel conditions. DFT calculations are used to rationalize the plausible mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Yang Chang
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- NPUST College of Professional Studies, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Huey Ho
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Hsing-Yin Chen
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
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2
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Lakshman MK, Sebastian D, Pradhan P, Neary MC, Piette AM, Trzebiatowski SP, Henriques AEK, Willoughby PH. Nitrene C-H Bond Insertion Approach to Carbazolones and Indolones, and a Reactivity Departure for 7-Membered Analogues. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302995. [PMID: 37751465 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
A modular platform for facile access to 1,2,3,9-tetrahydro-4H-carbazol-4-ones (H4 -carbazolones) and 3,4-dihydrocyclopenta[b]indol-1(2H)-ones (H2 -indolones) is described. The requisite 6- and 5-membered 2-arylcycloalkane-1,3-dione precursors were readily obtained through a Cu-catalyzed arylation of 1,3-cyclohexanediones or by a ring expansion of aryl succinoin derivatives. Enolization of one carbonyl group in the diones, conversion to a leaving group, and subsequent azidation gave 2-aryl-3-azidocycloalk-2-en-1-ones. This two-step, one-pot azidation is highly regioselective with unsymmetrically substituted 2-arylcyclohexane-1,3-diones. The regioselectivity, which is important for access to single isomers of 3,3-disubstituted carbazolones, was analyzed mechanistically and computationally. Finally, a Rh-catalyzed nitrene/nitrenoid insertion into the ortho C-H bond of the aryl moiety gave the H4 -carbazolones and H2 -indolones. One carbazolone was elaborated to an intermediate reported in the total synthesis of N-decarbomethoxychanofruticosinate, (-)-aspidospermidine, (+)-kopsihainanine A. With 2-phenylcycloheptane-1,3-dione, prepared from cyclohexanone and benzaldehyde, the azidation reaction was readily accomplished. However, the Rh-catalyzed reaction unexpectedly led to a labile but characterizable azirine rather than the indole derivative. Computations were performed to understand the differences in reactivities of the 5- and 6-membered 2-aryl-3-azidocycloalk-2-en-1-ones in comparison to the 7-membered analogue, and to support the structural assignment of the azirine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh K Lakshman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031, USA
- The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, The Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Dellamol Sebastian
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031, USA
- The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, The Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Padmanava Pradhan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Michelle C Neary
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Alexis M Piette
- Department of Chemistry, Ripon College, 300 W. Seward St., Ripon, WI 54971, USA
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3
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Li X, Shen Y, Zhang G, Zheng X, Zhao Q, Song Z. Ru(II)-Catalyzed Decarbonylative Alkylation and Annulations of Benzaldehydes with Iodonium Ylides under Chelation Assistance. Org Lett 2022; 24:5281-5286. [PMID: 35849760 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A Ru(II)-catalyzed decarbonylative alkylation and annulation of salicylaldehydes and 2-aminobenzaldehydes with iodonium ylides has been developed for the synthesis of dibenzo[b,d]furans and NH-free carbazolones. The reaction proceeds smoothly under mild conditions with a low catalyst loading and a broad substrate compatibility. Notably, hydroxy and free amino groups were demonstrated to be the effective directing groups, enabling the successful aldehyde C-H bond activation and subsequent decarbonylation and annulation under the inexpensive Ru(II) catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China
| | - Yang Shen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China
| | - Guodong Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, 180 Siwangting Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225002, China
| | - Xin Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China
| | - Qing Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China
| | - Zihe Song
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China
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4
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Li X, Zhao Q, Shen Y, Ma R. Rh(III)-Catalyzed C-H Diamidation and Diamidation/Intramolecular Cyclization of N-Iminopyridinium Ylides with Dioxazolones. J Org Chem 2022; 87:3468-3481. [PMID: 35080889 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c03042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A highly efficient Rh(III)-catalyzed C-H diamidation and diamidation/intramolecular cyclization of N-iminopyridinium ylides with dioxazolones has been developed, providing diamidated products and benzoxazinone products in good to excellent yields. Notably, the tunable selectivity of this reaction can be controlled by simply switching the solvent and the temperature. This reaction features operational simplicity, a broad substrate scope, and a good functional group tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China.,Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China
| | - Qing Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China
| | - Yang Shen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China
| | - Ran Ma
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China.,Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China
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5
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Sun W, Raimbach WAT, Elliott LD, Booker-Milburn KI, Harrowven DC. New approaches to ondansetron and alosetron inspire a versatile, flow photochemical method for indole synthesis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 58:383-386. [PMID: 34860228 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc05700f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
An oxidative photocyclisation of N-arylenaminones to indoles is described, that mirrors the Fischer indole synthesis but uses anilines in place of arylhydrazines. Its value is exemplified with new approaches to the WHO-listed APIs ondansetron and alosetron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Sun
- Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK.
| | | | - Luke D Elliott
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | | | - David C Harrowven
- Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK.
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6
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Pelipko VV, Baichurin RI, Kondrashov EV, Makarenko SV. Optimization of the Synthesis of Benzo[b]furan-3-carboxylates Based on Alkyl 3-Bromo-3-nitroacrylates. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363221020031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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7
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Maezono SMB, Khanal HD, Chaudhary P, Devkota S, Lee YR. Construction of Diverse Dihydrodibenzofuranones by Migration/Intramolecular Arylation of Iodonium Ylides. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.12209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hari Datta Khanal
- School of Chemical Engineering Yeungnam University Gyeongsan 712‐749 Republic of Korea
| | - Priyanka Chaudhary
- School of Chemical Engineering Yeungnam University Gyeongsan 712‐749 Republic of Korea
| | - Shreedhar Devkota
- School of Chemical Engineering Yeungnam University Gyeongsan 712‐749 Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Rok Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering Yeungnam University Gyeongsan 712‐749 Republic of Korea
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8
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Zhang S, Li H, Yamamoto Y, Bao M. Synthesis of 1 H-Indole-2,3-dicarboxylates via Rhodium-Catalyzed C-H Annulation of Arylhydrazines with Maleates. J Org Chem 2020; 85:12544-12552. [PMID: 32864963 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
This work describes a one-step synthesis of 1H-indole-2,3-dicarboxylates through C-H activation. Rhodium-catalyzed tandem C-H activation and annulation of 2-acetyl-1-phenylhydrazines with maleates proceeded smoothly in the presence of additive NaOAc and oxidant Ag2CO3 and produced the corresponding indole derivatives, 1H-indole-2,3-dicarboxylates, in satisfactory to good yields. A variety of useful functional groups were tolerated on the benzene ring including halogen atoms (F, Cl, Br, and I) and methoxycarbonyl groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, China
| | - He Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - Yoshinori Yamamoto
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, China.,Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Ming Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, China
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9
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Usman M, Hu X, Liu W. Recent Advances and Perspectives in the Synthesis and Applications of Tetrahydrocarbazol‐4‐ones†. CHINESE J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202000029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Usman
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences; Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials (Ministry of Education); College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University Wuhan Hubei 430072 China
| | - Xu‐Dong Hu
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences; Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials (Ministry of Education); College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University Wuhan Hubei 430072 China
| | - Wen‐Bo Liu
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences; Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials (Ministry of Education); College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University Wuhan Hubei 430072 China
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10
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Song L, Su Q, Lin X, Du Z, Xu H, Ouyang MA, Yao H, Tong R. Cascade Claisen and Meinwald Rearrangement for One-Pot Divergent Synthesis of Benzofurans and 2H-Chromenes. Org Lett 2020; 22:3004-3009. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liyan Song
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Qian Su
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Xi Lin
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Zhihui Du
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Huiyou Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Ming-An Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Hongliang Yao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Drug Synthesis and Evaluation Center, Guangdong Institute of Applied Biological Resources, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, China
| | - Rongbiao Tong
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clearwater Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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11
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Reddy RJ, Kumar JJ, Kumari AH, Krishna GR. Pd‐Catalyzed Annulation of β‐Iodovinyl Sulfones with 2‐Halophenols: A General Route for the Synthesis of 3‐Sulfonyl Benzofuran Derivatives. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201901550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raju Jannapu Reddy
- Department of Chemistry, University College of ScienceOsmania University Hyderabad 500 007 India
| | - Jangam Jagadesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, University College of ScienceOsmania University Hyderabad 500 007 India
| | - Arram Haritha Kumari
- Department of Chemistry, University College of ScienceOsmania University Hyderabad 500 007 India
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12
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Cheng Q, Wang Z, Li HW, Shan CY, Zheng PF, Shuai L, Li YL, Chen YC, Ouyang Q. 2,3-Dicyano-5,6-dichlorobenzoquinone-Mediated and Selective C-O and C-C Cross-Couplings of Phenols and Porphyrins. Org Lett 2020; 22:300-304. [PMID: 31841342 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b04330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
A selective C-O cross-coupling reaction between porphyrins and phenols has been developed through 2,3-dicyano-5,6-dichlorobenzoquinone (DDQ)/Sc(OTf)3 oxidation, efficiently delivering meso-etherified porphyrins in good yields (≤93%). The radical complex process was proposed and calculated as the rationalized mechanism to block the homocoupling process. In addition, the switchable selective C-C cross-coupling reaction was achieved by using bulky electron-rich phenols and naphthols under DDQ oxidation conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Cheng
- College of Pharmacy , Third Military Medical University , Chongqing 400038 , China
| | - Zheng Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering , Sichuan University of Science and Engineering , Zigong , Sichuan 643000 , China
| | - Hong-Wei Li
- College of Pharmacy , Third Military Medical University , Chongqing 400038 , China
| | - Chang-Yu Shan
- College of Pharmacy , Third Military Medical University , Chongqing 400038 , China
| | - Peng-Fei Zheng
- College of Pharmacy , Third Military Medical University , Chongqing 400038 , China
| | - Li Shuai
- College of Pharmacy , Third Military Medical University , Chongqing 400038 , China
| | - Yu-Long Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering , Sichuan University of Science and Engineering , Zigong , Sichuan 643000 , China
| | - Ying-Chun Chen
- College of Pharmacy , Third Military Medical University , Chongqing 400038 , China
| | - Qin Ouyang
- College of Pharmacy , Third Military Medical University , Chongqing 400038 , China
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13
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Kaur N, Ahlawat N, Verma Y, Grewal P, Bhardwaj P, Jangid NK. Metal and organo-complex promoted synthesis of fused five-memberedO-heterocycles. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2019.1700522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Navjeet Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, India
| | - Neha Ahlawat
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, India
| | - Yamini Verma
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, India
| | - Pooja Grewal
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, India
| | - Pranshu Bhardwaj
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, India
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